Learn how alcohol and mood swings are connected, what causes emotional ups and downs after drinking, and practical tips for finding more balance.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
Many of us reach for a drink to unwind, hoping it will melt away the day's stress. But what happens when that temporary relief leads to a rollercoaster of emotions? If you've ever felt irritable or anxious after drinking, you're not alone. This is the direct connection between alcohol and mood swings at play. We'll explore exactly why this happens—from its impact on your brain chemistry to your sleep. Understanding how alcohol causes mood swings is the first step toward finding balance and feeling more in control of your emotional well-being, especially the next day.
Alcohol interacts with neurotransmitters in the brain, which are chemical messengers crucial for regulating mood. Specifically, alcohol enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and reduces the excitatory impact of glutamate. Initially, this chemical interplay results in feelings of relaxation and euphoria, but as the effects wear off, the balance shifts, leading to an overactive glutamate system and an underactive GABA system. This abrupt shift can trigger feelings of restlessness, irritability, and mood swings the next day.
For a more detailed exploration of this topic, you might want to read our article on Why Does Alcohol Give Me Mood Swings the Next Day?.
Alcohol's impact on sleep is another critical factor in emotional stability. While alcohol might help you fall asleep faster, it disrupts the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep stage, which is crucial for restorative sleep. Poor sleep can lead to fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and lower mood, all contributing to mood swings.
Alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it increases urination and leads to substantial fluid loss. Dehydration doesn't just result in physical symptoms like headaches and dizziness; it also affects mood. Studies have shown that even mild dehydration can increase anxiety and irritability, while severe dehydration can significantly impact cognitive function and mood.
Alcohol's impact on blood sugar levels is another significant aspect to consider. Drinking can cause blood sugar levels to rise and then abruptly fall, leading to symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and mood swings. Maintaining stable blood sugar levels is crucial not only for physical well-being but also for emotional health.
Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to more severe emotional and psychological issues. It can exacerbate symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a vicious cycle where individuals drink to alleviate emotional pain, only to find their symptoms worsening over time. This cycle can also impact relationships, work performance, and overall quality of life.
For more insights into recognizing the signs that you might be drinking too much, check out our article on 8 Signs Your Body Wants You To Drink Less.
Occasional moodiness after a night of drinking is one thing, but when emotional volatility becomes a regular pattern, it might be time to look closer. Persistent and intense mood swings can be more than just a hangover symptom; they can be an indicator of an underlying alcohol use disorder (AUD). This isn't about labeling or judgment, but about awareness and understanding the patterns that might be holding you back from feeling your best. Recognizing these signs is the first step toward making a change. If you find yourself continuing to drink even when you know it’s causing negative consequences, like frequent mood swings or blackouts, it could be a signal that your relationship with alcohol has become problematic.
An alcohol use disorder is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It’s a spectrum that can range from mild to severe. The signs aren't always dramatic or obvious, but they often build over time. According to the Indian Health Service, these warning signs can manifest physically, behaviorally, and psychologically. Paying attention to these areas can provide clarity and help you understand if it’s time to seek support or explore a new approach to your drinking habits, such as mindful drinking.
Your body often sends the clearest signals. Physical signs of a potential AUD can include experiencing withdrawal symptoms like shakiness, sweating, or nausea when you don't drink. You might also notice an increased tolerance, meaning you need to drink more to feel the same effect. A key indicator is continuing to use alcohol even when you know it's causing physical or mental health problems. This could mean drinking despite knowing it triggers your anxiety or leads to those difficult mood swings the next day.
Changes in your actions and priorities can also point to a larger issue. This might look like spending a lot of time drinking or recovering from its effects. You may find yourself giving up hobbies or activities you once enjoyed in favor of drinking. Another significant behavioral sign is experiencing problems in your relationships with friends, family, or partners because of your alcohol use. If drinking is causing friction or distance in your personal life, it's a valid reason to re-evaluate its role.
The mental and emotional toll is often the most challenging aspect. Psychological signs include strong cravings or urges to drink that are difficult to ignore. A major red flag, directly related to this article's topic, is experiencing sudden mood swings, becoming easily annoyed, or having angry outbursts more frequently. If you're drinking to cope with stress or avoid feelings, it can create a cycle that’s hard to break and may signal a deeper dependence on alcohol for emotional regulation.
The relationship between alcohol and depression is complex and often cyclical, with each condition having the potential to trigger or worsen the other. It can feel like a chicken-and-egg situation: did the drinking lead to feelings of depression, or did the depression lead to more drinking? In many cases, they fuel each other, creating a difficult cycle to interrupt. When someone experiences both an alcohol use disorder and depression, the conditions are often more severe and challenging to manage. Understanding how they interact is a crucial step toward finding effective strategies for healing and breaking free from the pattern.
When you're struggling with the weight of depression, it's natural to look for a way to escape or numb the pain. Some people turn to alcohol to self-medicate, hoping it will provide temporary relief from feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or anxiety. As noted by American Addiction Centers, this attempt to feel better can unfortunately backfire. While alcohol might offer a brief lift, it's a depressant that ultimately makes symptoms worse. This can lead to a dangerous pattern where more alcohol is needed to achieve the same fleeting relief, potentially leading to dependence and addiction.
On the flip side, heavy or chronic alcohol use can directly cause or intensify symptoms of depression. Alcohol disrupts the delicate balance of neurotransmitters in your brain, including serotonin and dopamine, which are essential for mood regulation. Over time, this chemical interference can lead to a depletion of these "feel-good" chemicals, paving the way for a depressive episode. What might start as a way to unwind can evolve into a primary driver of low mood, creating the very problem it was meant to solve.
It's important to distinguish between a bad mood and clinical depression. Depression is a persistent condition with symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. Key signs include a lasting sad or anxious mood, loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed, significant changes in appetite or sleep patterns, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. When alcohol use is also present, these symptoms can be magnified, making it harder to function and find a path forward.
Several factors can increase the risk of developing depression, including genetics, major life changes, trauma, and stress. Chronic alcohol consumption is also a significant risk factor. It can create a state of chronic stress on the body and brain, making you more vulnerable to mental health challenges. If you have a family history of depression or have experienced significant life stressors, it’s especially important to be mindful of your alcohol intake and its potential impact on your emotional well-being.
Reducing alcohol consumption can be a daunting task, especially if you've been using alcohol as a coping mechanism. However, cutting back can lead to significant improvements in emotional stability and overall well-being. When you drink less, you're likely to experience better sleep, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function.
It’s essential to approach this change with patience and self-compassion. Understand that cutting back won't stabilize your emotions overnight. It takes time to adjust to the changing emotional landscape and develop new coping strategies.
For practical strategies on how to cut back on alcohol and improve your emotional health, you might find our guide on How Cutting Back on Alcohol Affects Your Emotions helpful.
Understanding your personal patterns is a powerful first step toward making a change. Start by keeping a simple journal or using a tracking tool to note when you drink and how you feel before, during, and after. This practice can reveal connections you might not have noticed, like reaching for a drink when you feel stressed, lonely, or even bored. Recognizing these triggers is crucial because it allows you to prepare healthier responses. Over time, this self-awareness helps break the cycle where alcohol is used to manage emotional pain, which, as research from the American Addiction Centers points out, can worsen symptoms of anxiety and depression. The Reframe app offers personalized drink tracking to help you identify these patterns and build a more mindful relationship with alcohol.
You don’t have to go through this alone. Sharing your experiences with people who get it can make a world of difference. Connecting with a community provides a space to talk openly without fear of judgment, which helps combat feelings of isolation that often accompany the decision to drink less. Whether it’s a trusted friend, a family member, or a dedicated support group, having people to lean on is invaluable. Hearing others' stories can offer new perspectives and coping strategies you hadn't considered. Many find strength in digital communities, like the one within the Reframe app, which offers 24/7 access to peer support from millions of users on a similar path to changing their drinking habits.
Sometimes, self-guided changes and informal support aren't enough, and that’s completely okay. Reaching out for professional help is a sign of strength. If alcohol use and mood swings are significantly impacting your life, formal treatment options can provide the structure and medical expertise needed for a safe and effective change. For individuals dealing with both depression and an alcohol use disorder, professionals often recommend treating both conditions simultaneously. This integrated approach addresses the root causes of each issue and how they influence one another, leading to more sustainable, long-term well-being. Exploring these options can provide a clear path forward, with dedicated professionals guiding you every step of the way.
For those who have been drinking heavily for a long time, stopping suddenly can be dangerous. Medically supervised detoxification, or detox, is the first step in many formal treatment plans. It’s a process designed to help you safely manage the physical and psychological symptoms of withdrawal under the care of medical professionals. This controlled environment ensures your safety and comfort as your body adjusts to the absence of alcohol. According to the American Addiction Centers, detoxification is a critical first step that allows your body to clear itself of alcohol while medical staff monitor your vital signs and provide support to ease withdrawal symptoms, setting a stable foundation for the next phase of recovery.
Medication can be a helpful tool in managing both alcohol cravings and co-occurring mood disorders like depression or anxiety. A doctor might prescribe antidepressants to help stabilize your mood or other medications specifically designed to reduce the desire to drink. For example, naltrexone can help reduce cravings and the pleasurable effects of alcohol, while acamprosate can help you maintain sobriety. These medications are not a magic bullet, but when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes therapy and support, they can make the process of cutting back or quitting much more manageable. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine if medication is a suitable option for you.
Working with a therapist can equip you with the tools to understand the thoughts and behaviors that drive your drinking. One of the most effective approaches is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which focuses on identifying negative thought patterns and developing healthier coping strategies. Instead of turning to alcohol to deal with difficult emotions, a therapist can help you build a new toolkit of responses. Therapy provides a confidential space to explore the underlying reasons for your drinking and work through them constructively. This process empowers you to make lasting changes, not just by stopping a behavior but by fundamentally shifting your relationship with your emotions and your triggers.
Formal support groups offer a unique form of peer-to-peer encouragement that many find essential for long-term success. Organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and SMART Recovery provide structured, supportive environments where you can connect with others who share similar goals and challenges. Attending meetings allows you to share your story, listen to others, and learn practical strategies for staying on track. The sense of community and shared understanding can be incredibly powerful, reminding you that you are part of a larger group of people all working toward a healthier life. These groups reduce feelings of loneliness and provide ongoing motivation to stick with your goals.
Understanding the effects of alcohol on emotional stability and mood swings is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By recognizing how alcohol interacts with your brain, sleep, hydration, and blood sugar levels, you can take proactive steps to mitigate its negative impact on your emotional health. Reducing alcohol consumption is a journey that requires patience, self-compassion, and support, but the benefits to your emotional well-being are well worth the effort.
Why do I feel so anxious the day after drinking, not just irritable? That feeling of anxiety, often called "hangxiety," is very common and directly tied to your brain chemistry. When you drink, alcohol boosts calming chemicals, which is why you feel relaxed at first. To balance things out, your brain goes into overdrive producing stimulating chemicals. Once the alcohol wears off, you're left with an excess of these stimulants, which can lead to feelings of anxiety, restlessness, and a racing heart the next day.
Can even a small amount of alcohol, like one drink, cause mood swings? Yes, it's entirely possible. Everyone's body chemistry is different, and your sensitivity to alcohol can change based on factors like your stress levels, how much you've slept, or what you've eaten. For some people, even one drink is enough to disrupt the delicate balance of neurotransmitters, sleep patterns, and blood sugar, leading to noticeable shifts in their mood the following day.
If I cut back on alcohol, how long will it take for my mood to feel more stable? There isn't a universal timeline, as it's a gradual process that depends on your unique body and past drinking habits. However, many people notice positive changes fairly quickly. Improvements in sleep quality and hydration can happen within the first week, which can have an immediate positive effect on your mood. More significant emotional stability often builds over several weeks and months as your brain chemistry recalibrates and you develop new coping strategies.
Alcohol seems to help my depression in the moment. Why does the article say it makes it worse? This is the tricky cycle of self-medication. Alcohol can provide a temporary feeling of relief because it initially alters brain chemicals to numb emotional pain. Think of it as borrowing happiness from tomorrow. While it might feel like a short-term fix, it ultimately disrupts the very neurotransmitters that regulate your mood. Over time, this can worsen the underlying symptoms of depression, making the lows feel even lower and creating a dependency on alcohol for any relief at all.
What's the difference between a normal mood swing after drinking and a sign of a bigger problem? The key differences are frequency, intensity, and impact. An occasional bout of irritability after a night out is a fairly common physical reaction. It becomes a potential red flag when these mood swings happen regularly, are severe, or when you continue to drink despite knowing it's causing these emotional issues or creating problems in your relationships, work, or overall well-being. When the negative consequences start to outweigh the perceived benefits, it's a good time to take a closer look at your relationship with alcohol.
Many of us reach for a drink to unwind, hoping it will melt away the day's stress. But what happens when that temporary relief leads to a rollercoaster of emotions? If you've ever felt irritable or anxious after drinking, you're not alone. This is the direct connection between alcohol and mood swings at play. We'll explore exactly why this happens—from its impact on your brain chemistry to your sleep. Understanding how alcohol causes mood swings is the first step toward finding balance and feeling more in control of your emotional well-being, especially the next day.
Alcohol interacts with neurotransmitters in the brain, which are chemical messengers crucial for regulating mood. Specifically, alcohol enhances the inhibitory effects of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and reduces the excitatory impact of glutamate. Initially, this chemical interplay results in feelings of relaxation and euphoria, but as the effects wear off, the balance shifts, leading to an overactive glutamate system and an underactive GABA system. This abrupt shift can trigger feelings of restlessness, irritability, and mood swings the next day.
For a more detailed exploration of this topic, you might want to read our article on Why Does Alcohol Give Me Mood Swings the Next Day?.
Alcohol's impact on sleep is another critical factor in emotional stability. While alcohol might help you fall asleep faster, it disrupts the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep stage, which is crucial for restorative sleep. Poor sleep can lead to fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and lower mood, all contributing to mood swings.
Alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it increases urination and leads to substantial fluid loss. Dehydration doesn't just result in physical symptoms like headaches and dizziness; it also affects mood. Studies have shown that even mild dehydration can increase anxiety and irritability, while severe dehydration can significantly impact cognitive function and mood.
Alcohol's impact on blood sugar levels is another significant aspect to consider. Drinking can cause blood sugar levels to rise and then abruptly fall, leading to symptoms of fatigue, weakness, and mood swings. Maintaining stable blood sugar levels is crucial not only for physical well-being but also for emotional health.
Chronic alcohol consumption can lead to more severe emotional and psychological issues. It can exacerbate symptoms of depression and anxiety, leading to a vicious cycle where individuals drink to alleviate emotional pain, only to find their symptoms worsening over time. This cycle can also impact relationships, work performance, and overall quality of life.
For more insights into recognizing the signs that you might be drinking too much, check out our article on 8 Signs Your Body Wants You To Drink Less.
Occasional moodiness after a night of drinking is one thing, but when emotional volatility becomes a regular pattern, it might be time to look closer. Persistent and intense mood swings can be more than just a hangover symptom; they can be an indicator of an underlying alcohol use disorder (AUD). This isn't about labeling or judgment, but about awareness and understanding the patterns that might be holding you back from feeling your best. Recognizing these signs is the first step toward making a change. If you find yourself continuing to drink even when you know it’s causing negative consequences, like frequent mood swings or blackouts, it could be a signal that your relationship with alcohol has become problematic.
An alcohol use disorder is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It’s a spectrum that can range from mild to severe. The signs aren't always dramatic or obvious, but they often build over time. According to the Indian Health Service, these warning signs can manifest physically, behaviorally, and psychologically. Paying attention to these areas can provide clarity and help you understand if it’s time to seek support or explore a new approach to your drinking habits, such as mindful drinking.
Your body often sends the clearest signals. Physical signs of a potential AUD can include experiencing withdrawal symptoms like shakiness, sweating, or nausea when you don't drink. You might also notice an increased tolerance, meaning you need to drink more to feel the same effect. A key indicator is continuing to use alcohol even when you know it's causing physical or mental health problems. This could mean drinking despite knowing it triggers your anxiety or leads to those difficult mood swings the next day.
Changes in your actions and priorities can also point to a larger issue. This might look like spending a lot of time drinking or recovering from its effects. You may find yourself giving up hobbies or activities you once enjoyed in favor of drinking. Another significant behavioral sign is experiencing problems in your relationships with friends, family, or partners because of your alcohol use. If drinking is causing friction or distance in your personal life, it's a valid reason to re-evaluate its role.
The mental and emotional toll is often the most challenging aspect. Psychological signs include strong cravings or urges to drink that are difficult to ignore. A major red flag, directly related to this article's topic, is experiencing sudden mood swings, becoming easily annoyed, or having angry outbursts more frequently. If you're drinking to cope with stress or avoid feelings, it can create a cycle that’s hard to break and may signal a deeper dependence on alcohol for emotional regulation.
The relationship between alcohol and depression is complex and often cyclical, with each condition having the potential to trigger or worsen the other. It can feel like a chicken-and-egg situation: did the drinking lead to feelings of depression, or did the depression lead to more drinking? In many cases, they fuel each other, creating a difficult cycle to interrupt. When someone experiences both an alcohol use disorder and depression, the conditions are often more severe and challenging to manage. Understanding how they interact is a crucial step toward finding effective strategies for healing and breaking free from the pattern.
When you're struggling with the weight of depression, it's natural to look for a way to escape or numb the pain. Some people turn to alcohol to self-medicate, hoping it will provide temporary relief from feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or anxiety. As noted by American Addiction Centers, this attempt to feel better can unfortunately backfire. While alcohol might offer a brief lift, it's a depressant that ultimately makes symptoms worse. This can lead to a dangerous pattern where more alcohol is needed to achieve the same fleeting relief, potentially leading to dependence and addiction.
On the flip side, heavy or chronic alcohol use can directly cause or intensify symptoms of depression. Alcohol disrupts the delicate balance of neurotransmitters in your brain, including serotonin and dopamine, which are essential for mood regulation. Over time, this chemical interference can lead to a depletion of these "feel-good" chemicals, paving the way for a depressive episode. What might start as a way to unwind can evolve into a primary driver of low mood, creating the very problem it was meant to solve.
It's important to distinguish between a bad mood and clinical depression. Depression is a persistent condition with symptoms that affect how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. Key signs include a lasting sad or anxious mood, loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed, significant changes in appetite or sleep patterns, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. When alcohol use is also present, these symptoms can be magnified, making it harder to function and find a path forward.
Several factors can increase the risk of developing depression, including genetics, major life changes, trauma, and stress. Chronic alcohol consumption is also a significant risk factor. It can create a state of chronic stress on the body and brain, making you more vulnerable to mental health challenges. If you have a family history of depression or have experienced significant life stressors, it’s especially important to be mindful of your alcohol intake and its potential impact on your emotional well-being.
Reducing alcohol consumption can be a daunting task, especially if you've been using alcohol as a coping mechanism. However, cutting back can lead to significant improvements in emotional stability and overall well-being. When you drink less, you're likely to experience better sleep, improved mood, and enhanced cognitive function.
It’s essential to approach this change with patience and self-compassion. Understand that cutting back won't stabilize your emotions overnight. It takes time to adjust to the changing emotional landscape and develop new coping strategies.
For practical strategies on how to cut back on alcohol and improve your emotional health, you might find our guide on How Cutting Back on Alcohol Affects Your Emotions helpful.
Understanding your personal patterns is a powerful first step toward making a change. Start by keeping a simple journal or using a tracking tool to note when you drink and how you feel before, during, and after. This practice can reveal connections you might not have noticed, like reaching for a drink when you feel stressed, lonely, or even bored. Recognizing these triggers is crucial because it allows you to prepare healthier responses. Over time, this self-awareness helps break the cycle where alcohol is used to manage emotional pain, which, as research from the American Addiction Centers points out, can worsen symptoms of anxiety and depression. The Reframe app offers personalized drink tracking to help you identify these patterns and build a more mindful relationship with alcohol.
You don’t have to go through this alone. Sharing your experiences with people who get it can make a world of difference. Connecting with a community provides a space to talk openly without fear of judgment, which helps combat feelings of isolation that often accompany the decision to drink less. Whether it’s a trusted friend, a family member, or a dedicated support group, having people to lean on is invaluable. Hearing others' stories can offer new perspectives and coping strategies you hadn't considered. Many find strength in digital communities, like the one within the Reframe app, which offers 24/7 access to peer support from millions of users on a similar path to changing their drinking habits.
Sometimes, self-guided changes and informal support aren't enough, and that’s completely okay. Reaching out for professional help is a sign of strength. If alcohol use and mood swings are significantly impacting your life, formal treatment options can provide the structure and medical expertise needed for a safe and effective change. For individuals dealing with both depression and an alcohol use disorder, professionals often recommend treating both conditions simultaneously. This integrated approach addresses the root causes of each issue and how they influence one another, leading to more sustainable, long-term well-being. Exploring these options can provide a clear path forward, with dedicated professionals guiding you every step of the way.
For those who have been drinking heavily for a long time, stopping suddenly can be dangerous. Medically supervised detoxification, or detox, is the first step in many formal treatment plans. It’s a process designed to help you safely manage the physical and psychological symptoms of withdrawal under the care of medical professionals. This controlled environment ensures your safety and comfort as your body adjusts to the absence of alcohol. According to the American Addiction Centers, detoxification is a critical first step that allows your body to clear itself of alcohol while medical staff monitor your vital signs and provide support to ease withdrawal symptoms, setting a stable foundation for the next phase of recovery.
Medication can be a helpful tool in managing both alcohol cravings and co-occurring mood disorders like depression or anxiety. A doctor might prescribe antidepressants to help stabilize your mood or other medications specifically designed to reduce the desire to drink. For example, naltrexone can help reduce cravings and the pleasurable effects of alcohol, while acamprosate can help you maintain sobriety. These medications are not a magic bullet, but when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes therapy and support, they can make the process of cutting back or quitting much more manageable. Always consult with a healthcare professional to determine if medication is a suitable option for you.
Working with a therapist can equip you with the tools to understand the thoughts and behaviors that drive your drinking. One of the most effective approaches is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which focuses on identifying negative thought patterns and developing healthier coping strategies. Instead of turning to alcohol to deal with difficult emotions, a therapist can help you build a new toolkit of responses. Therapy provides a confidential space to explore the underlying reasons for your drinking and work through them constructively. This process empowers you to make lasting changes, not just by stopping a behavior but by fundamentally shifting your relationship with your emotions and your triggers.
Formal support groups offer a unique form of peer-to-peer encouragement that many find essential for long-term success. Organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and SMART Recovery provide structured, supportive environments where you can connect with others who share similar goals and challenges. Attending meetings allows you to share your story, listen to others, and learn practical strategies for staying on track. The sense of community and shared understanding can be incredibly powerful, reminding you that you are part of a larger group of people all working toward a healthier life. These groups reduce feelings of loneliness and provide ongoing motivation to stick with your goals.
Understanding the effects of alcohol on emotional stability and mood swings is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By recognizing how alcohol interacts with your brain, sleep, hydration, and blood sugar levels, you can take proactive steps to mitigate its negative impact on your emotional health. Reducing alcohol consumption is a journey that requires patience, self-compassion, and support, but the benefits to your emotional well-being are well worth the effort.
Why do I feel so anxious the day after drinking, not just irritable? That feeling of anxiety, often called "hangxiety," is very common and directly tied to your brain chemistry. When you drink, alcohol boosts calming chemicals, which is why you feel relaxed at first. To balance things out, your brain goes into overdrive producing stimulating chemicals. Once the alcohol wears off, you're left with an excess of these stimulants, which can lead to feelings of anxiety, restlessness, and a racing heart the next day.
Can even a small amount of alcohol, like one drink, cause mood swings? Yes, it's entirely possible. Everyone's body chemistry is different, and your sensitivity to alcohol can change based on factors like your stress levels, how much you've slept, or what you've eaten. For some people, even one drink is enough to disrupt the delicate balance of neurotransmitters, sleep patterns, and blood sugar, leading to noticeable shifts in their mood the following day.
If I cut back on alcohol, how long will it take for my mood to feel more stable? There isn't a universal timeline, as it's a gradual process that depends on your unique body and past drinking habits. However, many people notice positive changes fairly quickly. Improvements in sleep quality and hydration can happen within the first week, which can have an immediate positive effect on your mood. More significant emotional stability often builds over several weeks and months as your brain chemistry recalibrates and you develop new coping strategies.
Alcohol seems to help my depression in the moment. Why does the article say it makes it worse? This is the tricky cycle of self-medication. Alcohol can provide a temporary feeling of relief because it initially alters brain chemicals to numb emotional pain. Think of it as borrowing happiness from tomorrow. While it might feel like a short-term fix, it ultimately disrupts the very neurotransmitters that regulate your mood. Over time, this can worsen the underlying symptoms of depression, making the lows feel even lower and creating a dependency on alcohol for any relief at all.
What's the difference between a normal mood swing after drinking and a sign of a bigger problem? The key differences are frequency, intensity, and impact. An occasional bout of irritability after a night out is a fairly common physical reaction. It becomes a potential red flag when these mood swings happen regularly, are severe, or when you continue to drink despite knowing it's causing these emotional issues or creating problems in your relationships, work, or overall well-being. When the negative consequences start to outweigh the perceived benefits, it's a good time to take a closer look at your relationship with alcohol.
Explore the intricate relationship between alcohol use and trauma coping, examining why individuals turn to alcohol, the resulting vicious cycle, and healthier alternatives for managing trauma symptoms.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
Alcohol use and trauma are intricately linked, with many individuals turning to alcohol as a means of coping with the psychological and emotional aftermath of traumatic experiences. This relationship is complex and multifaceted, often leading to a vicious cycle where alcohol use exacerbates trauma symptoms, which in turn leads to increased alcohol consumption. In this article, we will explore how trauma affects individuals, why alcohol is often used as a coping mechanism, and healthier alternatives for managing trauma.
Trauma can be defined as an emotional response to a distressing or disturbing event that overwhelms an individual's ability to cope. It can result from various experiences, including physical or sexual assault, accidents, natural disasters, or ongoing emotional abuse. Trauma affects the brain and body in profound ways, often leading to long-term psychological and physical health issues.
Trauma generally falls into two categories:
Individuals who have experienced trauma may exhibit symptoms like anxiety, depression, flashbacks, and hypervigilance. These symptoms can be debilitating, affecting nearly every aspect of their lives.
Numerous studies have shown a significant correlation between trauma and alcohol misuse. For instance, approximately 75% of people who have survived abuse or violent traumatic events report having drinking problems. The risk is slightly higher for women, with studies indicating that women with PTSD are 2.5 times more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse than those without PTSD. Similarly, men with PTSD are twice as likely to misuse alcohol compared to men without the disorder.
Trauma survivors often turn to alcohol for several reasons:
However, while alcohol may provide temporary relief, it ultimately exacerbates trauma symptoms and leads to a dangerous cycle of dependence and increased trauma-related distress.
The relationship between alcohol and trauma is cyclical. While alcohol can temporarily dull the effects of trauma and help manage distress, it does not address the underlying causes. In fact, alcohol can increase symptoms such as anger, irritability, depression, and anxiety. This often leads to further alcohol consumption in an attempt to manage these heightened emotions, perpetuating a destructive cycle.
For example, many people with trauma have trouble sleeping due to traumatic memories. They might use alcohol to help them relax and get a good night's sleep. However, research confirms that alcohol disrupts sleep and reduces overall sleep quality, which in turn contributes to poor mood and anxiety, causing individuals to turn to alcohol for relief once again.
The long-term effects of using alcohol to cope with trauma can be severe, including:
Healing from trauma is possible, but it often requires professional treatment and the adoption of healthier coping mechanisms. Here are some effective strategies for managing trauma without turning to alcohol:
Participating in trauma-focused psychotherapy is one of the most effective ways to heal from trauma. Various types of therapy can be beneficial, including:
In some cases, medical professionals may prescribe medications to help manage trauma symptoms. Commonly prescribed medications include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Zoloft, Paxil, and Prozac, which can help control symptoms like sadness, anxiety, anger, and sleep problems.
In addition to professional treatment, self-care techniques can nourish mental and physical well-being and provide immediate relief. Some effective self-care strategies include:
Building a strong support system is crucial for individuals coping with trauma. This can include:
The relationship between alcohol use and coping with trauma is complex and often leads to a vicious cycle of increased distress and dependence. While alcohol may provide temporary relief, it ultimately exacerbates trauma symptoms and contributes to long-term health problems. Healing from trauma requires professional treatment, healthier coping mechanisms, and a strong support system. By adopting these strategies, individuals can manage their trauma more effectively and build a healthier, more fulfilling life.
Alcohol use and trauma are intricately linked, with many individuals turning to alcohol as a means of coping with the psychological and emotional aftermath of traumatic experiences. This relationship is complex and multifaceted, often leading to a vicious cycle where alcohol use exacerbates trauma symptoms, which in turn leads to increased alcohol consumption. In this article, we will explore how trauma affects individuals, why alcohol is often used as a coping mechanism, and healthier alternatives for managing trauma.
Trauma can be defined as an emotional response to a distressing or disturbing event that overwhelms an individual's ability to cope. It can result from various experiences, including physical or sexual assault, accidents, natural disasters, or ongoing emotional abuse. Trauma affects the brain and body in profound ways, often leading to long-term psychological and physical health issues.
Trauma generally falls into two categories:
Individuals who have experienced trauma may exhibit symptoms like anxiety, depression, flashbacks, and hypervigilance. These symptoms can be debilitating, affecting nearly every aspect of their lives.
Numerous studies have shown a significant correlation between trauma and alcohol misuse. For instance, approximately 75% of people who have survived abuse or violent traumatic events report having drinking problems. The risk is slightly higher for women, with studies indicating that women with PTSD are 2.5 times more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse than those without PTSD. Similarly, men with PTSD are twice as likely to misuse alcohol compared to men without the disorder.
Trauma survivors often turn to alcohol for several reasons:
However, while alcohol may provide temporary relief, it ultimately exacerbates trauma symptoms and leads to a dangerous cycle of dependence and increased trauma-related distress.
The relationship between alcohol and trauma is cyclical. While alcohol can temporarily dull the effects of trauma and help manage distress, it does not address the underlying causes. In fact, alcohol can increase symptoms such as anger, irritability, depression, and anxiety. This often leads to further alcohol consumption in an attempt to manage these heightened emotions, perpetuating a destructive cycle.
For example, many people with trauma have trouble sleeping due to traumatic memories. They might use alcohol to help them relax and get a good night's sleep. However, research confirms that alcohol disrupts sleep and reduces overall sleep quality, which in turn contributes to poor mood and anxiety, causing individuals to turn to alcohol for relief once again.
The long-term effects of using alcohol to cope with trauma can be severe, including:
Healing from trauma is possible, but it often requires professional treatment and the adoption of healthier coping mechanisms. Here are some effective strategies for managing trauma without turning to alcohol:
Participating in trauma-focused psychotherapy is one of the most effective ways to heal from trauma. Various types of therapy can be beneficial, including:
In some cases, medical professionals may prescribe medications to help manage trauma symptoms. Commonly prescribed medications include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Zoloft, Paxil, and Prozac, which can help control symptoms like sadness, anxiety, anger, and sleep problems.
In addition to professional treatment, self-care techniques can nourish mental and physical well-being and provide immediate relief. Some effective self-care strategies include:
Building a strong support system is crucial for individuals coping with trauma. This can include:
The relationship between alcohol use and coping with trauma is complex and often leads to a vicious cycle of increased distress and dependence. While alcohol may provide temporary relief, it ultimately exacerbates trauma symptoms and contributes to long-term health problems. Healing from trauma requires professional treatment, healthier coping mechanisms, and a strong support system. By adopting these strategies, individuals can manage their trauma more effectively and build a healthier, more fulfilling life.
Explore the emotional and psychological hurdles of alcohol withdrawal and discover effective coping strategies. This article provides insights into managing anxiety, mood swings, cravings, and more during the recovery process.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
Alcohol withdrawal is a complex and often daunting process. It involves not only physical symptoms but also significant emotional and psychological challenges. Understanding these challenges and learning strategies to cope can make a significant difference in your journey to sobriety. This article explores the emotional and psychological aspects of alcohol withdrawal and offers practical strategies to cope with them.
When someone who has been drinking heavily for weeks, months, or years suddenly stops or significantly reduces their alcohol intake, they may experience withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms occur as the brain and body adjust to the absence of alcohol, which they have become dependent on. The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms can vary widely depending on factors such as the duration and intensity of alcohol use, overall health, and individual differences.
During the withdrawal process, having a robust support system is crucial. Friends, family, and support groups can provide the emotional and psychological support needed to navigate this challenging time. Sharing your journey with others who understand what you're going through can reduce feelings of isolation and provide encouragement.
In the article Alcohol Withdrawal Timeline: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments, the various stages of alcohol withdrawal are detailed, providing a comprehensive understanding of what to expect during the withdrawal process. Knowing the timeline and symptoms can help you prepare and stay committed to your goals.
For more in-depth information on the duration and variability of withdrawal symptoms, the article How Long Do Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms Last? offers valuable insights. Understanding the factors that influence the severity and duration of withdrawal can help you better manage your expectations and plan accordingly.
Alcohol withdrawal is a challenging process that involves significant emotional and psychological hurdles. However, with the right strategies and support, it is possible to navigate these challenges successfully. Seeking support, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, practicing mindfulness, and staying informed can make a significant difference in your journey to sobriety. Remember, every step you take towards a healthier relationship with alcohol is a victory worth celebrating.
Alcohol withdrawal is a complex and often daunting process. It involves not only physical symptoms but also significant emotional and psychological challenges. Understanding these challenges and learning strategies to cope can make a significant difference in your journey to sobriety. This article explores the emotional and psychological aspects of alcohol withdrawal and offers practical strategies to cope with them.
When someone who has been drinking heavily for weeks, months, or years suddenly stops or significantly reduces their alcohol intake, they may experience withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms occur as the brain and body adjust to the absence of alcohol, which they have become dependent on. The severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms can vary widely depending on factors such as the duration and intensity of alcohol use, overall health, and individual differences.
During the withdrawal process, having a robust support system is crucial. Friends, family, and support groups can provide the emotional and psychological support needed to navigate this challenging time. Sharing your journey with others who understand what you're going through can reduce feelings of isolation and provide encouragement.
In the article Alcohol Withdrawal Timeline: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments, the various stages of alcohol withdrawal are detailed, providing a comprehensive understanding of what to expect during the withdrawal process. Knowing the timeline and symptoms can help you prepare and stay committed to your goals.
For more in-depth information on the duration and variability of withdrawal symptoms, the article How Long Do Alcohol Withdrawal Symptoms Last? offers valuable insights. Understanding the factors that influence the severity and duration of withdrawal can help you better manage your expectations and plan accordingly.
Alcohol withdrawal is a challenging process that involves significant emotional and psychological hurdles. However, with the right strategies and support, it is possible to navigate these challenges successfully. Seeking support, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, practicing mindfulness, and staying informed can make a significant difference in your journey to sobriety. Remember, every step you take towards a healthier relationship with alcohol is a victory worth celebrating.
AUD has lots of common features, but did you know there are 5 types of drinkers, as defined by the NIAAA? Learn all about the “5 types of alcoholism” in our latest blog!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
A college student spends weekend after weekend throwing back jello shots and frat party punch. A grad student at the university does the same and has to drop out, spending the rest of the year in rehab. A mother sips wine out of a juice bottle after a PTA meeting. A teenager sneaks sips of vodka out of her parents’ liquor cabinet. The homeless man on the sidewalk clutches a beer can in a paper bag.
Who is an “alcoholic”? Although you might be tempted to say, “It’s the last one,” it could easily be all five. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) doesn’t discriminate and comes in many forms, some of which can be harder to recognize than others. Let’s take a closer look at different types of alcoholism and how they lead to five distinct types of drinkers.
First things first: we have to know what we’re dealing with. AUD is a medical condition characterized by an inability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse consequences. As far as the science of AUD is concerned, it’s all about the brain: alcohol changes our neurochemistry in ways that can lead to misuse and, eventually, dependence. (For a deep dive, check out “Alcohol Misuse vs. Dependence: What's the Difference?”)
Over the years, there’s been much debate about the causes of AUD. Is it a habit? Is it a disease, and if so, is it genetic? Or is our environment at play? While answers remain murky, it’s clear that all of these factors can play a role. What starts out as a habit can morph into physical dependence, and certain genetic and social factors can set the process in motion.
What’s clear, though, is that there are certain hallmark characteristics of AUD:
Now that we have an idea of what AUD is, let’s take a deeper look at the five typical forms it tends to take.
While AUD has many common features, research by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has pinpointed five different types of drinkers, each with unique characteristics and needs. As NIAAA Director Ting-Kai Li explains,
“Clinicians have long recognized diverse manifestations of alcoholism, and researchers have tried to understand why some alcoholics improve with specific medications and psychotherapies while others do not. The classification system described in this study will have broad application in both clinical and research settings.”
Let’s take a closer look!
We’ll start with that college student — let’s call him Jason — who is finally on his own sharing a freshman dorm room with three other guys who, just like him, work hard during the week and play hard on the weekend. Only Jason’s week starts to become more and more weekend-heavy: there’s a beer and pizza special at the local bar on Thursdays (and no, they don’t check IDs), then weekly parties at the dance club on Wednesdays.
He pulls it off without a problem, making it all the way to senior year and graduating with honors. When it’s exam time, Jason is at the library studying. When his parents visit, he cleans up the beer cans from the counter, shoves the tequila bottle under his bed, and throws his wine-stained T-shirt in the hamper. It doesn’t cross his mind that anything is amiss — it’s college, after all! The best years of your life, right?
Except that for Jason, the party doesn’t stop well into his 20s. His friends are settling down, some are even having kids. But Jason doesn’t feel like slowing down — hey, we’re still young! Why not keep the fun times going?
According to the NIAAA, Jason is one of the many young adults who make up the most common types of drinkers — around 31.5%. They’re rarely daily drinkers, but when they do drink, they often consume alcohol in large quantities — what many refer to as "binge drinking."
These habits, in turn, can stick around and have long-lasting effects later in life. Booze can become a go-to way to manage stress, social anxiety, or the pressures of life as a young professional. With lines between problematic and social drinking frequently blurred in our 20s and early 30s, it can be hard to spot the problem before it progresses into the more severe stages of AUD.
There’s neuroscience behind the reasons why young people are especially susceptible to unhealthy drinking that progresses to AUD:
Jason struggled with alcohol use throughout his 20s, but found that AA and inpatient treatment wasn’t for him. Instead, he decided to dive into books on recovery. He continued on his journey with the Reframe app and found that its community of others who could sympathize especially helpful.
Sarah, a grad student in her late 20s, had a hard childhood. Her parents fought from the time she was a baby, exposing her to screaming matches and, later on, a bitter custody battle. As a result, she had trouble forming attachments and began showing traits of Conduct Disorder, even spending some time in juvenile detention after shoplifting makeup from a local pharmacy. As she grew up, she continued having trouble with relationships and started developing signs of Antisocial Personality Disorder.
Throughout this time, alcohol became a frequent companion for Sarah, who falls into the “young antisocial” type of AUD (about 21% of all cases). With booze freely available at home (her parents closed their eyes to the problem, if they even noticed it), Sarah developed a drinking habit in her teens. By the time she started her grad school career, she had all the hallmark signs of AUD and ended up at the emergency room after getting alcohol poisoning several times. She would start her day drinking a six-pack of hard apple cider just to stop the shakes, then attend her sociology lectures with wine in her coffee mug.
Neurological hallmarks of antisocial personality (ASP) make AUD more likely:
Eventually, Sarah had to drop out of the program and face her demons by going through inpatient treatment at a dual-diagnosis center. Still, it took years — the overlapping challenges of ASP and social anxiety made the already rough process even lengthier. She’s been working with a Reframe coach who specializes in trauma to help and encourage her along the way.
Samantha has it together. At just 32 years old, she’s the vice president of her publishing company, mother of two, and an active member of her school’s PTA. She has tons of friends, many of them other moms who get together frequently at her immaculate house with its manicured lawn and perfectly groomed labradoodles (adorable!). And yes, when her friends are over, there’s an obligatory bottle of wine (or three) on the coffee table. “Mommy juice, anyone?” Her husband even got her a T-shirt that says, “Kids in bed. House looks fine. Time for Mommy to drink some wine!”
And while to the outside world it looks like Samantha is on top of the world, she has a secret. Her wine habit has gotten out of control — way out of control. Like other “functional alcoholics” (which make up about 19.5% of the total), she seems to be handling her life well. However, she’s now drinking on a daily basis, starting earlier and earlier. At one point, she even started pouring wine into an empty juice bottle and taking sips during her PTA meeting. Embarrassing, yes. But not as embarrassing as being caught with her hands shaking as she’s passing out the flyers.
And while she’s still running every morning, she’s been noticing that her body is starting to stage a revolt: her lung capacity isn’t quite as high, her muscles ache, and her blood pressure has gotten higher. Maybe it’s all the stress? No, she knows it’s probably the booze. But she feels stuck, clinging on to the very thing that’s fueling her stress in an attempt to find relief.
From a neuroscience perspective, functional drinkers share certain traits:
After a friend confided in her about having the same problem, Sarah found a women’s support group that helped her get on track. Free from the prison of cognitive dissonance, she’s doing better than ever in her job and as a parent. And her body is breathing a sign of relief — in fact, she’s training for a marathon in a few months! Reframe is helping her stay on track, and she especially enjoys the community forum and monthly challenges.
Drinking has been the norm in Fran’s family. It fueled the fights between her parents for as long as she can remember, led her grandfather to develop diabetes, and kept her brother from completing his senior year of high school. That said, nobody treats it as the root of the problem — wine flows freely at family gatherings, while the fights, illnesses, and poor choices are blamed on anything but the booze. Stressful jobs, a sweet tooth, and plain old laziness — there’s always an explanation for the problem.
And so Fran doesn’t think twice about it. After all, she hasn’t lost a job or a husband. She’s still in school (and, on top of that, is the star of her volleyball team). She still thinks of alcohol as a crucial ingredient for having fun (“This restaurant doesn’t serve booze, so why bother going?”)
The “intermediate familial” subtype is common, making up about 19% of different types of alcoholism. Unfortunately, excessive drinking is “familiar” in both senses: it’s Fran’s go-to habit, and it literally “runs in the family.” Genetics and environment play a big role here, joining forces in a way that leaves us feeling helpless and stuck. (But rest assured, there’s hope! More on that later.)
Biology looms large in the case of the intermediate familial subtype:
After Fran came across a memoir written by someone with a similar type of experience and family background, something clicked. She realized she was going down the same path as many of her relatives, but also realized that she had a choice to take a different approach. So she did! Now she’s happily alcohol-free and enjoys checking out the Reframe app readings about the latest neuroscience research on the role that genetics and environment play in alcohol misuse.
And finally, there’s Tommy. Unlike the previous four, Tommy has no doubt that he has a problem — and neither does anyone else who runs into him sitting on the sidewalk with his “hidden” (but ever-so-obvious) bottle. He’s been to rehab more times than he can remember, has been warned about his dangerously high liver enzyme levels, and has even woken up in jail a few times for reasons he can’t remember no matter how hard he tries. He has also struggled with intrusive thoughts but doesn’t take the meds for schizophrenia that helped him at one point, about a decade ago.
And yet, his “chronic severe” subtype of alcoholism is actually the most rare, making up only 9% of the total. Chronic severe drinkers are likely to struggle with other psychiatric conditions, such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and other substance misuse problems. Unlike many of the other types of drinkers, they’re the most likely to seek help (which makes sense, given that the red flags are hard to miss). However, in spite of the fact that about two thirds seek treatment, the profound effects of alcohol can keep them trapped, leading to multiple attempts at recovery.
There are large-scale (and often devastating) changes that happen in the brain when we drink chronically for a long time:
Tommy’s road took a couple of years of trial and error, but once he found the right treatment team who addressed all of his mental health challenges along with his AUD (for which he ultimately found helpful medication), he found a way out. Once he did, he became really active in helping others, including those he met in the Reframe community.
While AUD is a major challenge, it’s crucial to keep in mind that recovery is possible. Yes, all five of our characters (even Tommy) can get better! If you think you might be in the same (or similar) boat, here are some places to start.
And remember, Reframe is here to help you every step of the way! The journey might seem daunting at first, but we have already helped millions of people just like you change their relationship with alcohol and go on to be the healthiest and happiest versions of themselves. It’s absolutely possible!
A college student spends weekend after weekend throwing back jello shots and frat party punch. A grad student at the university does the same and has to drop out, spending the rest of the year in rehab. A mother sips wine out of a juice bottle after a PTA meeting. A teenager sneaks sips of vodka out of her parents’ liquor cabinet. The homeless man on the sidewalk clutches a beer can in a paper bag.
Who is an “alcoholic”? Although you might be tempted to say, “It’s the last one,” it could easily be all five. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) doesn’t discriminate and comes in many forms, some of which can be harder to recognize than others. Let’s take a closer look at different types of alcoholism and how they lead to five distinct types of drinkers.
First things first: we have to know what we’re dealing with. AUD is a medical condition characterized by an inability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse consequences. As far as the science of AUD is concerned, it’s all about the brain: alcohol changes our neurochemistry in ways that can lead to misuse and, eventually, dependence. (For a deep dive, check out “Alcohol Misuse vs. Dependence: What's the Difference?”)
Over the years, there’s been much debate about the causes of AUD. Is it a habit? Is it a disease, and if so, is it genetic? Or is our environment at play? While answers remain murky, it’s clear that all of these factors can play a role. What starts out as a habit can morph into physical dependence, and certain genetic and social factors can set the process in motion.
What’s clear, though, is that there are certain hallmark characteristics of AUD:
Now that we have an idea of what AUD is, let’s take a deeper look at the five typical forms it tends to take.
While AUD has many common features, research by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) has pinpointed five different types of drinkers, each with unique characteristics and needs. As NIAAA Director Ting-Kai Li explains,
“Clinicians have long recognized diverse manifestations of alcoholism, and researchers have tried to understand why some alcoholics improve with specific medications and psychotherapies while others do not. The classification system described in this study will have broad application in both clinical and research settings.”
Let’s take a closer look!
We’ll start with that college student — let’s call him Jason — who is finally on his own sharing a freshman dorm room with three other guys who, just like him, work hard during the week and play hard on the weekend. Only Jason’s week starts to become more and more weekend-heavy: there’s a beer and pizza special at the local bar on Thursdays (and no, they don’t check IDs), then weekly parties at the dance club on Wednesdays.
He pulls it off without a problem, making it all the way to senior year and graduating with honors. When it’s exam time, Jason is at the library studying. When his parents visit, he cleans up the beer cans from the counter, shoves the tequila bottle under his bed, and throws his wine-stained T-shirt in the hamper. It doesn’t cross his mind that anything is amiss — it’s college, after all! The best years of your life, right?
Except that for Jason, the party doesn’t stop well into his 20s. His friends are settling down, some are even having kids. But Jason doesn’t feel like slowing down — hey, we’re still young! Why not keep the fun times going?
According to the NIAAA, Jason is one of the many young adults who make up the most common types of drinkers — around 31.5%. They’re rarely daily drinkers, but when they do drink, they often consume alcohol in large quantities — what many refer to as "binge drinking."
These habits, in turn, can stick around and have long-lasting effects later in life. Booze can become a go-to way to manage stress, social anxiety, or the pressures of life as a young professional. With lines between problematic and social drinking frequently blurred in our 20s and early 30s, it can be hard to spot the problem before it progresses into the more severe stages of AUD.
There’s neuroscience behind the reasons why young people are especially susceptible to unhealthy drinking that progresses to AUD:
Jason struggled with alcohol use throughout his 20s, but found that AA and inpatient treatment wasn’t for him. Instead, he decided to dive into books on recovery. He continued on his journey with the Reframe app and found that its community of others who could sympathize especially helpful.
Sarah, a grad student in her late 20s, had a hard childhood. Her parents fought from the time she was a baby, exposing her to screaming matches and, later on, a bitter custody battle. As a result, she had trouble forming attachments and began showing traits of Conduct Disorder, even spending some time in juvenile detention after shoplifting makeup from a local pharmacy. As she grew up, she continued having trouble with relationships and started developing signs of Antisocial Personality Disorder.
Throughout this time, alcohol became a frequent companion for Sarah, who falls into the “young antisocial” type of AUD (about 21% of all cases). With booze freely available at home (her parents closed their eyes to the problem, if they even noticed it), Sarah developed a drinking habit in her teens. By the time she started her grad school career, she had all the hallmark signs of AUD and ended up at the emergency room after getting alcohol poisoning several times. She would start her day drinking a six-pack of hard apple cider just to stop the shakes, then attend her sociology lectures with wine in her coffee mug.
Neurological hallmarks of antisocial personality (ASP) make AUD more likely:
Eventually, Sarah had to drop out of the program and face her demons by going through inpatient treatment at a dual-diagnosis center. Still, it took years — the overlapping challenges of ASP and social anxiety made the already rough process even lengthier. She’s been working with a Reframe coach who specializes in trauma to help and encourage her along the way.
Samantha has it together. At just 32 years old, she’s the vice president of her publishing company, mother of two, and an active member of her school’s PTA. She has tons of friends, many of them other moms who get together frequently at her immaculate house with its manicured lawn and perfectly groomed labradoodles (adorable!). And yes, when her friends are over, there’s an obligatory bottle of wine (or three) on the coffee table. “Mommy juice, anyone?” Her husband even got her a T-shirt that says, “Kids in bed. House looks fine. Time for Mommy to drink some wine!”
And while to the outside world it looks like Samantha is on top of the world, she has a secret. Her wine habit has gotten out of control — way out of control. Like other “functional alcoholics” (which make up about 19.5% of the total), she seems to be handling her life well. However, she’s now drinking on a daily basis, starting earlier and earlier. At one point, she even started pouring wine into an empty juice bottle and taking sips during her PTA meeting. Embarrassing, yes. But not as embarrassing as being caught with her hands shaking as she’s passing out the flyers.
And while she’s still running every morning, she’s been noticing that her body is starting to stage a revolt: her lung capacity isn’t quite as high, her muscles ache, and her blood pressure has gotten higher. Maybe it’s all the stress? No, she knows it’s probably the booze. But she feels stuck, clinging on to the very thing that’s fueling her stress in an attempt to find relief.
From a neuroscience perspective, functional drinkers share certain traits:
After a friend confided in her about having the same problem, Sarah found a women’s support group that helped her get on track. Free from the prison of cognitive dissonance, she’s doing better than ever in her job and as a parent. And her body is breathing a sign of relief — in fact, she’s training for a marathon in a few months! Reframe is helping her stay on track, and she especially enjoys the community forum and monthly challenges.
Drinking has been the norm in Fran’s family. It fueled the fights between her parents for as long as she can remember, led her grandfather to develop diabetes, and kept her brother from completing his senior year of high school. That said, nobody treats it as the root of the problem — wine flows freely at family gatherings, while the fights, illnesses, and poor choices are blamed on anything but the booze. Stressful jobs, a sweet tooth, and plain old laziness — there’s always an explanation for the problem.
And so Fran doesn’t think twice about it. After all, she hasn’t lost a job or a husband. She’s still in school (and, on top of that, is the star of her volleyball team). She still thinks of alcohol as a crucial ingredient for having fun (“This restaurant doesn’t serve booze, so why bother going?”)
The “intermediate familial” subtype is common, making up about 19% of different types of alcoholism. Unfortunately, excessive drinking is “familiar” in both senses: it’s Fran’s go-to habit, and it literally “runs in the family.” Genetics and environment play a big role here, joining forces in a way that leaves us feeling helpless and stuck. (But rest assured, there’s hope! More on that later.)
Biology looms large in the case of the intermediate familial subtype:
After Fran came across a memoir written by someone with a similar type of experience and family background, something clicked. She realized she was going down the same path as many of her relatives, but also realized that she had a choice to take a different approach. So she did! Now she’s happily alcohol-free and enjoys checking out the Reframe app readings about the latest neuroscience research on the role that genetics and environment play in alcohol misuse.
And finally, there’s Tommy. Unlike the previous four, Tommy has no doubt that he has a problem — and neither does anyone else who runs into him sitting on the sidewalk with his “hidden” (but ever-so-obvious) bottle. He’s been to rehab more times than he can remember, has been warned about his dangerously high liver enzyme levels, and has even woken up in jail a few times for reasons he can’t remember no matter how hard he tries. He has also struggled with intrusive thoughts but doesn’t take the meds for schizophrenia that helped him at one point, about a decade ago.
And yet, his “chronic severe” subtype of alcoholism is actually the most rare, making up only 9% of the total. Chronic severe drinkers are likely to struggle with other psychiatric conditions, such as depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, and other substance misuse problems. Unlike many of the other types of drinkers, they’re the most likely to seek help (which makes sense, given that the red flags are hard to miss). However, in spite of the fact that about two thirds seek treatment, the profound effects of alcohol can keep them trapped, leading to multiple attempts at recovery.
There are large-scale (and often devastating) changes that happen in the brain when we drink chronically for a long time:
Tommy’s road took a couple of years of trial and error, but once he found the right treatment team who addressed all of his mental health challenges along with his AUD (for which he ultimately found helpful medication), he found a way out. Once he did, he became really active in helping others, including those he met in the Reframe community.
While AUD is a major challenge, it’s crucial to keep in mind that recovery is possible. Yes, all five of our characters (even Tommy) can get better! If you think you might be in the same (or similar) boat, here are some places to start.
And remember, Reframe is here to help you every step of the way! The journey might seem daunting at first, but we have already helped millions of people just like you change their relationship with alcohol and go on to be the healthiest and happiest versions of themselves. It’s absolutely possible!
Alcohol and mental illness are related, but what’s the link? Check out our blog to unravel the science and separate fact from fiction in our latest blog. Is alcoholism considered a disease? And what are the signs to watch out for? We’ve got the answers!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
As the old saying goes, “First you take a drink, then the drink takes a drink, then the drink takes you.”
Incidentally, the saying is sometimes attributed to American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald. And while he almost certainly didn’t make it up, it’s worth noting that “the drink” really did take “the man” in his case. Caught in the grip of alcohol misuse for much of his adult life, the writer achieved a year of sobriety before his untimely death at age 44. Unfortunately, it seems that years of drinking and the health problems that came with it had already taken their toll.
But how did he get there? How does anyone, for that matter, get to the point where the drink “takes them”? Is alcoholism a mental illness that makes it impossible to untangle ourselves from its grip once it has a hold on us? The answer is a bit more complicated than we might think.
Nobody thinks it will happen to them. It starts out innocently enough: the first taste of alcohol, then regular drinks with friends on the weekend. Then the weekend starts on Thursday (or Wednesday, especially when the bar is having a two for one special or it’s been a rough week). Then it becomes a nightly thing. Eventually, we find ourselves too shaky to brush our teeth before tossing back a drink in the morning, or we wake up with our mind racing at 3 a.m. and quiet it with booze just so we can get a few hours of rest.
Whether or not we want to define ourselves as an “alcoholic,” there’s clearly a problem. And it’s getting worse at record speed.
But is alcoholism considered a disease? In many ways, this is the question of the century.
The short answer is yes, it is. But that wasn’t always the case. In the past, alcohol addiction has been seen as everything from a moral failing to a curse or demonic possession. Throughout the 19th century and at the cusp of the 20th, the scientific community recognized the physical “disease-like” nature of the problem. However, modern disease theory was still in its infancy and pre-Darwinian notions of “degenerationism” — a belief that moral failings were passed down from one generation to the next, leading to eventual extinction of entire family lines — loomed large.
As a result, those who found themselves in the grips of alcohol misuse were in a frustrating double bind: their problem was seen as a moral one, but they were “doomed” to succumb to it no matter what. Depressing indeed. (But don’t worry, as we move through the century, things start looking up.)
As the 20th century brought about improvements in the scientific understanding of the brain, the medical community increasingly looked at “alcoholism” as a disease. However, the lines between personal choice, habit, and compulsion remained blurry.
In fact, even the word “alcoholism” is a bit confusing. Someone who is an “alcoholic” is obviously suffering, but how much of their trouble is of their own doing? There’s an undeniable dose of judgment in the term.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) threw out the term “alcoholism” in favor of “alcohol abuse” and “alcohol dependence.” The difference is subtle, yet important: it’s not “us,” it’s “it” (or, more precisely, the way we’re using it).
In 2013, the definitions changed again — this time to “alcohol use disorder” (AUD). According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), “Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It encompasses the conditions that some people refer to as alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol addiction, and the colloquial term, alcoholism. Considered a brain disorder, AUD can be mild, moderate, or severe.”
The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines AUD as a psychiatric disorder. And in the sense that psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses are synonymous, we can say that yes, AUD is a “mental illness.”
But when exactly does the “disease” or “illness” start? The line between what starts out as a habit but progresses into physical dependence is, by definition, a blurry one. Nobody starts out planning to develop AUD, and yet most people drink socially for a good part of their adult lives. So how does a socially acceptable behavior morph into one we find on the pages of the DSM?
To clarify this situation, let’s start by looking at alcohol’s effect on the brain, since that’s what sets the process that eventually leads to AUD in motion. Then we’ll see how that effect changes as we continue to drink in excess.
It’s no secret that alcohol has a powerful effect on the brain. Here’s the gist:
For a deeper look, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain.” But for now, let’s turn our attention to the timeline of what happens as alcohol turns from a casual presence to a constant in our lives.
While alcohol has the same effect on everyone’s brain, the question of alcohol and mental health — specifically whether or not there’s a mental illness at play — is a bit more complicated. Let’s look at the stages through which the problem typically progresses: how casual use gets heavier and turns into misuse and dependence.
In This Naked Mind, Annie Grace describes dependence in this way:
“You drink to end the distress. The drink itself does not provide enjoyment, but you sincerely enjoy ending the nuisance of wanting a drink. The relief is so strong you feel happy, even giddy. You drink to get the feeling of peace that someone who is not dependent on alcohol always feels.”
At this point, we’re clearly in dangerous waters. The drink has “taken us.”
Once we reach dependence, a three-step cycle is set in motion. The NIAAA defines it as a repeating cycle with three stages. Each stage feeds into the next, and each person might go through it over the course of many weeks or even months. As our problem gets worse, however, we might find ourselves spinning through the stages several times a day, trapped in a roller coaster that leaves us more nauseous, disoriented, and exhausted with each turn. Here’s the pattern.
1. Binge/intoxication stage. At this stage, we give in to the craving to get the “reward” (such as alcohol). As a result, the cycle is set in motion.
2. Negative emotions/withdrawal stage. We feel bad about falling back into old patterns and might try to stop, only to suffer from withdrawal symptoms and stress that comes with them.
3. Preoccupation/anticipation stage. We start feeling better, but face cravings and eventually give in to impulsive actions, unable to exercise executive function.
Each of the stages in the cycle involves a different part of the brain. The basal ganglia is involved in the reward pathway activated by drinking; the extended amygdala is involved in the emotional turmoil that follows; and the prefrontal cortex (its inhibition, to be exact) comes into play in the inability to control our impulses. We’re stuck in one of the most frustrating types of prisons — one that locks us inside our own mind.
As if the situation weren’t challenging enough, there’s another complicating factor: AUD often comes with other disorders, some of which might be easier to categorize as “mental illnesses.” Here are the most common ones that tend to go in tandem with AUD.
While some of these disorders fall into the classic “mental illness” definition more easily, it’s often difficult to untangle their trajectory from that of AUD. For one thing, there’s a classic chicken-and-egg dilemma at play: it’s not always clear which condition comes first. Moreover, the symptoms — mood instability, impulsive behaviors, insomnia, and isolation, to name a few — tend to be similar. The conditions also affect one another in complex ways, taking turns at the wheel of what feels like a runaway train as we desperately try to hold on. (But don’t despair! We have good news ahead.)
A major source of hope that comes with defining a condition as an “illness” is that illnesses have cures (or, at least, treatments). Thankfully, AUD — as well as the co-occurring disorders that might come with it — are no exception.
AUD recovery is possible, and today there are more resources than ever available to help you along the way. Here’s an overview:
With these tips, you can set yourself up for success on the journey. We wish you the best of luck and are here to support you every step of the way! (For more information on AUD treatment approaches, check out “Understanding the Stages of Alcohol Use Disorder: Causes and Treatment” and “Types of Therapy for Alcohol Misuse.”)
In the end, instead of wondering whether AUD is a mental illness, we might be better off asking a different question: how do we get past it? And, just as importantly, how can we keep casual alcohol use from sliding into heavy use, misuse, and dependence? At Reframe, we’re here to help you tackle the problem head-on and support you every step of the way. Check out our vibrant community and science-backed program that makes quitting or cutting back easy, achievable, and fun!
As the old saying goes, “First you take a drink, then the drink takes a drink, then the drink takes you.”
Incidentally, the saying is sometimes attributed to American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald. And while he almost certainly didn’t make it up, it’s worth noting that “the drink” really did take “the man” in his case. Caught in the grip of alcohol misuse for much of his adult life, the writer achieved a year of sobriety before his untimely death at age 44. Unfortunately, it seems that years of drinking and the health problems that came with it had already taken their toll.
But how did he get there? How does anyone, for that matter, get to the point where the drink “takes them”? Is alcoholism a mental illness that makes it impossible to untangle ourselves from its grip once it has a hold on us? The answer is a bit more complicated than we might think.
Nobody thinks it will happen to them. It starts out innocently enough: the first taste of alcohol, then regular drinks with friends on the weekend. Then the weekend starts on Thursday (or Wednesday, especially when the bar is having a two for one special or it’s been a rough week). Then it becomes a nightly thing. Eventually, we find ourselves too shaky to brush our teeth before tossing back a drink in the morning, or we wake up with our mind racing at 3 a.m. and quiet it with booze just so we can get a few hours of rest.
Whether or not we want to define ourselves as an “alcoholic,” there’s clearly a problem. And it’s getting worse at record speed.
But is alcoholism considered a disease? In many ways, this is the question of the century.
The short answer is yes, it is. But that wasn’t always the case. In the past, alcohol addiction has been seen as everything from a moral failing to a curse or demonic possession. Throughout the 19th century and at the cusp of the 20th, the scientific community recognized the physical “disease-like” nature of the problem. However, modern disease theory was still in its infancy and pre-Darwinian notions of “degenerationism” — a belief that moral failings were passed down from one generation to the next, leading to eventual extinction of entire family lines — loomed large.
As a result, those who found themselves in the grips of alcohol misuse were in a frustrating double bind: their problem was seen as a moral one, but they were “doomed” to succumb to it no matter what. Depressing indeed. (But don’t worry, as we move through the century, things start looking up.)
As the 20th century brought about improvements in the scientific understanding of the brain, the medical community increasingly looked at “alcoholism” as a disease. However, the lines between personal choice, habit, and compulsion remained blurry.
In fact, even the word “alcoholism” is a bit confusing. Someone who is an “alcoholic” is obviously suffering, but how much of their trouble is of their own doing? There’s an undeniable dose of judgment in the term.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) threw out the term “alcoholism” in favor of “alcohol abuse” and “alcohol dependence.” The difference is subtle, yet important: it’s not “us,” it’s “it” (or, more precisely, the way we’re using it).
In 2013, the definitions changed again — this time to “alcohol use disorder” (AUD). According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), “Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It encompasses the conditions that some people refer to as alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol addiction, and the colloquial term, alcoholism. Considered a brain disorder, AUD can be mild, moderate, or severe.”
The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines AUD as a psychiatric disorder. And in the sense that psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses are synonymous, we can say that yes, AUD is a “mental illness.”
But when exactly does the “disease” or “illness” start? The line between what starts out as a habit but progresses into physical dependence is, by definition, a blurry one. Nobody starts out planning to develop AUD, and yet most people drink socially for a good part of their adult lives. So how does a socially acceptable behavior morph into one we find on the pages of the DSM?
To clarify this situation, let’s start by looking at alcohol’s effect on the brain, since that’s what sets the process that eventually leads to AUD in motion. Then we’ll see how that effect changes as we continue to drink in excess.
It’s no secret that alcohol has a powerful effect on the brain. Here’s the gist:
For a deeper look, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain.” But for now, let’s turn our attention to the timeline of what happens as alcohol turns from a casual presence to a constant in our lives.
While alcohol has the same effect on everyone’s brain, the question of alcohol and mental health — specifically whether or not there’s a mental illness at play — is a bit more complicated. Let’s look at the stages through which the problem typically progresses: how casual use gets heavier and turns into misuse and dependence.
In This Naked Mind, Annie Grace describes dependence in this way:
“You drink to end the distress. The drink itself does not provide enjoyment, but you sincerely enjoy ending the nuisance of wanting a drink. The relief is so strong you feel happy, even giddy. You drink to get the feeling of peace that someone who is not dependent on alcohol always feels.”
At this point, we’re clearly in dangerous waters. The drink has “taken us.”
Once we reach dependence, a three-step cycle is set in motion. The NIAAA defines it as a repeating cycle with three stages. Each stage feeds into the next, and each person might go through it over the course of many weeks or even months. As our problem gets worse, however, we might find ourselves spinning through the stages several times a day, trapped in a roller coaster that leaves us more nauseous, disoriented, and exhausted with each turn. Here’s the pattern.
1. Binge/intoxication stage. At this stage, we give in to the craving to get the “reward” (such as alcohol). As a result, the cycle is set in motion.
2. Negative emotions/withdrawal stage. We feel bad about falling back into old patterns and might try to stop, only to suffer from withdrawal symptoms and stress that comes with them.
3. Preoccupation/anticipation stage. We start feeling better, but face cravings and eventually give in to impulsive actions, unable to exercise executive function.
Each of the stages in the cycle involves a different part of the brain. The basal ganglia is involved in the reward pathway activated by drinking; the extended amygdala is involved in the emotional turmoil that follows; and the prefrontal cortex (its inhibition, to be exact) comes into play in the inability to control our impulses. We’re stuck in one of the most frustrating types of prisons — one that locks us inside our own mind.
As if the situation weren’t challenging enough, there’s another complicating factor: AUD often comes with other disorders, some of which might be easier to categorize as “mental illnesses.” Here are the most common ones that tend to go in tandem with AUD.
While some of these disorders fall into the classic “mental illness” definition more easily, it’s often difficult to untangle their trajectory from that of AUD. For one thing, there’s a classic chicken-and-egg dilemma at play: it’s not always clear which condition comes first. Moreover, the symptoms — mood instability, impulsive behaviors, insomnia, and isolation, to name a few — tend to be similar. The conditions also affect one another in complex ways, taking turns at the wheel of what feels like a runaway train as we desperately try to hold on. (But don’t despair! We have good news ahead.)
A major source of hope that comes with defining a condition as an “illness” is that illnesses have cures (or, at least, treatments). Thankfully, AUD — as well as the co-occurring disorders that might come with it — are no exception.
AUD recovery is possible, and today there are more resources than ever available to help you along the way. Here’s an overview:
With these tips, you can set yourself up for success on the journey. We wish you the best of luck and are here to support you every step of the way! (For more information on AUD treatment approaches, check out “Understanding the Stages of Alcohol Use Disorder: Causes and Treatment” and “Types of Therapy for Alcohol Misuse.”)
In the end, instead of wondering whether AUD is a mental illness, we might be better off asking a different question: how do we get past it? And, just as importantly, how can we keep casual alcohol use from sliding into heavy use, misuse, and dependence? At Reframe, we’re here to help you tackle the problem head-on and support you every step of the way. Check out our vibrant community and science-backed program that makes quitting or cutting back easy, achievable, and fun!
Explore the complex relationship between alcohol consumption and its exacerbation of depressive symptoms, highlighting the immediate and long-term psychological impacts, and offering strategies for healthier habits.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Alcohol has long been used as a social lubricant and a means of relaxation. However, its impact on mental health, particularly its ability to exacerbate depressive symptoms, is often overlooked or underestimated. Understanding the complex relationship between alcohol and depression is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and improve their overall well-being.
At first glance, alcohol might seem like a mood enhancer. It often makes us feel more sociable, relaxed, and temporarily happy. However, alcohol is, in fact, a depressant. This dual nature can be misleading, as the initial euphoria quickly gives way to a host of negative psychological effects.
When you consume alcohol, it initially stimulates the release of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical. This surge in dopamine can create a temporary sense of euphoria. However, this feeling is short-lived. As alcohol continues to affect the central nervous system, it begins to slow down brain activity, leading to impaired judgment, reduced inhibitions, and eventually, a depressive state.
For more on the immediate and lasting impacts of alcohol on mental health, check out our article on How Alcohol Worsens Your Mental Health.
Regular alcohol consumption can lead to significant changes in brain chemistry. Over time, alcohol reduces the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which are essential for regulating mood. Lower levels of these chemicals can lead to increased feelings of depression and anxiety.
Additionally, chronic alcohol use can increase the production of dynorphin, a chemical that contributes to feelings of dysphoria and depression. This creates a vicious cycle where individuals may drink more to alleviate their depressive symptoms, only to find that their condition worsens over time.
For a deeper dive into how alcohol affects brain chemistry and mental health, read our detailed article on The Connection Between Alcohol and Mental Health.
Many people turn to alcohol as a form of self-medication to cope with stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms. While this might provide temporary relief, it often leads to a worsening of symptoms in the long run. Alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, increase anxiety, and create a dependency that makes it even harder to manage depressive symptoms without it.
Studies have shown that persistent and excessive drinking can significantly increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Alcohol misuse can aggravate pre-existing depressive symptoms, making it more difficult for individuals to find effective treatment.
For more information on how alcohol can serve as a depressant and its broader implications, you can read our article on Is Alcohol a Depressant? What Does It Mean?.
Alcohol disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are crucial for mood regulation. Chronic alcohol use can lead to a decrease in serotonin levels, contributing to depressive symptoms. Moreover, alcohol-induced changes in the brain's reward system can make it more challenging to experience pleasure from everyday activities, further exacerbating depression.
Alcohol consumption triggers the release of cortisol, a stress hormone. Elevated cortisol levels can alter brain chemistry and negatively impact the body's ability to handle stress. Over time, this can lead to heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms, creating a cycle that is difficult to break.
One of the most effective ways to improve mental health and reduce depressive symptoms is to cut back on alcohol consumption. Even small reductions can lead to significant improvements in mood and overall well-being.
Finding healthier ways to cope with stress and anxiety is crucial. Exercise, meditation, and engaging in hobbies can provide natural mood boosts and help manage depressive symptoms without relying on alcohol.
If you find it difficult to reduce alcohol consumption on your own, seeking professional help can be beneficial. Therapists and counselors can provide strategies and support to help you manage both your alcohol use and depressive symptoms effectively.
While alcohol might seem like a quick fix for stress or a way to unwind, its long-term impact on mental health can be detrimental. Understanding the relationship between alcohol and depression is essential for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By reducing alcohol consumption and finding alternative ways to manage stress and anxiety, you can improve your mental well-being and break the cycle of alcohol-induced depression.
Alcohol has long been used as a social lubricant and a means of relaxation. However, its impact on mental health, particularly its ability to exacerbate depressive symptoms, is often overlooked or underestimated. Understanding the complex relationship between alcohol and depression is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and improve their overall well-being.
At first glance, alcohol might seem like a mood enhancer. It often makes us feel more sociable, relaxed, and temporarily happy. However, alcohol is, in fact, a depressant. This dual nature can be misleading, as the initial euphoria quickly gives way to a host of negative psychological effects.
When you consume alcohol, it initially stimulates the release of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical. This surge in dopamine can create a temporary sense of euphoria. However, this feeling is short-lived. As alcohol continues to affect the central nervous system, it begins to slow down brain activity, leading to impaired judgment, reduced inhibitions, and eventually, a depressive state.
For more on the immediate and lasting impacts of alcohol on mental health, check out our article on How Alcohol Worsens Your Mental Health.
Regular alcohol consumption can lead to significant changes in brain chemistry. Over time, alcohol reduces the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which are essential for regulating mood. Lower levels of these chemicals can lead to increased feelings of depression and anxiety.
Additionally, chronic alcohol use can increase the production of dynorphin, a chemical that contributes to feelings of dysphoria and depression. This creates a vicious cycle where individuals may drink more to alleviate their depressive symptoms, only to find that their condition worsens over time.
For a deeper dive into how alcohol affects brain chemistry and mental health, read our detailed article on The Connection Between Alcohol and Mental Health.
Many people turn to alcohol as a form of self-medication to cope with stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms. While this might provide temporary relief, it often leads to a worsening of symptoms in the long run. Alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, increase anxiety, and create a dependency that makes it even harder to manage depressive symptoms without it.
Studies have shown that persistent and excessive drinking can significantly increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Alcohol misuse can aggravate pre-existing depressive symptoms, making it more difficult for individuals to find effective treatment.
For more information on how alcohol can serve as a depressant and its broader implications, you can read our article on Is Alcohol a Depressant? What Does It Mean?.
Alcohol disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are crucial for mood regulation. Chronic alcohol use can lead to a decrease in serotonin levels, contributing to depressive symptoms. Moreover, alcohol-induced changes in the brain's reward system can make it more challenging to experience pleasure from everyday activities, further exacerbating depression.
Alcohol consumption triggers the release of cortisol, a stress hormone. Elevated cortisol levels can alter brain chemistry and negatively impact the body's ability to handle stress. Over time, this can lead to heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms, creating a cycle that is difficult to break.
One of the most effective ways to improve mental health and reduce depressive symptoms is to cut back on alcohol consumption. Even small reductions can lead to significant improvements in mood and overall well-being.
Finding healthier ways to cope with stress and anxiety is crucial. Exercise, meditation, and engaging in hobbies can provide natural mood boosts and help manage depressive symptoms without relying on alcohol.
If you find it difficult to reduce alcohol consumption on your own, seeking professional help can be beneficial. Therapists and counselors can provide strategies and support to help you manage both your alcohol use and depressive symptoms effectively.
While alcohol might seem like a quick fix for stress or a way to unwind, its long-term impact on mental health can be detrimental. Understanding the relationship between alcohol and depression is essential for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By reducing alcohol consumption and finding alternative ways to manage stress and anxiety, you can improve your mental well-being and break the cycle of alcohol-induced depression.
Explore the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and discover effective mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during this high-pressure social event, often marked by excessive drinking.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Blackout Wednesday, also known as "Drinksgiving," marks the night before Thanksgiving and is notorious for heavy drinking, particularly among college students and young adults. The combination of reuniting with old friends and the extended holiday break often leads to excessive alcohol consumption. This article delves into the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and offers mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during such social pressures.
Blackout Wednesday has grown in cultural significance, especially among younger generations. It is a night of reunions and celebrations, often centered around alcohol. The informal nature of the event, coupled with the fact that most people don't have work the next day, makes it a prime time for binge drinking. However, this can lead to dangerous behaviors and significant health risks.
The pressures to participate in Blackout Wednesday can be immense. Here are some key psychological factors at play:
Understanding these pressures helps in developing strategies to navigate them effectively.
Maintaining sobriety during Blackout Wednesday requires a combination of mental preparation, support systems, and practical strategies. Here are some effective strategies:
Before heading out, set clear intentions about your drinking goals. Whether you plan to stay completely sober or limit your alcohol intake, having a clear plan can help you stay committed. Reflect on your reasons for wanting to stay sober and remind yourself of the benefits.
Adopt a mindful approach to celebrations. Focus on the quality of interactions rather than the quantity of drinks. Engage in meaningful conversations and activities that do not revolve around alcohol. This shift in focus can help reduce the temptation to drink excessively.
Surround yourself with friends and family who respect your decision to stay sober. Having a support system can provide encouragement and accountability. If you feel comfortable, communicate your intentions to stay sober to your friends, and ask for their support.
Plan alternative activities that do not involve alcohol. For instance, you can host a game night, go to a movie, or participate in a physical activity like bowling or hiking. Engaging in these activities can provide a fun and fulfilling way to spend the evening without drinking.
Bring your own alcohol-free beverages to social gatherings. This ensures you have something to drink and helps you avoid the temptation of alcoholic drinks. There are many delicious non-alcoholic options available, from sparkling water to mocktails.
Take care of your mental and physical health. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat nutritious foods, and engage in regular physical activity. Practicing self-care can boost your overall well-being and make it easier to resist the urge to drink.
It’s important to learn to say no confidently. If someone offers you a drink, politely decline and stick to your decision. You can prepare responses in advance, such as, “No thanks, I’m not drinking tonight,” or “I’m taking a break from alcohol.”
If you find it challenging to stay sober, consider seeking professional help. Therapists and support groups can provide valuable guidance and support. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping individuals develop coping strategies and change detrimental thought patterns.
Focus on staying present in the moment. Mindfulness practices, such as deep breathing exercises and meditation, can help you stay grounded and reduce anxiety. Staying present allows you to enjoy the moment without feeling the need to escape through alcohol.
After the event, take time to reflect on your experience. Celebrate your successes and acknowledge any challenges you faced. Reflecting on your progress can provide valuable insights and strengthen your commitment to maintaining sobriety in the future.
By understanding the pressures of Blackout Wednesday and employing these mental health strategies, you can maintain your sobriety and enjoy the festivities without compromising your well-being.
Blackout Wednesday, also known as "Drinksgiving," marks the night before Thanksgiving and is notorious for heavy drinking, particularly among college students and young adults. The combination of reuniting with old friends and the extended holiday break often leads to excessive alcohol consumption. This article delves into the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and offers mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during such social pressures.
Blackout Wednesday has grown in cultural significance, especially among younger generations. It is a night of reunions and celebrations, often centered around alcohol. The informal nature of the event, coupled with the fact that most people don't have work the next day, makes it a prime time for binge drinking. However, this can lead to dangerous behaviors and significant health risks.
The pressures to participate in Blackout Wednesday can be immense. Here are some key psychological factors at play:
Understanding these pressures helps in developing strategies to navigate them effectively.
Maintaining sobriety during Blackout Wednesday requires a combination of mental preparation, support systems, and practical strategies. Here are some effective strategies:
Before heading out, set clear intentions about your drinking goals. Whether you plan to stay completely sober or limit your alcohol intake, having a clear plan can help you stay committed. Reflect on your reasons for wanting to stay sober and remind yourself of the benefits.
Adopt a mindful approach to celebrations. Focus on the quality of interactions rather than the quantity of drinks. Engage in meaningful conversations and activities that do not revolve around alcohol. This shift in focus can help reduce the temptation to drink excessively.
Surround yourself with friends and family who respect your decision to stay sober. Having a support system can provide encouragement and accountability. If you feel comfortable, communicate your intentions to stay sober to your friends, and ask for their support.
Plan alternative activities that do not involve alcohol. For instance, you can host a game night, go to a movie, or participate in a physical activity like bowling or hiking. Engaging in these activities can provide a fun and fulfilling way to spend the evening without drinking.
Bring your own alcohol-free beverages to social gatherings. This ensures you have something to drink and helps you avoid the temptation of alcoholic drinks. There are many delicious non-alcoholic options available, from sparkling water to mocktails.
Take care of your mental and physical health. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat nutritious foods, and engage in regular physical activity. Practicing self-care can boost your overall well-being and make it easier to resist the urge to drink.
It’s important to learn to say no confidently. If someone offers you a drink, politely decline and stick to your decision. You can prepare responses in advance, such as, “No thanks, I’m not drinking tonight,” or “I’m taking a break from alcohol.”
If you find it challenging to stay sober, consider seeking professional help. Therapists and support groups can provide valuable guidance and support. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping individuals develop coping strategies and change detrimental thought patterns.
Focus on staying present in the moment. Mindfulness practices, such as deep breathing exercises and meditation, can help you stay grounded and reduce anxiety. Staying present allows you to enjoy the moment without feeling the need to escape through alcohol.
After the event, take time to reflect on your experience. Celebrate your successes and acknowledge any challenges you faced. Reflecting on your progress can provide valuable insights and strengthen your commitment to maintaining sobriety in the future.
By understanding the pressures of Blackout Wednesday and employing these mental health strategies, you can maintain your sobriety and enjoy the festivities without compromising your well-being.
Does alcohol make you tell the truth? Science says not really. Plus, more people than ever are lying about drinking itself. Learn more in our latest blog!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
There’s an episode of Seinfeld that opens with a bit Jerry does about medical tests and our all-too-common urge to “do well”:
“Remember in school, they'd do hearing tests? And you'd really be listening, you know … Trying to do well … I wanted to do unbelievable on that hearing test. I wanted them to come to me after the hearing test and go: ‘We think you may have something close to super hearing. We're sending the results to Washington. We'd like you to meet the president.’"
Unfortunately, this urge to “do well” can come at a hefty price when it comes to lying about our drinking habits. Imagine you’re at the doctor’s office for an annual physical. You know that question is coming … on an average week, how much do you drink? You do a quick tally in your head and respond, “five, maybe six drinks?” But it’s actually 10. Or 15. Or maybe even a lot more.
There are lots of reasons for being less than truthful. Maybe you counted that restaurant “glass” of wine as one drink when it’s actually 2 and a half. Maybe you’re embarrassed to give the actual number. Maybe you’ve simply lost track.
Whatever the case may be, the question is important and leads to the larger topic of alcohol and telling (or not telling) the truth. Does alcohol make you tell the truth when you’re under the influence? Or does it actually do the opposite? And what about lying about drinking — why does it seem to be so common?
Do people tell the truth when drunk? Many people would probably say yes. After all, loosening up and getting chatty (sometimes a bit too chatty) is a classic effect of booze.
Alcohol is often seen as the ultimate “truth serum.” Another Seinfeld episode illustrates this: Elaine and the peach Schnapps, which (apparently without her consent) makes her “tell the truth.” Given how prone most Seinfeld characters are to fibbing (whether under the influence or not), the effect is quite dramatic. Relationships are strained, a destination wedding erupts in a fist fight, and the characters return with physical injuries on top of nasty hangovers. And, of course, it’s all very funny — at least on TV.
In reality, however, things get more serious. Alcohol affects the brain in a number of ways, and our truth-telling abilities get affected in the process. Here’s the gist.
So does alcohol make you tell the truth? As we can see, the answer depends on what we mean by “truth.” By temporarily messing with the brain’s self-regulating properties, it prevents us from hitting the brakes when it comes to oversharing. However, it also skews the content of what we’re sharing in the first place, distorting the accuracy of our stories.
But what about lying about drinking itself? Do people do it? Oh, yes. You bet they do. According to an American Addiction Centers survey that asked 3,000 Americans if they tell their doctors the truth about their drinking, around 1 in 5 (21%) admitted to telling an occasional (or not-so-occasional) fib. Men were a bit more likely to lie, making up 60% of the fibbers.
It’s worth noting that doctors can usually tell if we bend the truth. For example, as Ohio physician Amber Tully told The Huffington Post, there are other indicators of drinking: “For instance, triglycerides might be high in someone who drinks a lot, or I could see certain elevated enzymes if I’m testing liver function. High blood pressure in someone with no other risk factors might clue me into excessive drinking.”
The body keeps score, as they say.
We’re not helping ourselves by lying to the physician who is there to help us. If you’re thinking, “What’s the harm in bending the truth a little,” well, there are quite a few reasons.
So why do people do it, especially in an ultra-private (HIPAA-protected) context? Especially one where the stakes — our health — are some of the highest?
The distortion of reality we just talked about is only part of the reason. There are other issues at play. Let's explore!
Let’s start by giving ourselves the benefit of the doubt. Maybe we made an honest mistake! After all, it can be difficult to count those drinks (or count anything, for that matter) once we get going.
Moreover, we might be confused about what “counts” as a drink in the first place. Picture a “glass of wine,” for instance. In the U.S., a “standard drink” (or one “unit”) is defined as 14 grams of pure alcohol.
For wine, this adds up to a 5 oz. serving, or one “glass.” However, anything from a thimble to a pitcher could technically be called a “glass.” And, of course, the amount of alcohol units inside doesn’t automatically adjust to the name of the drinkware we use to put it in: just because it fits in one glass doesn’t mean it’s “one drink.” You know those jumbo-sized ones at restaurants? They can easily hold two or more. (To learn more, check out “Alcohol Units.”)
Further down the “innocence scale,” there’s denial.
The truth is, alcohol is addictive. By releasing a cocktail (pardon the pun) of pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters such as dopamine, alcohol hijacks the brain’s reward system, making us come back for more. Over time, our drinking can slide into misuse and, eventually dependence — we feel as if we “need” alcohol to feel normal and might experience withdrawal symptoms if we attempt to stop.
This gradual slip into alcohol misuse might go unnoticed for a time, but it’s likely that, at a certain point, we’ll start questioning our habits and worrying about the health consequences. At the same time, the addictive pull of booze makes it difficult to let go or cut back.
The result is cognitive dissonance: we want something more and more, all the while wishing we didn’t want it. Since cognitive dissonance is a stressful state to be in, the brain “mutes” one of the competing voices to stop the mental struggle. In other words, we start to side with our own “preferred” version of reality (or, to put it bluntly, we believe our own lies).
Eventually, we come to the point where denial doesn’t quite hold up anymore. As much as we’d like to keep believing our own version of reality, we simply can’t anymore. At this point, we’re likely to feel ashamed.
The silver lining? Shame can also be the way out. Let’s see how it can help us get out of the trap set by alcohol as we explore the way back to the truth. (For more information, check out “Regret and Shame: Harnessing Their Power in Your Journey.”)
Before you start feeling hopeless with all this talk of lies, shame, and regret — relax. We’ve got great news for you! Just as we can lose touch with our authentic selves when alcohol is in the picture, we can find our way back.
If you commit to being honest with yourself about your drinking habits, the rest of the pieces will fall into place. It’s never too late, and in time you can rediscover a version of yourself that’s happier and healthier than the one looking back at you in the mirror today.
The most exciting part? There are no limits here. Many find that once they start their journey of self-discovery, the result is a level of well-being they’ve never experienced before, with, or without alcohol. Challenges help us grow into versions of ourselves that surpass our own expectations.
And those healthy habits truly do add up. As Gretchen Rubin writes in Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives, “Habits are the invisible architecture of daily life. We repeat about 40 percent of our behavior almost daily, so our habits shape our existence, and our future. If we change our habits, we change our lives.”
There’s an episode of Seinfeld that opens with a bit Jerry does about medical tests and our all-too-common urge to “do well”:
“Remember in school, they'd do hearing tests? And you'd really be listening, you know … Trying to do well … I wanted to do unbelievable on that hearing test. I wanted them to come to me after the hearing test and go: ‘We think you may have something close to super hearing. We're sending the results to Washington. We'd like you to meet the president.’"
Unfortunately, this urge to “do well” can come at a hefty price when it comes to lying about our drinking habits. Imagine you’re at the doctor’s office for an annual physical. You know that question is coming … on an average week, how much do you drink? You do a quick tally in your head and respond, “five, maybe six drinks?” But it’s actually 10. Or 15. Or maybe even a lot more.
There are lots of reasons for being less than truthful. Maybe you counted that restaurant “glass” of wine as one drink when it’s actually 2 and a half. Maybe you’re embarrassed to give the actual number. Maybe you’ve simply lost track.
Whatever the case may be, the question is important and leads to the larger topic of alcohol and telling (or not telling) the truth. Does alcohol make you tell the truth when you’re under the influence? Or does it actually do the opposite? And what about lying about drinking — why does it seem to be so common?
Do people tell the truth when drunk? Many people would probably say yes. After all, loosening up and getting chatty (sometimes a bit too chatty) is a classic effect of booze.
Alcohol is often seen as the ultimate “truth serum.” Another Seinfeld episode illustrates this: Elaine and the peach Schnapps, which (apparently without her consent) makes her “tell the truth.” Given how prone most Seinfeld characters are to fibbing (whether under the influence or not), the effect is quite dramatic. Relationships are strained, a destination wedding erupts in a fist fight, and the characters return with physical injuries on top of nasty hangovers. And, of course, it’s all very funny — at least on TV.
In reality, however, things get more serious. Alcohol affects the brain in a number of ways, and our truth-telling abilities get affected in the process. Here’s the gist.
So does alcohol make you tell the truth? As we can see, the answer depends on what we mean by “truth.” By temporarily messing with the brain’s self-regulating properties, it prevents us from hitting the brakes when it comes to oversharing. However, it also skews the content of what we’re sharing in the first place, distorting the accuracy of our stories.
But what about lying about drinking itself? Do people do it? Oh, yes. You bet they do. According to an American Addiction Centers survey that asked 3,000 Americans if they tell their doctors the truth about their drinking, around 1 in 5 (21%) admitted to telling an occasional (or not-so-occasional) fib. Men were a bit more likely to lie, making up 60% of the fibbers.
It’s worth noting that doctors can usually tell if we bend the truth. For example, as Ohio physician Amber Tully told The Huffington Post, there are other indicators of drinking: “For instance, triglycerides might be high in someone who drinks a lot, or I could see certain elevated enzymes if I’m testing liver function. High blood pressure in someone with no other risk factors might clue me into excessive drinking.”
The body keeps score, as they say.
We’re not helping ourselves by lying to the physician who is there to help us. If you’re thinking, “What’s the harm in bending the truth a little,” well, there are quite a few reasons.
So why do people do it, especially in an ultra-private (HIPAA-protected) context? Especially one where the stakes — our health — are some of the highest?
The distortion of reality we just talked about is only part of the reason. There are other issues at play. Let's explore!
Let’s start by giving ourselves the benefit of the doubt. Maybe we made an honest mistake! After all, it can be difficult to count those drinks (or count anything, for that matter) once we get going.
Moreover, we might be confused about what “counts” as a drink in the first place. Picture a “glass of wine,” for instance. In the U.S., a “standard drink” (or one “unit”) is defined as 14 grams of pure alcohol.
For wine, this adds up to a 5 oz. serving, or one “glass.” However, anything from a thimble to a pitcher could technically be called a “glass.” And, of course, the amount of alcohol units inside doesn’t automatically adjust to the name of the drinkware we use to put it in: just because it fits in one glass doesn’t mean it’s “one drink.” You know those jumbo-sized ones at restaurants? They can easily hold two or more. (To learn more, check out “Alcohol Units.”)
Further down the “innocence scale,” there’s denial.
The truth is, alcohol is addictive. By releasing a cocktail (pardon the pun) of pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters such as dopamine, alcohol hijacks the brain’s reward system, making us come back for more. Over time, our drinking can slide into misuse and, eventually dependence — we feel as if we “need” alcohol to feel normal and might experience withdrawal symptoms if we attempt to stop.
This gradual slip into alcohol misuse might go unnoticed for a time, but it’s likely that, at a certain point, we’ll start questioning our habits and worrying about the health consequences. At the same time, the addictive pull of booze makes it difficult to let go or cut back.
The result is cognitive dissonance: we want something more and more, all the while wishing we didn’t want it. Since cognitive dissonance is a stressful state to be in, the brain “mutes” one of the competing voices to stop the mental struggle. In other words, we start to side with our own “preferred” version of reality (or, to put it bluntly, we believe our own lies).
Eventually, we come to the point where denial doesn’t quite hold up anymore. As much as we’d like to keep believing our own version of reality, we simply can’t anymore. At this point, we’re likely to feel ashamed.
The silver lining? Shame can also be the way out. Let’s see how it can help us get out of the trap set by alcohol as we explore the way back to the truth. (For more information, check out “Regret and Shame: Harnessing Their Power in Your Journey.”)
Before you start feeling hopeless with all this talk of lies, shame, and regret — relax. We’ve got great news for you! Just as we can lose touch with our authentic selves when alcohol is in the picture, we can find our way back.
If you commit to being honest with yourself about your drinking habits, the rest of the pieces will fall into place. It’s never too late, and in time you can rediscover a version of yourself that’s happier and healthier than the one looking back at you in the mirror today.
The most exciting part? There are no limits here. Many find that once they start their journey of self-discovery, the result is a level of well-being they’ve never experienced before, with, or without alcohol. Challenges help us grow into versions of ourselves that surpass our own expectations.
And those healthy habits truly do add up. As Gretchen Rubin writes in Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives, “Habits are the invisible architecture of daily life. We repeat about 40 percent of our behavior almost daily, so our habits shape our existence, and our future. If we change our habits, we change our lives.”
Wondering what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about? Science says it’s a mixture of brain chemistry, psychological factors, and social surroundings. Learn why alcohol can leave one person raging more than the next — and what to do about it — in our latest blog.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Imagine this: everyone is sitting around the table, having a pleasant conversation, passing around platters of nachos and sipping on salt-rimmed margaritas. Everyone is acting presentable, and the atmosphere is, as they say “classy.” Then, a few margaritas in, the conversation gets a bit louder. You look over and see your friend’s face getting red and, before you know it, voices are raised and you’re wondering if you’ll have to duck when that plate of nachos goes flying across the table. Yikes!
We’ve heard of the “raging alcoholic” or “angry drunk” stereotype, but is there any truth to the idea? Is alcohol really the culprit? What is a raging alcoholic, and how does alcohol send someone into a drunken rage? What are some alcoholic rage symptoms? Let’s explore what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about.
If you follow true crime, you’ve heard about the notorious Murdaugh trials in South Carolina, with the latest being the trial of Alec Murdaugh convicted for killing his son and wife. And although nothing justifies murder, the son Paul Murdaugh was quite a character (and not in a good way). And much of it came down to his drinking. Those close to him would talk about his personality under the influence — a character prominent enough to be seen as his alter-ego, “Timmy.” What was Paul Murdaugh — “Timmy” — like when drunk? Well, let’s just say you wouldn’t want to get into Timmy’s way. Timmy would get angry. Timmy would get abusive. Ultimately, Timmy would lead to the death of Paul’s girlfriend who drowned in a boating accident that Paul (in drunken Timmy mode) was responsible for.
The truth is, while this case might be extreme, many of us might recognize signs of an inner Timmy in ourselves or in someone we know. Why are alcoholics angry? And do angry drunks mean what they say? Alcoholic rage syndrome, also known as alcohol-induced aggression or alcohol-related aggression, refers to a pattern of intense anger and aggression that occurs in people under the influence of alcohol. Ranging from verbal outbursts to physical violence, this behavior can pose a serious risk to our health and safety, as well as to the well-being of those around us. (For more information, check out “Why Do I Get Angry When I Drink?”)
Does everyone have an “inner Timmy”? Not necessarily, studies show that while alcohol and aggression do, indeed, share a neurological link, not everyone gets aggressive after having a few too many.
In particular, “alcoholic rage syndrome” seems to be linked to antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Those with tendencies to what’s colloquially known as sociopathy may be more prone to alcohol-related aggression. The hallmark traits of the condition involve difficulties empathizing with other people, disregarding societal norms for what’s considered “right” and “wrong,” ignoring the feelings of others, and behaving in impulsive ways.
Part of the story has to do with neurotransmitters. From the first sip, alcohol sends our brain chemistry into disarray, altering the delicate balance of neurochemicals in charge of impulse control and mood regulation. Here’s the gist:
Although the effects of alcohol on our brain chemistry kick in right away, over time the situation gets more and more complex. The brain gets used to the “new normal” and can lead to more pronounced long-term changes in our personality (read: our alter ego sets up camp and can become a permanent fixture). (For more information, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain: A Look Into the Science” and “Alcohol and Emotions: How Alcohol Plays with Your Feelings.”)
By acting as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol also takes our prefrontal cortex — the hub of logic, and reasoning — temporarily “offline.” Without our decision-making powerhouse running the show, we have less control over our behavior and are more prone to impulsivity and aggression.
In other words, we’re likely to do things — including giving others an earful as soon as we feel irked — without thinking about the potential fallout. We might also misread social cues and lash out in response to perceived slights, non-existent threats, or frustrations.
The past has a sneaky way of making a less-than-pleasant appearance when we’re drinking. It might be something small that nagged us recently — the way our partner never makes the bed or the way our mother-in-law said the paella we tried to impress her with needed more salt. On the other hand, something deeper and more traumatic could also resurface: we might be dealing with unresolved trauma, an illness of a close relative, or financial problems. Either way, mixing any type of psychological “baggage” with booze is trouble waiting to happen — our anger is that much more likely to erupt if there’s already trouble brewing in the background.
In a similar way, our present surroundings can play a role. If we hang out with people who throw digs at each other (or at us) or normalize alcohol-induced aggression, it’s more likely to make an appearance. Perhaps our friends play it off as funny, or maybe they downplay it due to their own insecurities — whatever the reason is, if our environment makes our “inner Timmy” feel welcome, he’s more likely to show up.
While alcohol can induce rage, sometimes the tables are switched: we might also crave alcohol when we’re already angry. Why? The answer has to do with the nature of all cravings — they’re misguided attempts to feel better in the moment by silencing an emotion or external circumstance we don’t want to experience. The problem is, when booze becomes the answer, it backfires — big time. (To dive into the details, check out “Why Do I Crave Alcohol When I'm Angry?”)
Symptoms of alcoholic rage syndrome run the gamut from verbal tiffs to outright violence. Here’s an overview:
Now that we know what alcoholic rage syndrome is, can we do anything about it? In other words, can we make our inner “Sammy” or “Jimmy” (or whatever name your boozy alter-ego might have) stay away for good? Absolutely.
If you do decide to take a break from booze, know that you’re in for a treat. In addition to helping your relationships, a life with less alcohol will leave you healthier and happier in a myriad different ways: your sleep will improve, your heart and liver will heal, you’ll find yourself getting sick less frequently, and you might even lose weight. And that’s just the beginning! If you need help starting, Reframe is here to help with science-backed strategies and tools to make the journey easy and fun.
Imagine this: everyone is sitting around the table, having a pleasant conversation, passing around platters of nachos and sipping on salt-rimmed margaritas. Everyone is acting presentable, and the atmosphere is, as they say “classy.” Then, a few margaritas in, the conversation gets a bit louder. You look over and see your friend’s face getting red and, before you know it, voices are raised and you’re wondering if you’ll have to duck when that plate of nachos goes flying across the table. Yikes!
We’ve heard of the “raging alcoholic” or “angry drunk” stereotype, but is there any truth to the idea? Is alcohol really the culprit? What is a raging alcoholic, and how does alcohol send someone into a drunken rage? What are some alcoholic rage symptoms? Let’s explore what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about.
If you follow true crime, you’ve heard about the notorious Murdaugh trials in South Carolina, with the latest being the trial of Alec Murdaugh convicted for killing his son and wife. And although nothing justifies murder, the son Paul Murdaugh was quite a character (and not in a good way). And much of it came down to his drinking. Those close to him would talk about his personality under the influence — a character prominent enough to be seen as his alter-ego, “Timmy.” What was Paul Murdaugh — “Timmy” — like when drunk? Well, let’s just say you wouldn’t want to get into Timmy’s way. Timmy would get angry. Timmy would get abusive. Ultimately, Timmy would lead to the death of Paul’s girlfriend who drowned in a boating accident that Paul (in drunken Timmy mode) was responsible for.
The truth is, while this case might be extreme, many of us might recognize signs of an inner Timmy in ourselves or in someone we know. Why are alcoholics angry? And do angry drunks mean what they say? Alcoholic rage syndrome, also known as alcohol-induced aggression or alcohol-related aggression, refers to a pattern of intense anger and aggression that occurs in people under the influence of alcohol. Ranging from verbal outbursts to physical violence, this behavior can pose a serious risk to our health and safety, as well as to the well-being of those around us. (For more information, check out “Why Do I Get Angry When I Drink?”)
Does everyone have an “inner Timmy”? Not necessarily, studies show that while alcohol and aggression do, indeed, share a neurological link, not everyone gets aggressive after having a few too many.
In particular, “alcoholic rage syndrome” seems to be linked to antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Those with tendencies to what’s colloquially known as sociopathy may be more prone to alcohol-related aggression. The hallmark traits of the condition involve difficulties empathizing with other people, disregarding societal norms for what’s considered “right” and “wrong,” ignoring the feelings of others, and behaving in impulsive ways.
Part of the story has to do with neurotransmitters. From the first sip, alcohol sends our brain chemistry into disarray, altering the delicate balance of neurochemicals in charge of impulse control and mood regulation. Here’s the gist:
Although the effects of alcohol on our brain chemistry kick in right away, over time the situation gets more and more complex. The brain gets used to the “new normal” and can lead to more pronounced long-term changes in our personality (read: our alter ego sets up camp and can become a permanent fixture). (For more information, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain: A Look Into the Science” and “Alcohol and Emotions: How Alcohol Plays with Your Feelings.”)
By acting as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol also takes our prefrontal cortex — the hub of logic, and reasoning — temporarily “offline.” Without our decision-making powerhouse running the show, we have less control over our behavior and are more prone to impulsivity and aggression.
In other words, we’re likely to do things — including giving others an earful as soon as we feel irked — without thinking about the potential fallout. We might also misread social cues and lash out in response to perceived slights, non-existent threats, or frustrations.
The past has a sneaky way of making a less-than-pleasant appearance when we’re drinking. It might be something small that nagged us recently — the way our partner never makes the bed or the way our mother-in-law said the paella we tried to impress her with needed more salt. On the other hand, something deeper and more traumatic could also resurface: we might be dealing with unresolved trauma, an illness of a close relative, or financial problems. Either way, mixing any type of psychological “baggage” with booze is trouble waiting to happen — our anger is that much more likely to erupt if there’s already trouble brewing in the background.
In a similar way, our present surroundings can play a role. If we hang out with people who throw digs at each other (or at us) or normalize alcohol-induced aggression, it’s more likely to make an appearance. Perhaps our friends play it off as funny, or maybe they downplay it due to their own insecurities — whatever the reason is, if our environment makes our “inner Timmy” feel welcome, he’s more likely to show up.
While alcohol can induce rage, sometimes the tables are switched: we might also crave alcohol when we’re already angry. Why? The answer has to do with the nature of all cravings — they’re misguided attempts to feel better in the moment by silencing an emotion or external circumstance we don’t want to experience. The problem is, when booze becomes the answer, it backfires — big time. (To dive into the details, check out “Why Do I Crave Alcohol When I'm Angry?”)
Symptoms of alcoholic rage syndrome run the gamut from verbal tiffs to outright violence. Here’s an overview:
Now that we know what alcoholic rage syndrome is, can we do anything about it? In other words, can we make our inner “Sammy” or “Jimmy” (or whatever name your boozy alter-ego might have) stay away for good? Absolutely.
If you do decide to take a break from booze, know that you’re in for a treat. In addition to helping your relationships, a life with less alcohol will leave you healthier and happier in a myriad different ways: your sleep will improve, your heart and liver will heal, you’ll find yourself getting sick less frequently, and you might even lose weight. And that’s just the beginning! If you need help starting, Reframe is here to help with science-backed strategies and tools to make the journey easy and fun.
