Does spirituality play a role in recovery? Absolutely! It’s all about finding meaning and connecting to a community or source of inspiration that’s greater than ourselves.
Relationships are rarely a bed of roses, but there is always room for improvement. Reframe is a great place to start down that road.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions worldwide drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less but thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
In Passage Meditation — A Complete Spiritual Practice: Train Your Mind and Find a Life That Fulfills, the renowned meditation teacher and author Eknath Easwaran writes: “There is a tale of a man who found on the road a large stone bearing the words, ‘Under me lies a great truth.’ The man strained to turn the stone over and finally succeeded. On the bottom was written, ‘Why do you want a new truth when you do not practice what you already know?’”
In this way, recovery begins to look like the “rediscovery” of a new and improved version of ourselves that already exists but has been hidden by addiction. Let’s look within and set it free!
Addiction affects every aspect of our lives, and recovery isn’t just a physical, mental, and emotional process — it is a spiritual one as well. For some, the word “spirituality” might set off alarm bells, especially if they’ve had negative experiences with organized religion.
Rest assured, spirituality doesn’t have to mean going to church or performing religious rituals!
Instead, let’s look at it as a broader concept that has to do with finding meaning in life. Recovery is all about finding a new source of meaning and rediscovering our true sense of self — an inherently creative (and exciting!) process.
There are several elements of spirituality that are particularly relevant to recovery:
There are many benefits to adding a spiritual element to our recovery journey.
Not all spiritual approaches will work for everyone, and that’s okay! Luckily, there are many “paths to the same mountain,” as they say.
In a Journal of Religion and Health review article titled “Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse,” Melissa and Brian Grim describe their analysis of 130,000 congregation-based substance abuse programs that feature faith-based approaches to recovery. They argue that these programs greatly contribute to the field of addiction recovery, often without any cost to taxpayers. The vast majority (87%) of the studies they reviewed as part of their research point to faith as “faith is a positive factor in addiction prevention or recovery.”
That said, if traditional religion isn’t for you, no problem! There are other options to explore.
While the 12 steps of programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) are also not for everyone, they’re a great example of how spirituality could provide a useful structure and set of principles that help our recovery. The first three steps are all about admitting powerlessness and asking a “Higher Power” to “restore us to sanity.” This formulation may not resonate with everyone, but the point is simple: what happened to us is not our fault, and our experience with alcohol doesn’t have to mean that there’s anything “wrong” with us. Alcohol is addictive, and we simply fell into the same set of habits that millions of others have fallen into. Luckily, we have options: we can look at our situation from a broader perspective and realize that help is available.
When viewed in this light, the “Higher Power” doesn’t have to be the traditional “God” — many AA members actually choose to see the group itself as a collective power generated by like-minded people coming together to help one another in a way that would be impossible to do alone. In any case, if this approach resonates with you, go ahead and give it a try!
In the words of writer and motivational speaker Wayne Dyer, our thoughts determine our reality. “Remember, you become what you think about all day long. How often do you clutter your mind with thoughts of non-peace? … All of these thoughts and their expressions are indications that you have become trapped in a non-peaceful mind and, therefore, a non-peaceful world.”
A way out of this “thought trap” is mindfulness, a core element in many spiritual traditions and an excellent form of spiritual recovery practice in itself. Mindfulness is incredibly simple: all it requires is to observe our own thoughts or perform any activity with our whole attention focused on it. As a spiritual recovery practice, it can help us break out of “non-peaceful” thoughts, including ones that push us closer to our addictions and habits.
There are countless benefits of mindfulness that have now been backed by science. For one thing, neuroscience research tells us that mindfulness benefits the brain by rewiring circuits responsible for stress and chronic pain and boosting those related to focus and attention! There have been many recent studies that show mindfulness as one of the best ways to boost our mental and physical health.
According to an article in the NIH newsletter News in Health, practicing mindfulness can help with a host of mental health issues, including depression, PTSD, eating disorders, and addiction. Additionally, mindfulness has other health benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and reducing stroke risk).
And as neuroimaging studies have shown, mindfulness can physically change the neurological wiring of our brain. A large-scale study in BioMed Research International titled “The Meditative Mind: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of MRI Studies” paints an impressive picture of the brain “on mindfulness.” According to many studies reviewed within the report, participating in mindfulness-based practices physically rewires the brain, engaging circuits that promote resilience, self-awareness, and reduced impulsivity.
Spending time in nature is yet another way to connect to something greater than ourselves (without the need for organized religion or the 12 Steps). One of the best expressions of this sentiment comes from American Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson. In Nature, he writes: “In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There I feel that nothing can befall me in life,—no disgrace, no calamity, (leaving me my eyes,) which nature cannot repair.”
Nature has proven to be just as versatile within therapeutic contexts. Recently, ecotherapy has been touted as a great form of treatment for those who might be reluctant to engage in traditional talk therapy. According to psychologist Maurie Lung, “One of the top benefits that we address are for people who are trying to reduce anxiety or depression and increase relationship and connection … it’s super engaging, so for kids and teenagers ... [and] for people who are reluctant to be in therapy.”
There are many ways we can use nature as a therapeutic and spiritual springboard. There’s no need to travel tens or hundreds of miles to a faraway National Park, forest, or beach — a city park or even your own backyard will do. All we need to find is a small sanctuary away from the noise and traffic where we can feel connected to natural surroundings and walk or just simply sit and meditate.
As author Kurt Vonnegut said, “To practice any art, no matter how well or badly, is a way to make your soul grow. So do it.” Creativity is, indeed, another way to grow spiritually while supporting our recovery. After all, rediscovering our true self and our new purpose is an inherently creative process. That’s also what makes it fun!
One of the clearest ways in which creative pursuits can become a spiritual practice is through the state of “flow.” Defined by psychologist and author Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi as optimal experience done for its own sake, flow is liberating and spiritually fulfilling: “It is when we act freely, for the sake of the action itself rather than for ulterior motives, that we learn to become more than what we were. When we choose a goal and invest ourselves in it to the limits of concentration, whatever we do will be enjoyable. And once we have tasted this joy, we will redouble our efforts to taste it again. This is the way the self grows.”
We can achieve flow through any activity that captures our creative attention — painting, writing, gardening, cooking, or creating a digital photo collage. Flow is all about the process instead of the result (no need to be a Picasso, Chopin, or even a Top Chef contestant). By absorbing ourselves fully in the creative process, we automatically tap into something greater than ourselves — and that’s where things start to get spiritual!
Science shows that engaging in activities that make us feel fully absorbed — the kind that give us the sense of being outside of time — naturally quiet the part of our brain that’s in charge of judgments and ruminating thoughts. Such activities serve as a boost of dopamine — the feel-good neurotransmitters that get depleted with increased alcohol use. While there are many “flavors” of flow (for example, artistic pursuits or socializing with friends), spiritual practices such as prayer or meditation are among the best ways to get into this state.
How can we start getting in touch with our spiritual side and tap into the power of spiritual recovery? Here are some ideas:
Finally, let’s look at some specific suggestions for incorporating spirituality into daily life to support recovery. Drawing on the wisdom of Wayne Dyer once again, let’s take a look at how he advises us to incorporate spiritual elements into our daily lives for optimal growth (as well as recovery from addictive behaviors) in There’s a Spiritual Solution to Every Problem. His words resonate with many and have a trademark touch of warmth and compassion.
In Divine Living: The Essential Guide To Your True Destiny, destiny coach Anthon St. Maarten writes, “Intuition goes before you, showing you the way. Emotion follows behind, to let you know when you go astray. Listen to your inner voice: it is the calling of your spiritual GPS system seeking to keep you on track towards your true destiny.” Let’s turn to our “spiritual GPS” to jumpstart our own version of spiritual recovery!
In Passage Meditation — A Complete Spiritual Practice: Train Your Mind and Find a Life That Fulfills, the renowned meditation teacher and author Eknath Easwaran writes: “There is a tale of a man who found on the road a large stone bearing the words, ‘Under me lies a great truth.’ The man strained to turn the stone over and finally succeeded. On the bottom was written, ‘Why do you want a new truth when you do not practice what you already know?’”
In this way, recovery begins to look like the “rediscovery” of a new and improved version of ourselves that already exists but has been hidden by addiction. Let’s look within and set it free!
Addiction affects every aspect of our lives, and recovery isn’t just a physical, mental, and emotional process — it is a spiritual one as well. For some, the word “spirituality” might set off alarm bells, especially if they’ve had negative experiences with organized religion.
Rest assured, spirituality doesn’t have to mean going to church or performing religious rituals!
Instead, let’s look at it as a broader concept that has to do with finding meaning in life. Recovery is all about finding a new source of meaning and rediscovering our true sense of self — an inherently creative (and exciting!) process.
There are several elements of spirituality that are particularly relevant to recovery:
There are many benefits to adding a spiritual element to our recovery journey.
Not all spiritual approaches will work for everyone, and that’s okay! Luckily, there are many “paths to the same mountain,” as they say.
In a Journal of Religion and Health review article titled “Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse,” Melissa and Brian Grim describe their analysis of 130,000 congregation-based substance abuse programs that feature faith-based approaches to recovery. They argue that these programs greatly contribute to the field of addiction recovery, often without any cost to taxpayers. The vast majority (87%) of the studies they reviewed as part of their research point to faith as “faith is a positive factor in addiction prevention or recovery.”
That said, if traditional religion isn’t for you, no problem! There are other options to explore.
While the 12 steps of programs such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) are also not for everyone, they’re a great example of how spirituality could provide a useful structure and set of principles that help our recovery. The first three steps are all about admitting powerlessness and asking a “Higher Power” to “restore us to sanity.” This formulation may not resonate with everyone, but the point is simple: what happened to us is not our fault, and our experience with alcohol doesn’t have to mean that there’s anything “wrong” with us. Alcohol is addictive, and we simply fell into the same set of habits that millions of others have fallen into. Luckily, we have options: we can look at our situation from a broader perspective and realize that help is available.
When viewed in this light, the “Higher Power” doesn’t have to be the traditional “God” — many AA members actually choose to see the group itself as a collective power generated by like-minded people coming together to help one another in a way that would be impossible to do alone. In any case, if this approach resonates with you, go ahead and give it a try!
In the words of writer and motivational speaker Wayne Dyer, our thoughts determine our reality. “Remember, you become what you think about all day long. How often do you clutter your mind with thoughts of non-peace? … All of these thoughts and their expressions are indications that you have become trapped in a non-peaceful mind and, therefore, a non-peaceful world.”
A way out of this “thought trap” is mindfulness, a core element in many spiritual traditions and an excellent form of spiritual recovery practice in itself. Mindfulness is incredibly simple: all it requires is to observe our own thoughts or perform any activity with our whole attention focused on it. As a spiritual recovery practice, it can help us break out of “non-peaceful” thoughts, including ones that push us closer to our addictions and habits.
There are countless benefits of mindfulness that have now been backed by science. For one thing, neuroscience research tells us that mindfulness benefits the brain by rewiring circuits responsible for stress and chronic pain and boosting those related to focus and attention! There have been many recent studies that show mindfulness as one of the best ways to boost our mental and physical health.
According to an article in the NIH newsletter News in Health, practicing mindfulness can help with a host of mental health issues, including depression, PTSD, eating disorders, and addiction. Additionally, mindfulness has other health benefits, such as lowering blood pressure and reducing stroke risk).
And as neuroimaging studies have shown, mindfulness can physically change the neurological wiring of our brain. A large-scale study in BioMed Research International titled “The Meditative Mind: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of MRI Studies” paints an impressive picture of the brain “on mindfulness.” According to many studies reviewed within the report, participating in mindfulness-based practices physically rewires the brain, engaging circuits that promote resilience, self-awareness, and reduced impulsivity.
Spending time in nature is yet another way to connect to something greater than ourselves (without the need for organized religion or the 12 Steps). One of the best expressions of this sentiment comes from American Transcendentalist Ralph Waldo Emerson. In Nature, he writes: “In the woods, we return to reason and faith. There I feel that nothing can befall me in life,—no disgrace, no calamity, (leaving me my eyes,) which nature cannot repair.”
Nature has proven to be just as versatile within therapeutic contexts. Recently, ecotherapy has been touted as a great form of treatment for those who might be reluctant to engage in traditional talk therapy. According to psychologist Maurie Lung, “One of the top benefits that we address are for people who are trying to reduce anxiety or depression and increase relationship and connection … it’s super engaging, so for kids and teenagers ... [and] for people who are reluctant to be in therapy.”
There are many ways we can use nature as a therapeutic and spiritual springboard. There’s no need to travel tens or hundreds of miles to a faraway National Park, forest, or beach — a city park or even your own backyard will do. All we need to find is a small sanctuary away from the noise and traffic where we can feel connected to natural surroundings and walk or just simply sit and meditate.
As author Kurt Vonnegut said, “To practice any art, no matter how well or badly, is a way to make your soul grow. So do it.” Creativity is, indeed, another way to grow spiritually while supporting our recovery. After all, rediscovering our true self and our new purpose is an inherently creative process. That’s also what makes it fun!
One of the clearest ways in which creative pursuits can become a spiritual practice is through the state of “flow.” Defined by psychologist and author Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi as optimal experience done for its own sake, flow is liberating and spiritually fulfilling: “It is when we act freely, for the sake of the action itself rather than for ulterior motives, that we learn to become more than what we were. When we choose a goal and invest ourselves in it to the limits of concentration, whatever we do will be enjoyable. And once we have tasted this joy, we will redouble our efforts to taste it again. This is the way the self grows.”
We can achieve flow through any activity that captures our creative attention — painting, writing, gardening, cooking, or creating a digital photo collage. Flow is all about the process instead of the result (no need to be a Picasso, Chopin, or even a Top Chef contestant). By absorbing ourselves fully in the creative process, we automatically tap into something greater than ourselves — and that’s where things start to get spiritual!
Science shows that engaging in activities that make us feel fully absorbed — the kind that give us the sense of being outside of time — naturally quiet the part of our brain that’s in charge of judgments and ruminating thoughts. Such activities serve as a boost of dopamine — the feel-good neurotransmitters that get depleted with increased alcohol use. While there are many “flavors” of flow (for example, artistic pursuits or socializing with friends), spiritual practices such as prayer or meditation are among the best ways to get into this state.
How can we start getting in touch with our spiritual side and tap into the power of spiritual recovery? Here are some ideas:
Finally, let’s look at some specific suggestions for incorporating spirituality into daily life to support recovery. Drawing on the wisdom of Wayne Dyer once again, let’s take a look at how he advises us to incorporate spiritual elements into our daily lives for optimal growth (as well as recovery from addictive behaviors) in There’s a Spiritual Solution to Every Problem. His words resonate with many and have a trademark touch of warmth and compassion.
In Divine Living: The Essential Guide To Your True Destiny, destiny coach Anthon St. Maarten writes, “Intuition goes before you, showing you the way. Emotion follows behind, to let you know when you go astray. Listen to your inner voice: it is the calling of your spiritual GPS system seeking to keep you on track towards your true destiny.” Let’s turn to our “spiritual GPS” to jumpstart our own version of spiritual recovery!
The link between alcohol and domestic violence is complex and multifaceted. The signs of domestic violence are often vague and difficult to recognize.
Relationships are rarely a bed of roses, but there is always room for improvement. Reframe is a great place to start down that road.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions worldwide drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less but thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Consider the last time you argued with your partner, spouse, or roommate. Was it about some low-priority issue like what to make for dinner, who’s paying which bills, or the thermostat setting? Or maybe it was about something more substantial, like buying a car, changing jobs, or moving away. Most of us in relationships occasionally argue — it’s bound to happen when we share space and life with others. And that’s okay! Most arguments get resolved (or not) without significant consequences.
Unfortunately, there’s another darker side to this story. While for many of us, home is where we find solace, comfort, and understanding, for others, home is anything but comforting and safe.
For too many of us, home is a verbal and sometimes physical battleground. It’s a place where arguments — often fueled by alcohol — escalate into a frightening and potentially dangerous situation. Many of us, sadly, are victims of domestic violence.
Let’s delve into the realm of domestic violence by examining its complexities, causes, and the impact it has on those involved.
If you feel unsafe at home or want resources for escaping an abusive home environment, call the U.S. National Domestic Violence Hotline (800-799-7233).
Domestic violence is a complex, multifaceted social issue. Once referred to as family violence, the broader term “domestic violence” is more inclusive and encompasses all forms of relationships. It’s also important to note that domestic violence is not just limited to physical abuse but may include elements of emotional, psychological, and, sometimes, financial abuse. According to Barocas et al. (2016), defining domestic violence more broadly helps to align other existing definitions and standards, and it makes more effective interventions available to those of us affected by domestic violence.
How did adopting a broader view of domestic violence change our understanding of it? Previously, domestic abuse billboards and pamphlets showed women with blackened eyes, depicting them as typical domestic violence victims. Today, we know that characterizing domestic violence in that way describes only a small subset of its victims. After all, domestic violence doesn’t discriminate: it affects individuals across gender lines, ages, income levels, and backgrounds.
Alcohol’s influence on domestic violence is well-recognized. Contrary to common perception, people of all genders can be both perpetrators and victims.
So, how common is this problem?
According to the CDC, one in four women and one in seven men will experience physical violence by their intimate partner at some point during their lifetimes. Intimate partner violence reportedly occurs in over 10 million people, or 3.92% of the U.S. adult population each year.
This may seem like a shocking number. To fully understand the challenges and complexities of domestic violence requires our understanding of its dynamics and contributing factors.
We learned that domestic violence is not exclusive to one gender. This belief contradicts the previous belief that only men can be abusive and overlooks that people of all genders can exhibit harmful behavior, especially when alcohol is involved. Let’s start with some research on the issue.
Looking at the dynamics of domestic violence, Babock et al. (2019) found that of all reported instances of domestic abuse by their study participants, almost an equal percentage were male-initiated violence (15%) and female-initiated violence (15.5%). Twenty-five percent of study participants reported engaging in mutual violence, whereas 40.2% of females and 34.5% of males reported their involvement in domestic violence occurred in self-defense. This study supports the notion that for most participants, domestic violence is not a one-way street; both men and women initiated domestic violence or were engaged in mutual violence.
Alcohol adds another level of complexity to domestic violence because it juxtaposes behavioral and psychological factors. When we consider the relationship between alcohol and domestic violence, we need to ask a couple questions: are all alcoholics abusive? Why are some people abusive when drunk?
Exploring the link between alcohol and domestic violence requires a clear understanding of how alcohol affects the brain and how it impacts our decision making and impulse control. Let’s start there!
Alcohol is classified as a depressant because of the way it affects our central nervous system (CNS). When we consume alcohol, its depressant effects slow down communication between nerves in our brains. Drinking has a sedating effect, slowing our reaction times, impairing our coordination, and generally relaxing us. While many of us may initially feel euphoric or more sociable, excessive alcohol consumption typically intensifies its depressant effects, leading to lethargy, confusion, and even unconsciousness.
Many studies have looked at the relationship between alcohol and personality as a factor in violence in general. They found that emotional instability and impulsivity — combined with personality disorders, genetic predisposition, and environmental stressors — can trigger aggression while under the influence of alcohol.
The American Addictions Center identified antisocial disorder, conduct problems, and borderline personality disorder (among several other risk factors) in alcohol-related domestic violence. The addition of personality as a factor in alcohol-related domestic violence attests to how complex this problem is.
So far, we have learned that alcohol consumption affects our central nervous system, which in turn alters how our brain functions, especially when we drink excessively. But how does this translate into domestic violence, especially when personality and other issues are factored in? The short answer: it’s complicated!
Let’s start with impaired judgment and impulsivity. Under the influence of alcohol, people tend to say and do things they normally wouldn’t while sober. This tendency is often referred to as alcohol’s disinhibiting effect. Here’s an example of how alcohol transforms typical behavior into something entirely different.
A couple is having a quiet evening at home while sharing a bottle of wine. During the evening, an argument starts over something inconsequential. Usually, this isn’t a huge issue; neither person blows up when sober. However, with three drinks down, the couple’s argument quickly transforms into a shouting match, name-calling, and some pushing and shoving. Slower reactions, impaired judgment, and impulsivity due to their drinking eventually lead to kicking and punching and cuts and bruises.
For some, the above scenario may be a one-off. Still, for many others, it can become a cyclical pattern, especially if one or both people are struggling with alcohol abuse or dependence. Without intervention, a destructive pattern of drinking and domestic violence often continues.
The research we’ve talked about paints a concerning picture. So can alcohol make you violent? And are alcoholics abusive? Dispelling misconceptions about domestic violence is a pivotal step toward creating a safer environment for those of us affected by it.
Two misconceptions are that all alcoholics are abusive or that all people are abusive when drunk. Neither is true, nor is the suggestion that all abusers are alcoholics. The link between alcohol and domestic violence is not exact. The reality is many people engage in domestic violence without drinking, while many alcoholics are never violent toward a partner.
The relationship between alcohol and abuse, especially when we try to account for the influence of personality and other factors, is a complex, many-layered puzzle. (Consider this blog just the basics; no single source can plumb the depths of such a multifaceted issue.)
While the most apparent signs of domestic violence are physical altercations, there are several nonphysical ways partners can exhibit abusive behaviors:
If you live in the U.S. and are experiencing domestic violence, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at (800) 799-7233.
Luckily, there are resources available to overcome domestic violence.
Understanding the complex and diverse nature of abuse and taking proactive steps is the best way to foster healthier relationships. There are ways to move forward and step into a safe, happy life free from violence. Quitting or cutting back on alcohol is a highly effective way to see the situation in a new light and take stock of how to move forward.
Consider the last time you argued with your partner, spouse, or roommate. Was it about some low-priority issue like what to make for dinner, who’s paying which bills, or the thermostat setting? Or maybe it was about something more substantial, like buying a car, changing jobs, or moving away. Most of us in relationships occasionally argue — it’s bound to happen when we share space and life with others. And that’s okay! Most arguments get resolved (or not) without significant consequences.
Unfortunately, there’s another darker side to this story. While for many of us, home is where we find solace, comfort, and understanding, for others, home is anything but comforting and safe.
For too many of us, home is a verbal and sometimes physical battleground. It’s a place where arguments — often fueled by alcohol — escalate into a frightening and potentially dangerous situation. Many of us, sadly, are victims of domestic violence.
Let’s delve into the realm of domestic violence by examining its complexities, causes, and the impact it has on those involved.
If you feel unsafe at home or want resources for escaping an abusive home environment, call the U.S. National Domestic Violence Hotline (800-799-7233).
Domestic violence is a complex, multifaceted social issue. Once referred to as family violence, the broader term “domestic violence” is more inclusive and encompasses all forms of relationships. It’s also important to note that domestic violence is not just limited to physical abuse but may include elements of emotional, psychological, and, sometimes, financial abuse. According to Barocas et al. (2016), defining domestic violence more broadly helps to align other existing definitions and standards, and it makes more effective interventions available to those of us affected by domestic violence.
How did adopting a broader view of domestic violence change our understanding of it? Previously, domestic abuse billboards and pamphlets showed women with blackened eyes, depicting them as typical domestic violence victims. Today, we know that characterizing domestic violence in that way describes only a small subset of its victims. After all, domestic violence doesn’t discriminate: it affects individuals across gender lines, ages, income levels, and backgrounds.
Alcohol’s influence on domestic violence is well-recognized. Contrary to common perception, people of all genders can be both perpetrators and victims.
So, how common is this problem?
According to the CDC, one in four women and one in seven men will experience physical violence by their intimate partner at some point during their lifetimes. Intimate partner violence reportedly occurs in over 10 million people, or 3.92% of the U.S. adult population each year.
This may seem like a shocking number. To fully understand the challenges and complexities of domestic violence requires our understanding of its dynamics and contributing factors.
We learned that domestic violence is not exclusive to one gender. This belief contradicts the previous belief that only men can be abusive and overlooks that people of all genders can exhibit harmful behavior, especially when alcohol is involved. Let’s start with some research on the issue.
Looking at the dynamics of domestic violence, Babock et al. (2019) found that of all reported instances of domestic abuse by their study participants, almost an equal percentage were male-initiated violence (15%) and female-initiated violence (15.5%). Twenty-five percent of study participants reported engaging in mutual violence, whereas 40.2% of females and 34.5% of males reported their involvement in domestic violence occurred in self-defense. This study supports the notion that for most participants, domestic violence is not a one-way street; both men and women initiated domestic violence or were engaged in mutual violence.
Alcohol adds another level of complexity to domestic violence because it juxtaposes behavioral and psychological factors. When we consider the relationship between alcohol and domestic violence, we need to ask a couple questions: are all alcoholics abusive? Why are some people abusive when drunk?
Exploring the link between alcohol and domestic violence requires a clear understanding of how alcohol affects the brain and how it impacts our decision making and impulse control. Let’s start there!
Alcohol is classified as a depressant because of the way it affects our central nervous system (CNS). When we consume alcohol, its depressant effects slow down communication between nerves in our brains. Drinking has a sedating effect, slowing our reaction times, impairing our coordination, and generally relaxing us. While many of us may initially feel euphoric or more sociable, excessive alcohol consumption typically intensifies its depressant effects, leading to lethargy, confusion, and even unconsciousness.
Many studies have looked at the relationship between alcohol and personality as a factor in violence in general. They found that emotional instability and impulsivity — combined with personality disorders, genetic predisposition, and environmental stressors — can trigger aggression while under the influence of alcohol.
The American Addictions Center identified antisocial disorder, conduct problems, and borderline personality disorder (among several other risk factors) in alcohol-related domestic violence. The addition of personality as a factor in alcohol-related domestic violence attests to how complex this problem is.
So far, we have learned that alcohol consumption affects our central nervous system, which in turn alters how our brain functions, especially when we drink excessively. But how does this translate into domestic violence, especially when personality and other issues are factored in? The short answer: it’s complicated!
Let’s start with impaired judgment and impulsivity. Under the influence of alcohol, people tend to say and do things they normally wouldn’t while sober. This tendency is often referred to as alcohol’s disinhibiting effect. Here’s an example of how alcohol transforms typical behavior into something entirely different.
A couple is having a quiet evening at home while sharing a bottle of wine. During the evening, an argument starts over something inconsequential. Usually, this isn’t a huge issue; neither person blows up when sober. However, with three drinks down, the couple’s argument quickly transforms into a shouting match, name-calling, and some pushing and shoving. Slower reactions, impaired judgment, and impulsivity due to their drinking eventually lead to kicking and punching and cuts and bruises.
For some, the above scenario may be a one-off. Still, for many others, it can become a cyclical pattern, especially if one or both people are struggling with alcohol abuse or dependence. Without intervention, a destructive pattern of drinking and domestic violence often continues.
The research we’ve talked about paints a concerning picture. So can alcohol make you violent? And are alcoholics abusive? Dispelling misconceptions about domestic violence is a pivotal step toward creating a safer environment for those of us affected by it.
Two misconceptions are that all alcoholics are abusive or that all people are abusive when drunk. Neither is true, nor is the suggestion that all abusers are alcoholics. The link between alcohol and domestic violence is not exact. The reality is many people engage in domestic violence without drinking, while many alcoholics are never violent toward a partner.
The relationship between alcohol and abuse, especially when we try to account for the influence of personality and other factors, is a complex, many-layered puzzle. (Consider this blog just the basics; no single source can plumb the depths of such a multifaceted issue.)
While the most apparent signs of domestic violence are physical altercations, there are several nonphysical ways partners can exhibit abusive behaviors:
If you live in the U.S. and are experiencing domestic violence, call the National Domestic Violence Hotline at (800) 799-7233.
Luckily, there are resources available to overcome domestic violence.
Understanding the complex and diverse nature of abuse and taking proactive steps is the best way to foster healthier relationships. There are ways to move forward and step into a safe, happy life free from violence. Quitting or cutting back on alcohol is a highly effective way to see the situation in a new light and take stock of how to move forward.
There’s a common belief out there that showers help cure hangovers. But is this a myth? Find out in our latest blog!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
In The Shipping News, author Annie Proulx describes a character dealing with hangover symptoms in the traditional way: “At least he could turn on the shower, stand beneath the hot needles, face thrust near the spray head, feeling the headache move back a little.”
But do showers help hangovers? Why do showers make you feel better after you’ve had a few too many? And is there a difference between a cold or hot shower for hangover relief? Let’s explore this common hangover “cure” in more detail.
What is a hangover exactly? It comes down to our body’s reaction to alcohol metabolism. When we drink, alcohol has an effect on pretty much every system in our body. You can read more detail in our article about the health effects of alcohol, but let’s look at a brief overview.
All of this happens shortly after that first sip. As the alcohol enters our system, these changes continue to develop and can lead to a potential hangover down the line. The most common hangover symptoms we all know (and dread) — dehydration, nausea, headaches, fatigue, and overall malaise — are caused by a number of factors. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, there are a few key factors that contribute to hangovers.
Hangovers are super common. According to the Cleveland Clinic, one study showed that a whopping 75% of people who drink too much on a given night end up hungover the following morning. What about the lucky 25% who skate by without one? The researchers concluded they might be naturally resistant.
Because they’re so common, hangovers are also the subject of many myths — especially when it comes to curing them.
While a shower might not “cure” a hangover, it certainly won’t hurt — and might actually help! Here’s how:
So, if taking a shower can indeed ease some hangover symptoms, are certain temperatures more effective than others? For example, do cold showers help hangovers the most? And do hot showers help with headaches in particular?
The cold vs. hot debate mostly comes down to personal preference, but there’s some scientific evidence for both. Let’s explore it in more detail!
When we think of showers as a hangover remedy, we often think of cold ones.
Use caution: cold water increases the risk of hypothermia. This hangover remedy is definitely not for everyone! Listen to your body, and get out when you start to feel too cold.
Even if it helps a little, a shower by itself — hot or cold — won’t cure a hangover. Here are some proven ways to ease hangover symptoms:
Armed with these tips, you can get through a hangover a bit more comfortably. While they’re not an instant fix, they can take the edge off the discomfort (especially as the hangover peaks).
Finally, here are some tips for avoiding hangovers in the first place.
By following these and practicing mindful drinking, we can avoid the not-so-fun aftermath of a night of heavy drinking.
All in all, it’s important to remember that a hangover is temporary. After it passes, try to consider it a learning experience. Don’t judge yourself (it happens to many of us!), but see it as an opportunity to reassess your relationship with alcohol. If you’re curious about what life with less alcohol would be like, consider trying a month-long challenge, such as Dry January or Sober October. That said, there’s absolutely no need to wait until then — it’s never the “wrong” time to be sober-curious, and Reframe is here to cheer you on along the way!
In The Shipping News, author Annie Proulx describes a character dealing with hangover symptoms in the traditional way: “At least he could turn on the shower, stand beneath the hot needles, face thrust near the spray head, feeling the headache move back a little.”
But do showers help hangovers? Why do showers make you feel better after you’ve had a few too many? And is there a difference between a cold or hot shower for hangover relief? Let’s explore this common hangover “cure” in more detail.
What is a hangover exactly? It comes down to our body’s reaction to alcohol metabolism. When we drink, alcohol has an effect on pretty much every system in our body. You can read more detail in our article about the health effects of alcohol, but let’s look at a brief overview.
All of this happens shortly after that first sip. As the alcohol enters our system, these changes continue to develop and can lead to a potential hangover down the line. The most common hangover symptoms we all know (and dread) — dehydration, nausea, headaches, fatigue, and overall malaise — are caused by a number of factors. According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, there are a few key factors that contribute to hangovers.
Hangovers are super common. According to the Cleveland Clinic, one study showed that a whopping 75% of people who drink too much on a given night end up hungover the following morning. What about the lucky 25% who skate by without one? The researchers concluded they might be naturally resistant.
Because they’re so common, hangovers are also the subject of many myths — especially when it comes to curing them.
While a shower might not “cure” a hangover, it certainly won’t hurt — and might actually help! Here’s how:
So, if taking a shower can indeed ease some hangover symptoms, are certain temperatures more effective than others? For example, do cold showers help hangovers the most? And do hot showers help with headaches in particular?
The cold vs. hot debate mostly comes down to personal preference, but there’s some scientific evidence for both. Let’s explore it in more detail!
When we think of showers as a hangover remedy, we often think of cold ones.
Use caution: cold water increases the risk of hypothermia. This hangover remedy is definitely not for everyone! Listen to your body, and get out when you start to feel too cold.
Even if it helps a little, a shower by itself — hot or cold — won’t cure a hangover. Here are some proven ways to ease hangover symptoms:
Armed with these tips, you can get through a hangover a bit more comfortably. While they’re not an instant fix, they can take the edge off the discomfort (especially as the hangover peaks).
Finally, here are some tips for avoiding hangovers in the first place.
By following these and practicing mindful drinking, we can avoid the not-so-fun aftermath of a night of heavy drinking.
All in all, it’s important to remember that a hangover is temporary. After it passes, try to consider it a learning experience. Don’t judge yourself (it happens to many of us!), but see it as an opportunity to reassess your relationship with alcohol. If you’re curious about what life with less alcohol would be like, consider trying a month-long challenge, such as Dry January or Sober October. That said, there’s absolutely no need to wait until then — it’s never the “wrong” time to be sober-curious, and Reframe is here to cheer you on along the way!
Going to work with a hangover can be rough, but there are things you can do to make it easier! Our blog explores the strategies to keep you hydrated and comfortable without feeling overwhelmed as you recover.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
As Irish comedy actor and writer Arthur Mathews once said, “I never met anyone who gets up out of their bed after a night on the town and says, 'Oh I wish I'd had another drink last night. That would have been a great idea.’” And yet, it happens. We have a bit too much to drink, and the day after begins with the dreaded hangover.
But what if it’s a workday? Many of us have experienced what it’s like to wake up feeling like we’ve been hit by a truck, and it’s even worse when we still have to get dressed, grab our laptop, make a coffee for the commute (if we have the time or the stomach for it), and head out to the office (or, worse, a classroom). What is the best way to deal with a hangover at work? Let’s explore some ways to make the situation a bit easier to manage.
To understand hangovers — and how to fix them — it helps to first take a brief look at how alcohol affects our brain and body. Soon after the first sip, we start feeling the effects of alcohol.
The next day, however, we might wake up with a whole new set of symptoms — the notorious hangover. On the physical side, we might feel nauseous, have a headache or muscle aches, stomach pain, vertigo, sensitivity to light and sound, fatigue, weakness, and increased blood pressure. We might also feel more anxious and irritable than usual.
If it happens to be a workday, these symptoms might pose an extra challenge. We’ll look at some possible strategies later on, but first let’s explore the cause of the symptoms in a bit more detail.
How do the effects of alcohol on the brain and body translate into these unpleasant symptoms? There are a few different reasons, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
When we’re smack-dab in the middle of a hangover, it can feel like it will never end. But rest assured, it will! A typical hangover lasts around 24 hours. It peaks when the blood alcohol concentration returns to zero and starts to get better soon after.
Bouncing back from a hangover is all about replenishing our body’s resources. However, there’s an important mental and emotional component to it as well. And, if we’re talking about curing a hangover at work, there are also important social aspects to consider.
As you get ready to head out the door, make sure to take care of a few key steps first. (You’ll thank yourself later!)
Okay, you’ve made it safe and are in the building, heading for your desk. Now what? It’s time to consider what’s on the schedule for the day.
This question is a delicate one sometimes: what do you tell your colleagues or (yikes!) your boss? Do you have to tell them what’s going on and why you’re feeling unwell?
Now that you’re settled in and your day is off to a (hopefully) decent start, what can you do to keep hangover symptoms at bay until it’s time to go home? While there’s no “cure” for a hangover (except time), there are things that can help.
Of course, one thing that’s better than curing a hangover at work is preventing it in the first place! Here are some tips:
As you look at your relationship with alcohol, consider taking a break to see how your life might change as a result. If you do decide to set alcohol aside or reduce your intake, approach it with a spirit of curiosity, not deprivation. Only good things await!
As Irish comedy actor and writer Arthur Mathews once said, “I never met anyone who gets up out of their bed after a night on the town and says, 'Oh I wish I'd had another drink last night. That would have been a great idea.’” And yet, it happens. We have a bit too much to drink, and the day after begins with the dreaded hangover.
But what if it’s a workday? Many of us have experienced what it’s like to wake up feeling like we’ve been hit by a truck, and it’s even worse when we still have to get dressed, grab our laptop, make a coffee for the commute (if we have the time or the stomach for it), and head out to the office (or, worse, a classroom). What is the best way to deal with a hangover at work? Let’s explore some ways to make the situation a bit easier to manage.
To understand hangovers — and how to fix them — it helps to first take a brief look at how alcohol affects our brain and body. Soon after the first sip, we start feeling the effects of alcohol.
The next day, however, we might wake up with a whole new set of symptoms — the notorious hangover. On the physical side, we might feel nauseous, have a headache or muscle aches, stomach pain, vertigo, sensitivity to light and sound, fatigue, weakness, and increased blood pressure. We might also feel more anxious and irritable than usual.
If it happens to be a workday, these symptoms might pose an extra challenge. We’ll look at some possible strategies later on, but first let’s explore the cause of the symptoms in a bit more detail.
How do the effects of alcohol on the brain and body translate into these unpleasant symptoms? There are a few different reasons, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
When we’re smack-dab in the middle of a hangover, it can feel like it will never end. But rest assured, it will! A typical hangover lasts around 24 hours. It peaks when the blood alcohol concentration returns to zero and starts to get better soon after.
Bouncing back from a hangover is all about replenishing our body’s resources. However, there’s an important mental and emotional component to it as well. And, if we’re talking about curing a hangover at work, there are also important social aspects to consider.
As you get ready to head out the door, make sure to take care of a few key steps first. (You’ll thank yourself later!)
Okay, you’ve made it safe and are in the building, heading for your desk. Now what? It’s time to consider what’s on the schedule for the day.
This question is a delicate one sometimes: what do you tell your colleagues or (yikes!) your boss? Do you have to tell them what’s going on and why you’re feeling unwell?
Now that you’re settled in and your day is off to a (hopefully) decent start, what can you do to keep hangover symptoms at bay until it’s time to go home? While there’s no “cure” for a hangover (except time), there are things that can help.
Of course, one thing that’s better than curing a hangover at work is preventing it in the first place! Here are some tips:
As you look at your relationship with alcohol, consider taking a break to see how your life might change as a result. If you do decide to set alcohol aside or reduce your intake, approach it with a spirit of curiosity, not deprivation. Only good things await!
Learn about the Canadian drinking culture, policies, and recent trends in our recent blog!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
Writer Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce Lahontan once said, “To survive the Canadian winter, one needs a body of brass, eyes of glass, and blood made of brandy.” This might be a bit of an exaggeration, but Canada is certainly no stranger to booze. What is the drinking culture in Canada like, how did it evolve, and what are the current alcohol consumption trends? Let’s find out!
Canada’s history with booze goes way back. Let’s go on a brief trip through history from the pre-colonial times to the Prohibition era to the ups and downs of the last few decades.
As for the last decade, surveys and statistics show a rising number of Canadians can be considered “heavy drinkers.” Heavy drinking is currently defined as 5 or more drinks at one occasion at least once per month for men and 4 or more for women. In a Statista review published in November 2023, researcher John Elflein reports that in 2022 a whopping 20% of Canadians fell into that category.
Alcohol-related risks, including chronic liver disease, have also been on the rise. The alcohol-related death rate has jumped in recent years, with cirrhosis claiming as many as 12 lives out of 100,000 in 2021. Elflein talks about the alcohol market trends in Canada during the last few years:
Why so much drinking, especially in recent years? There are a few possible reasons.
The laws and regulations around alcohol in Canada are relatively relaxed. The minimum legal drinking age varies by province and territory. In Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec, the legal age is 18. In all other provinces and territories, it’s 19.
In recent years, however, there have been a number of government initiatives for alcohol reduction. Alcohol Consumption in Canada: A Public Health Perspective outlines some of the troubling trends in increasing alcohol use and associated problems. Here’s an overview:
The report is in line with the Canadian government’s recent initiative to curb alcohol consumption. In January 2023, Canada’s Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction released a report detailing new drinking guidelines for Canadians. The message is that “Drinking less is better,” since “we now know that even a small amount of alcohol can be damaging to health.”
The report goes on to define risk categories based on the number of drinks consumed per week, with a maximum of 2 considered low risk, 3-6 as moderate risk, and anything above that as high risk.
At the same time, there have been shifts in drinking patterns over recent years, with non-alcoholic beverages, sober bars, and social movements gaining traction. The changing attitudes and behaviors are part of the sober-curious movement, which aims to explore sobriety as an expansion of options rather than as a restriction or limitation.
A recent CTV News article talks about the growing trend. Surveys show that many younger Canadians are opting out of boozy nightlife, with as many as 15% of those over 20 choosing not to drink at all. Joel Gregoire, associate director for food and drink at the market research company Mintel, told The Canadian Press, "If I was running an alcoholic beverage company ... this is not a space that I would ignore. When you're trying to grow your brand with younger consumers, who are the ones who are generally most open to innovation ... that's where there's a lot of opportunity.”
And many companies are, indeed, jumping on this opportunity:
If you’re thinking about joining in on some sober “good clean fun” yourself — congrats! Here are some tips to get you started.
Join Reframe! Reframe is a great place to meet other sober-curious people on the same journey and get support and science-backed advice about quitting or cutting back on alcohol.
Alcohol culture in Canada (and everywhere else, for that matter) is constantly shifting. While there have been times when consumption has been on the rise, there are others when people stand back and reevaluate their relationship with alcohol. Drinking is always a personal choice, and so is sobriety. As young Canadians in particular are showing us, it doesn’t mean missing out on the fun — quite the opposite!
Writer Louis Armand de Lom d'Arce Lahontan once said, “To survive the Canadian winter, one needs a body of brass, eyes of glass, and blood made of brandy.” This might be a bit of an exaggeration, but Canada is certainly no stranger to booze. What is the drinking culture in Canada like, how did it evolve, and what are the current alcohol consumption trends? Let’s find out!
Canada’s history with booze goes way back. Let’s go on a brief trip through history from the pre-colonial times to the Prohibition era to the ups and downs of the last few decades.
As for the last decade, surveys and statistics show a rising number of Canadians can be considered “heavy drinkers.” Heavy drinking is currently defined as 5 or more drinks at one occasion at least once per month for men and 4 or more for women. In a Statista review published in November 2023, researcher John Elflein reports that in 2022 a whopping 20% of Canadians fell into that category.
Alcohol-related risks, including chronic liver disease, have also been on the rise. The alcohol-related death rate has jumped in recent years, with cirrhosis claiming as many as 12 lives out of 100,000 in 2021. Elflein talks about the alcohol market trends in Canada during the last few years:
Why so much drinking, especially in recent years? There are a few possible reasons.
The laws and regulations around alcohol in Canada are relatively relaxed. The minimum legal drinking age varies by province and territory. In Alberta, Manitoba, and Quebec, the legal age is 18. In all other provinces and territories, it’s 19.
In recent years, however, there have been a number of government initiatives for alcohol reduction. Alcohol Consumption in Canada: A Public Health Perspective outlines some of the troubling trends in increasing alcohol use and associated problems. Here’s an overview:
The report is in line with the Canadian government’s recent initiative to curb alcohol consumption. In January 2023, Canada’s Centre on Substance Abuse and Addiction released a report detailing new drinking guidelines for Canadians. The message is that “Drinking less is better,” since “we now know that even a small amount of alcohol can be damaging to health.”
The report goes on to define risk categories based on the number of drinks consumed per week, with a maximum of 2 considered low risk, 3-6 as moderate risk, and anything above that as high risk.
At the same time, there have been shifts in drinking patterns over recent years, with non-alcoholic beverages, sober bars, and social movements gaining traction. The changing attitudes and behaviors are part of the sober-curious movement, which aims to explore sobriety as an expansion of options rather than as a restriction or limitation.
A recent CTV News article talks about the growing trend. Surveys show that many younger Canadians are opting out of boozy nightlife, with as many as 15% of those over 20 choosing not to drink at all. Joel Gregoire, associate director for food and drink at the market research company Mintel, told The Canadian Press, "If I was running an alcoholic beverage company ... this is not a space that I would ignore. When you're trying to grow your brand with younger consumers, who are the ones who are generally most open to innovation ... that's where there's a lot of opportunity.”
And many companies are, indeed, jumping on this opportunity:
If you’re thinking about joining in on some sober “good clean fun” yourself — congrats! Here are some tips to get you started.
Join Reframe! Reframe is a great place to meet other sober-curious people on the same journey and get support and science-backed advice about quitting or cutting back on alcohol.
Alcohol culture in Canada (and everywhere else, for that matter) is constantly shifting. While there have been times when consumption has been on the rise, there are others when people stand back and reevaluate their relationship with alcohol. Drinking is always a personal choice, and so is sobriety. As young Canadians in particular are showing us, it doesn’t mean missing out on the fun — quite the opposite!
Find out why the new guidelines in Canada have everyone talking! Experts say setting a 2 drink per week limit is best to stay safe.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
Regulating anything — let alone alcohol — is a tricky task. As Aldous Huxley writes in The Doors of Perception / Heaven and Hell, “The problems raised by alcohol and tobacco cannot, it goes without saying, be solved by prohibition. The universal and ever-present urge to self-transcendence is not to be abolished by slamming the currently popular Doors in the Wall. The only reasonable policy is to open other, better doors in the hope of inducing men and women to exchange their old bad habits for new and less harmful ones.”
While Huxley is actually talking about hallucinogens in this quote, the same goes for alcohol as well: as we learned the hard way from the Prohibition Era, you can’t tell people not to drink, especially if you’re the government.
Instead, modern governments frame their advice as guidelines for safe alcohol use and present them as health initiatives backed by scientific evidence. We are free to choose what we do with that information, and nobody over a certain age (19 in Canada, 21 in the United States) is likely to be prohibited from drinking in North America (as long as they’re not behind the wheel, performing surgery, working on a construction site, or doing anything else where their impairment would pose a risk to others).
However, when it comes to Canada’s new guidelines for safe alcohol consumption, some folks have been left a bit shaken. The guidelines, passed in 2023 after extensive review by the Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CCSA), urge Canadians to set a 2- drink weekly limit to avoid potential health risks. Canadian experts argue that the latest evidence proves no amount of alcohol is truly safe.
What are alcohol guidelines in the first place, and what are they based on? Every country is different, but usually guidelines are set by governments according to scientific research and influenced by the cultural traditions of the population.
The World Health Organization reports that Europeans drink the most alcohol of all regions and advises that no amount of alcohol is safe. In light of that position, let’s look at a brief overview of drinking guidelines in Europe according to the 2023 European Commission report:
How do these recommendations compare to those in North America?
The current report is the final result of the guideline review initiative launched in 2020 by the CCSA. The guidelines were developed in 2011, but since then “the evidence on the impact of alcohol on health and its contribution to social harms has advanced considerably.” The update, in turn, addresses these new findings.
The main message of the report is loud and clear: “We now know that even a small amount of alcohol can be damaging to health.”
According to CTV News, “While acknowledging that 40 percent of people living in Canada aged 15 and older consume more than six standard drinks per week, the report warns that no amount of alcohol is safe to consume.” Instead, it “recommends a new cap on weekly alcohol consumption that is significantly lower than the previous one” — 2 drinks per week for both men and women — and suggests that those who are breastfeeding or trying to conceive should skip the booze altogether.
The report lays out a “continuum of risk associated with average weekly alcohol consumption” to make it clear what low vs. moderate or high risk really looks like. Here’s the summary of the risks, as outlined in Canada’s Guidance on Alcohol and Health: Final Report:
Here’s how Taryn Grieder, a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto, sums it up:
“Alcohol is a psychoactive drug. Occasional use isn’t going to have really significant effects. Even if you occasionally use something like heroin, you probably wouldn’t see significant effects on your life. But that’s the thing: people aren’t using alcohol occasionally — they’re using it every day … The hope is that people will moderate their usage and not drink every day, because we’ve seen research that has shown that alcohol is a carcinogen.”
So what type of risk are we talking about exactly? The report goes into detail about the most recent research regarding the health issues caused by alcohol.
The report goes on to describe the many other public health consequences of alcohol consumption beyond the risks to personal health.
Needless to say, the report hasn’t gone unnoticed in Canada (or outside its borders) — and many people are up in arms about it. Some disagree outright, some say the report is greatly exaggerated and borders on fear mongering, while others say it’s simply talking about risk assessment and shouldn’t be taken at face value.
A CBC article focuses on the fact that the report is based on risk analysis: “It outlines exactly how many years of life — averaged over the lives of 1,000 males and 1,000 females — would be lost, depending on how many drinks they ingested per week and what disease they had.” The article goes on to suggest that these calculations of risk don’t translate all that well into realistic advice for actual (not hypothetical or “average”) people, and should therefore be taken with a grain of salt.
Still, the science is pretty clear when it comes to what alcohol does to our bodies and minds, so it makes sense to revisit this subject now that more information is available. It also goes without saying that this information should be accessible to everyone. There have been many myths about alcohol and even scientific studies that have been quietly debunked. For example, there’s the idea that moderate drinkers supposedly have a lower risk of mortality than nondrinkers — an idea that was based on studies with serious flaws.
Ultimately, Canada’s new guidelines come down to providing the public with all of the information necessary for each person to make the decision that’s best for them. Professor of family medicine at the University of Saskatchewan Peter Butt told The Guardian, “We wanted to [simply present] the evidence to the Canadian public, so they could reflect on their drinking and make informed decisions … It’s fundamentally based on the right to know.”
The report also provides some tips for safety around alcohol, which can be useful for anyone trying to watch their intake:
In the end, alcohol guidelines in any country are just that — guidelines. It’s up to us to make decisions based on the knowledge we gather from various sources, our own life experience, and knowledge of ourselves. When it comes to deciding what role we would like alcohol to play in our lives, it’s best to keep an open mind and approach the question in the spirit of exploration and curiosity. After all, there is so much to discover in sobriety. Letting our views of alcohol evolve as we learn more about alcohol and how it affects our bodies and minds can only make our lives better.
Regulating anything — let alone alcohol — is a tricky task. As Aldous Huxley writes in The Doors of Perception / Heaven and Hell, “The problems raised by alcohol and tobacco cannot, it goes without saying, be solved by prohibition. The universal and ever-present urge to self-transcendence is not to be abolished by slamming the currently popular Doors in the Wall. The only reasonable policy is to open other, better doors in the hope of inducing men and women to exchange their old bad habits for new and less harmful ones.”
While Huxley is actually talking about hallucinogens in this quote, the same goes for alcohol as well: as we learned the hard way from the Prohibition Era, you can’t tell people not to drink, especially if you’re the government.
Instead, modern governments frame their advice as guidelines for safe alcohol use and present them as health initiatives backed by scientific evidence. We are free to choose what we do with that information, and nobody over a certain age (19 in Canada, 21 in the United States) is likely to be prohibited from drinking in North America (as long as they’re not behind the wheel, performing surgery, working on a construction site, or doing anything else where their impairment would pose a risk to others).
However, when it comes to Canada’s new guidelines for safe alcohol consumption, some folks have been left a bit shaken. The guidelines, passed in 2023 after extensive review by the Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CCSA), urge Canadians to set a 2- drink weekly limit to avoid potential health risks. Canadian experts argue that the latest evidence proves no amount of alcohol is truly safe.
What are alcohol guidelines in the first place, and what are they based on? Every country is different, but usually guidelines are set by governments according to scientific research and influenced by the cultural traditions of the population.
The World Health Organization reports that Europeans drink the most alcohol of all regions and advises that no amount of alcohol is safe. In light of that position, let’s look at a brief overview of drinking guidelines in Europe according to the 2023 European Commission report:
How do these recommendations compare to those in North America?
The current report is the final result of the guideline review initiative launched in 2020 by the CCSA. The guidelines were developed in 2011, but since then “the evidence on the impact of alcohol on health and its contribution to social harms has advanced considerably.” The update, in turn, addresses these new findings.
The main message of the report is loud and clear: “We now know that even a small amount of alcohol can be damaging to health.”
According to CTV News, “While acknowledging that 40 percent of people living in Canada aged 15 and older consume more than six standard drinks per week, the report warns that no amount of alcohol is safe to consume.” Instead, it “recommends a new cap on weekly alcohol consumption that is significantly lower than the previous one” — 2 drinks per week for both men and women — and suggests that those who are breastfeeding or trying to conceive should skip the booze altogether.
The report lays out a “continuum of risk associated with average weekly alcohol consumption” to make it clear what low vs. moderate or high risk really looks like. Here’s the summary of the risks, as outlined in Canada’s Guidance on Alcohol and Health: Final Report:
Here’s how Taryn Grieder, a professor of psychology at the University of Toronto, sums it up:
“Alcohol is a psychoactive drug. Occasional use isn’t going to have really significant effects. Even if you occasionally use something like heroin, you probably wouldn’t see significant effects on your life. But that’s the thing: people aren’t using alcohol occasionally — they’re using it every day … The hope is that people will moderate their usage and not drink every day, because we’ve seen research that has shown that alcohol is a carcinogen.”
So what type of risk are we talking about exactly? The report goes into detail about the most recent research regarding the health issues caused by alcohol.
The report goes on to describe the many other public health consequences of alcohol consumption beyond the risks to personal health.
Needless to say, the report hasn’t gone unnoticed in Canada (or outside its borders) — and many people are up in arms about it. Some disagree outright, some say the report is greatly exaggerated and borders on fear mongering, while others say it’s simply talking about risk assessment and shouldn’t be taken at face value.
A CBC article focuses on the fact that the report is based on risk analysis: “It outlines exactly how many years of life — averaged over the lives of 1,000 males and 1,000 females — would be lost, depending on how many drinks they ingested per week and what disease they had.” The article goes on to suggest that these calculations of risk don’t translate all that well into realistic advice for actual (not hypothetical or “average”) people, and should therefore be taken with a grain of salt.
Still, the science is pretty clear when it comes to what alcohol does to our bodies and minds, so it makes sense to revisit this subject now that more information is available. It also goes without saying that this information should be accessible to everyone. There have been many myths about alcohol and even scientific studies that have been quietly debunked. For example, there’s the idea that moderate drinkers supposedly have a lower risk of mortality than nondrinkers — an idea that was based on studies with serious flaws.
Ultimately, Canada’s new guidelines come down to providing the public with all of the information necessary for each person to make the decision that’s best for them. Professor of family medicine at the University of Saskatchewan Peter Butt told The Guardian, “We wanted to [simply present] the evidence to the Canadian public, so they could reflect on their drinking and make informed decisions … It’s fundamentally based on the right to know.”
The report also provides some tips for safety around alcohol, which can be useful for anyone trying to watch their intake:
In the end, alcohol guidelines in any country are just that — guidelines. It’s up to us to make decisions based on the knowledge we gather from various sources, our own life experience, and knowledge of ourselves. When it comes to deciding what role we would like alcohol to play in our lives, it’s best to keep an open mind and approach the question in the spirit of exploration and curiosity. After all, there is so much to discover in sobriety. Letting our views of alcohol evolve as we learn more about alcohol and how it affects our bodies and minds can only make our lives better.
Explore the profound effects of alcoholism on families and children of alcoholic parents. Plus learn how to help and protect your well-being.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet hundreds of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
A common misconception around alcohol misuse is that it only affects the person who is drinking — but this is far from true. Alcohol misuse can have far-reaching effects on family members, friends, and loved ones of those who drink. This is why we typically hear that alcohol ruins relationships.
In this post, we’ll explore how alcoholism affects families, including the toll it takes on children of alcoholic parents. We’ll also offer tips on how to help a loved one who struggles with alcohol misuse. Let’s get started!
Before we look at the effect of alcoholism on families, let’s first define alcoholism. Otherwise known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), alcoholism is a chronic, complex medical condition characterized by an unhealthy pattern of alcohol consumption.
Symptoms of alcohol use disorder typically involve having strong cravings for alcohol, a physical dependence on alcohol, an inability to control drinking behavior, increased tolerance (or needing more alcohol to achieve the desired effect), and withdrawal symptoms when not drinking.
Alcoholism affects nearly every aspect of a person’s life, from their physical and mental health to their relationships and overall quality of life. Sadly, 29.5 million people ages 12 and older had alcohol use disorder in 2021, according to data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
Research suggests that about 1 in 10 children lives with a parent who has an alcohol use disorder, and about 1 in 5 adults lived with a person who used alcohol when they were growing up. So, how exactly does this affect them? Alcoholism has some profound psychological and emotional effects on families:
Trust is the foundation upon which healthy relationships are built. Sadly, trust is one of the first things to go when a family member is struggling with alcohol misuse. Since alcohol becomes the center of their world, it’s common for people with alcohol use disorder to break promises, abandon plans, or neglect their responsibilities. This can cause family members to lose trust and get caught in a cycle of hope and disappointment.
Living with an alcoholic can create great fear and anxiety due to their unpredictable behavior. Family members might find themselves walking on eggshells or afraid to say things that might trigger an explosive reaction. Living in constant fear can lead to chronic stress, which takes a toll on a person’s physical and mental health. In other words, family members of alcoholics live in a mentally and emotionally exhausting environment. This fear and anxiety can cause family members to isolate themselves, which further damages their emotional and mental well-being.
Alcohol can cause people to become volatile and aggressive. It’s common for arguments and conflicts to break out within a family unit if someone has alcohol use disorder. In fact, normal family activities can often become dangerous or traumatic due to the alcoholic’s behavior.
Furthermore, studies have shown that alcoholism is associated with a greater likelihood of domestic violence. As a result, family members may experience long-term psychological and emotional damage that can take years to heal. It can also perpetuate a cycle of trauma and dysfunction since the toxic environment becomes their “norm.”
Research shows that growing up with a parent who misuses alcohol can have profound and long-lasting psychological and emotional effects. Here are some of the more common:
There is often a great deal of denial, lying, and keeping secrets in the homes of people with alcohol misuse. As a result, children start to learn that they can’t trust their parent. For instance, perhaps their parent promised to quit drinking but continually failed to follow through. Over time, these broken promises can create serious trust issues that last into adulthood. Because of this, adult children of parents with alcohol misuse often struggle with romantic relationships; they avoid getting too close to others for fear of being disappointed yet again.
Furthermore, if a child’s parent was mean or abusive when they drank, adult children can grow up with a fear of all angry people. They may spend their lives avoiding conflict or confrontation for fear that it could turn violent.
Children with parents who have alcohol use disorder often develop negative self-images and are incredibly hard on themselves. Because children are dependent on caregivers, their self-perception develops as a reflection of how they are viewed by their parents. A parent misusing alcohol may neglect their child or lash out at them, which can cause life-long issues with self-image.
Even as adults, many children who grew up with alcohol misuse struggle with confidence, self-doubt, feelings of inadequacy, and low self-worth. They may come to see themselves as different from other people and never good enough. Sadly, this can create further isolation, making it difficult for them to interact with others and form relationships.
Many children of parents who misuse alcohol have a skewed notion of what it means to be “normal.” Alcohol can create tremendous dysfunction within the family system, preventing children from experiencing a stable living environment. Because drinking is often normalized in the homes of people with alcohol misuse, children can struggle to distinguish between “good” role models and “bad” ones. They also might end up feeling conflicted, confused, and self-conscious when they realize that drinking isn’t considered normal in other families.
Children may feel responsible for their parents or siblings and find themselves behaving more like a parent, especially if their parent is absent or unable to function. This can lead to a host of negative emotions — fear, shame, embarrassment, anger, guilt, and denial — which they learn to hide as a defense mechanism. However, hiding negative emotions for extended periods can cause people to shut down all emotions in adulthood. Positive emotions, such as love, joy, and excitement, can become just as difficult to experience and express as the negative ones.
Living in a household with a parent misusing alcohol often brings a great deal of chaos and instability. As a result, children feel vulnerable and helpless. This lack of control can result in an extreme need for control in adulthood — over their life, the situations they find themselves in, or the behaviors of others. An intense need for control can lead to problems with forming and maintaining healthy relationships.
At a young age, children with a parent who is misusing alcohol learn to become aware of potential dangers or threats to their safety and well-being. This can lead to hypervigilance, an increased state of awareness that causes sensitivity to surroundings. As an adult, extreme and excessive attentiveness can distract from work, family life, and other relationships, causing them to continually be “on guard.” Even if some dangers aren’t real, they become obsessed with knowing all the possible dangers. Experts believe that hypervigilance stems from the shame and pain experienced in childhood of having parents with alcohol use disorder.
Many parents with alcohol misuse are emotionally or physically detached. This can cause a child to develop a debilitating fear of abandonment. In adulthood, these children often hold onto toxic relationships for fear of being alone. Similarly, many children of parents with alcohol misuse constantly seek approval from others and base their self-worth on helping others. They can become people-pleasers who are devastated if someone isn’t happy with them; they live in fear of criticism. This can also drive them to become perfectionists, overachievers, or workaholics with a strong sense of responsibility.
If we know that a parent or family member is misusing alcohol, it’s important to try to get them help. But it’s equally important to protect ourselves. With that in mind, here are 5 tips:
Alcoholism doesn’t just affect the person drinking, it affects everyone around them. Family members of alcoholics and children of alcoholic parents face great challenges, from fear and anxiety to long-term psychological damage. While we can help support someone with alcohol use disorder and encourage them to get help, we have to remember that it’s ultimately up to them to make a change. When we’re facing the challenge of an alcoholic loved one, it’s vital to take care of ourselves and do everything we can to protect our physical, emotional, and mental well-being.
If you or someone you know is struggling with alcohol, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and develop healthier lifestyle habits.
A common misconception around alcohol misuse is that it only affects the person who is drinking — but this is far from true. Alcohol misuse can have far-reaching effects on family members, friends, and loved ones of those who drink. This is why we typically hear that alcohol ruins relationships.
In this post, we’ll explore how alcoholism affects families, including the toll it takes on children of alcoholic parents. We’ll also offer tips on how to help a loved one who struggles with alcohol misuse. Let’s get started!
Before we look at the effect of alcoholism on families, let’s first define alcoholism. Otherwise known as alcohol use disorder (AUD), alcoholism is a chronic, complex medical condition characterized by an unhealthy pattern of alcohol consumption.
Symptoms of alcohol use disorder typically involve having strong cravings for alcohol, a physical dependence on alcohol, an inability to control drinking behavior, increased tolerance (or needing more alcohol to achieve the desired effect), and withdrawal symptoms when not drinking.
Alcoholism affects nearly every aspect of a person’s life, from their physical and mental health to their relationships and overall quality of life. Sadly, 29.5 million people ages 12 and older had alcohol use disorder in 2021, according to data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).
Research suggests that about 1 in 10 children lives with a parent who has an alcohol use disorder, and about 1 in 5 adults lived with a person who used alcohol when they were growing up. So, how exactly does this affect them? Alcoholism has some profound psychological and emotional effects on families:
Trust is the foundation upon which healthy relationships are built. Sadly, trust is one of the first things to go when a family member is struggling with alcohol misuse. Since alcohol becomes the center of their world, it’s common for people with alcohol use disorder to break promises, abandon plans, or neglect their responsibilities. This can cause family members to lose trust and get caught in a cycle of hope and disappointment.
Living with an alcoholic can create great fear and anxiety due to their unpredictable behavior. Family members might find themselves walking on eggshells or afraid to say things that might trigger an explosive reaction. Living in constant fear can lead to chronic stress, which takes a toll on a person’s physical and mental health. In other words, family members of alcoholics live in a mentally and emotionally exhausting environment. This fear and anxiety can cause family members to isolate themselves, which further damages their emotional and mental well-being.
Alcohol can cause people to become volatile and aggressive. It’s common for arguments and conflicts to break out within a family unit if someone has alcohol use disorder. In fact, normal family activities can often become dangerous or traumatic due to the alcoholic’s behavior.
Furthermore, studies have shown that alcoholism is associated with a greater likelihood of domestic violence. As a result, family members may experience long-term psychological and emotional damage that can take years to heal. It can also perpetuate a cycle of trauma and dysfunction since the toxic environment becomes their “norm.”
Research shows that growing up with a parent who misuses alcohol can have profound and long-lasting psychological and emotional effects. Here are some of the more common:
There is often a great deal of denial, lying, and keeping secrets in the homes of people with alcohol misuse. As a result, children start to learn that they can’t trust their parent. For instance, perhaps their parent promised to quit drinking but continually failed to follow through. Over time, these broken promises can create serious trust issues that last into adulthood. Because of this, adult children of parents with alcohol misuse often struggle with romantic relationships; they avoid getting too close to others for fear of being disappointed yet again.
Furthermore, if a child’s parent was mean or abusive when they drank, adult children can grow up with a fear of all angry people. They may spend their lives avoiding conflict or confrontation for fear that it could turn violent.
Children with parents who have alcohol use disorder often develop negative self-images and are incredibly hard on themselves. Because children are dependent on caregivers, their self-perception develops as a reflection of how they are viewed by their parents. A parent misusing alcohol may neglect their child or lash out at them, which can cause life-long issues with self-image.
Even as adults, many children who grew up with alcohol misuse struggle with confidence, self-doubt, feelings of inadequacy, and low self-worth. They may come to see themselves as different from other people and never good enough. Sadly, this can create further isolation, making it difficult for them to interact with others and form relationships.
Many children of parents who misuse alcohol have a skewed notion of what it means to be “normal.” Alcohol can create tremendous dysfunction within the family system, preventing children from experiencing a stable living environment. Because drinking is often normalized in the homes of people with alcohol misuse, children can struggle to distinguish between “good” role models and “bad” ones. They also might end up feeling conflicted, confused, and self-conscious when they realize that drinking isn’t considered normal in other families.
Children may feel responsible for their parents or siblings and find themselves behaving more like a parent, especially if their parent is absent or unable to function. This can lead to a host of negative emotions — fear, shame, embarrassment, anger, guilt, and denial — which they learn to hide as a defense mechanism. However, hiding negative emotions for extended periods can cause people to shut down all emotions in adulthood. Positive emotions, such as love, joy, and excitement, can become just as difficult to experience and express as the negative ones.
Living in a household with a parent misusing alcohol often brings a great deal of chaos and instability. As a result, children feel vulnerable and helpless. This lack of control can result in an extreme need for control in adulthood — over their life, the situations they find themselves in, or the behaviors of others. An intense need for control can lead to problems with forming and maintaining healthy relationships.
At a young age, children with a parent who is misusing alcohol learn to become aware of potential dangers or threats to their safety and well-being. This can lead to hypervigilance, an increased state of awareness that causes sensitivity to surroundings. As an adult, extreme and excessive attentiveness can distract from work, family life, and other relationships, causing them to continually be “on guard.” Even if some dangers aren’t real, they become obsessed with knowing all the possible dangers. Experts believe that hypervigilance stems from the shame and pain experienced in childhood of having parents with alcohol use disorder.
Many parents with alcohol misuse are emotionally or physically detached. This can cause a child to develop a debilitating fear of abandonment. In adulthood, these children often hold onto toxic relationships for fear of being alone. Similarly, many children of parents with alcohol misuse constantly seek approval from others and base their self-worth on helping others. They can become people-pleasers who are devastated if someone isn’t happy with them; they live in fear of criticism. This can also drive them to become perfectionists, overachievers, or workaholics with a strong sense of responsibility.
If we know that a parent or family member is misusing alcohol, it’s important to try to get them help. But it’s equally important to protect ourselves. With that in mind, here are 5 tips:
Alcoholism doesn’t just affect the person drinking, it affects everyone around them. Family members of alcoholics and children of alcoholic parents face great challenges, from fear and anxiety to long-term psychological damage. While we can help support someone with alcohol use disorder and encourage them to get help, we have to remember that it’s ultimately up to them to make a change. When we’re facing the challenge of an alcoholic loved one, it’s vital to take care of ourselves and do everything we can to protect our physical, emotional, and mental well-being.
If you or someone you know is struggling with alcohol, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and develop healthier lifestyle habits.
Debunking the myths and stigmas around alcoholism to understand how stigma affects the recovery process and rebuild our narrative around alcoholism!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
What do you think of when you hear the word “alcoholic”? A person who is bad, weak, or lacks self control? Someone who is nonfunctional and a “failure”? Do you associate a certain racial or ethnic group with alcoholism? Does your opinion of a person change when you find out they suffer from alcohol misuse? All of these help form the stigma we have around alcoholism and shape our perceptions of other people. However, this stigma can become very harmful, especially for people in the recovery process. So, to move beyond it, let’s debunk some myths around alcoholism and reshape our social narrative!
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), more commonly known as alcoholism, is a medical condition that affects 28.6 million adults in the United States.
Alcohol itself has a long history of consumption across different cultures and time periods, yet AUD as a disease and public health issue is only recently understood. As a result, many pervading misconceptions around alcoholism create stigma for people suffering from AUD.
Stigma around alcoholism distorts our perception of the condition and hinders our empathy. It is a social construct, deeply embedded in the way communities view alcohol use and those who struggle with it.
Alcoholism is often misunderstood as a choice, a lifestyle rather than a complex disease. This misunderstanding is a fundamental component of the stigma, suggesting a simple “opt-out” when, in reality, the struggle is with a chronic illness.
The language around alcoholism is often negative, and the words used to describe alcoholism perpetuate existing stigma. Terms like "drunk" or "addict" carry negative stereotypes that define and limit an individual's identity.
Those labeled as alcoholics may face social rejection and be considered unreliable or untrustworthy. The stigma can lead to a harmful self-image in which we hide our battle against alcoholism. This creates a social divide, adding to the sense of isolation and shame a person suffering from AUD might already feel.
Stigma can also intersect with other forms of discrimination, compounding the challenges faced by people from marginalized communities who are dealing with alcoholism. Discrimination due to alcoholism can affect their social lives and professional livelihoods.
Moreover, the journey to recovery is often oversimplified, with the expectation that we can simply choose to stop drinking. This fails to acknowledge the deep-rooted psychological and physiological dependencies involved in alcoholism. Alcoholism is a complex disorder that requires multiple forms of interventions, and it can co-occur with other severe mental illnesses like PTSD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
Due to the potential negative repercussions, many individuals choose to hide their struggle with alcoholism, preventing them from seeking the help and support they need.
Stigma around alcoholism is multifaceted, but each facet is created by different misconceptions. Now that we have an overview of what alcoholism is and the stigma around it, let’s debunk some common myths around alcoholism.
Alcoholism is often shrouded in myth. Contrary to existing stereotypes, alcoholism can affect anyone, no matter their age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, or background. The image of an "alcoholic" as a bad, irresponsible person is misleading. To understand the full scope of the illness, let’s debunk some myths around alcoholism.
The pervasive myth is that alcoholism affects only those who've "failed" to maintain social norms. Reality paints a very different picture. Alcoholism can be found in every corner of society, from the boardroom to the artist's studio. It affects high-powered professionals, loving parents, and respected elders alike. Addiction can occur at any stage of life and equally affect people who are successes or outcasts.
Another common stereotype is that alcoholism is the result of youthful recklessness. But this is a gross oversimplification. While it's true that alcoholism can take root in the younger years, it can also develop later in life, often as a response to major life changes like retirement, loss, or chronic stress.
The stereotype suggests a one-dimensional image of someone with alcoholism: often unkempt, frequently drunk in public, and struggling with work and relationships. The reality is that alcoholism has many faces. Many alcoholics are highly functional in their professional and personal lives because they keep their struggle secret. There are people who may not drink daily but engage in binge drinking patterns that are harmful — and signs of alcoholism.
The idea that only people with “addictive personalities” or weak willpower develop alcoholism is another pervasive myth. In reality, alcoholism can affect anyone, regardless of their personality traits. Factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and co-occurring mental health conditions affect the development of alcoholism — far beyond the scope of personality alone.
While denial can be a part of alcoholism, it's not a universal experience. Many are painfully aware of their struggles with alcohol and desperately want to change. They may be fully aware of the harm it's causing them and their loved ones, but they find it difficult to break free from the cycle of addiction due to the complex interplay of physiological and psychological dependencies.
The notion that recovery from alcoholism is rare and temporary is another myth that needs dispelling. Many people recover from alcoholism and go on to lead fulfilling, sober lives. While the journey is not without its challenges, including the potential for relapse, recovery is a realistic, attainable goal with the right support and treatment.
Stigma doesn't emerge in a vacuum. It's woven from a variety of sources, each contributing to a distorted view of alcoholism. To counter stigma, we must understand and address these underlying sources.
By identifying these sources, we can begin to unravel the complex tapestry of stigma, crafting new patterns of understanding and acceptance.
The effects of stigma are often invisible. Yet stigma is a very real social and psychological burden, causing detrimental effects that can slow the recovery process.
Understanding these negative effects underscores the need for a compassionate approach to alcoholism. As we work to dismantle the stigma, we open the door for more individuals to embrace recovery without the added weight of societal judgment.
The fight against stigma cannot be silent. It starts with education, teaching that alcoholism is a medical issue not a moral one. It grows with empathy, listening to and sharing stories of struggle and success. It continues with advocacy, challenging stigma in public discourse and policies. Here are the many ways we can fight together to redefine the narrative around alcoholism:
With these steps, we can create a world where the stigma around alcoholism is replaced with support, where each person is met with empathy, and where our collective spirit stands in solidarity.
Behind the label lies a person — a person with dreams, struggles, and the courage to face them head-on. As we journey towards recovery, remember this is a personal story, a story of renewal from which we’ll emerge stronger, wiser, and more empowered. We can work together to redefine the meaning of this journey and, in doing so, change the meaning of our lives.
What do you think of when you hear the word “alcoholic”? A person who is bad, weak, or lacks self control? Someone who is nonfunctional and a “failure”? Do you associate a certain racial or ethnic group with alcoholism? Does your opinion of a person change when you find out they suffer from alcohol misuse? All of these help form the stigma we have around alcoholism and shape our perceptions of other people. However, this stigma can become very harmful, especially for people in the recovery process. So, to move beyond it, let’s debunk some myths around alcoholism and reshape our social narrative!
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), more commonly known as alcoholism, is a medical condition that affects 28.6 million adults in the United States.
Alcohol itself has a long history of consumption across different cultures and time periods, yet AUD as a disease and public health issue is only recently understood. As a result, many pervading misconceptions around alcoholism create stigma for people suffering from AUD.
Stigma around alcoholism distorts our perception of the condition and hinders our empathy. It is a social construct, deeply embedded in the way communities view alcohol use and those who struggle with it.
Alcoholism is often misunderstood as a choice, a lifestyle rather than a complex disease. This misunderstanding is a fundamental component of the stigma, suggesting a simple “opt-out” when, in reality, the struggle is with a chronic illness.
The language around alcoholism is often negative, and the words used to describe alcoholism perpetuate existing stigma. Terms like "drunk" or "addict" carry negative stereotypes that define and limit an individual's identity.
Those labeled as alcoholics may face social rejection and be considered unreliable or untrustworthy. The stigma can lead to a harmful self-image in which we hide our battle against alcoholism. This creates a social divide, adding to the sense of isolation and shame a person suffering from AUD might already feel.
Stigma can also intersect with other forms of discrimination, compounding the challenges faced by people from marginalized communities who are dealing with alcoholism. Discrimination due to alcoholism can affect their social lives and professional livelihoods.
Moreover, the journey to recovery is often oversimplified, with the expectation that we can simply choose to stop drinking. This fails to acknowledge the deep-rooted psychological and physiological dependencies involved in alcoholism. Alcoholism is a complex disorder that requires multiple forms of interventions, and it can co-occur with other severe mental illnesses like PTSD, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
Due to the potential negative repercussions, many individuals choose to hide their struggle with alcoholism, preventing them from seeking the help and support they need.
Stigma around alcoholism is multifaceted, but each facet is created by different misconceptions. Now that we have an overview of what alcoholism is and the stigma around it, let’s debunk some common myths around alcoholism.
Alcoholism is often shrouded in myth. Contrary to existing stereotypes, alcoholism can affect anyone, no matter their age, gender, race, socioeconomic status, or background. The image of an "alcoholic" as a bad, irresponsible person is misleading. To understand the full scope of the illness, let’s debunk some myths around alcoholism.
The pervasive myth is that alcoholism affects only those who've "failed" to maintain social norms. Reality paints a very different picture. Alcoholism can be found in every corner of society, from the boardroom to the artist's studio. It affects high-powered professionals, loving parents, and respected elders alike. Addiction can occur at any stage of life and equally affect people who are successes or outcasts.
Another common stereotype is that alcoholism is the result of youthful recklessness. But this is a gross oversimplification. While it's true that alcoholism can take root in the younger years, it can also develop later in life, often as a response to major life changes like retirement, loss, or chronic stress.
The stereotype suggests a one-dimensional image of someone with alcoholism: often unkempt, frequently drunk in public, and struggling with work and relationships. The reality is that alcoholism has many faces. Many alcoholics are highly functional in their professional and personal lives because they keep their struggle secret. There are people who may not drink daily but engage in binge drinking patterns that are harmful — and signs of alcoholism.
The idea that only people with “addictive personalities” or weak willpower develop alcoholism is another pervasive myth. In reality, alcoholism can affect anyone, regardless of their personality traits. Factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and co-occurring mental health conditions affect the development of alcoholism — far beyond the scope of personality alone.
While denial can be a part of alcoholism, it's not a universal experience. Many are painfully aware of their struggles with alcohol and desperately want to change. They may be fully aware of the harm it's causing them and their loved ones, but they find it difficult to break free from the cycle of addiction due to the complex interplay of physiological and psychological dependencies.
The notion that recovery from alcoholism is rare and temporary is another myth that needs dispelling. Many people recover from alcoholism and go on to lead fulfilling, sober lives. While the journey is not without its challenges, including the potential for relapse, recovery is a realistic, attainable goal with the right support and treatment.
Stigma doesn't emerge in a vacuum. It's woven from a variety of sources, each contributing to a distorted view of alcoholism. To counter stigma, we must understand and address these underlying sources.
By identifying these sources, we can begin to unravel the complex tapestry of stigma, crafting new patterns of understanding and acceptance.
The effects of stigma are often invisible. Yet stigma is a very real social and psychological burden, causing detrimental effects that can slow the recovery process.
Understanding these negative effects underscores the need for a compassionate approach to alcoholism. As we work to dismantle the stigma, we open the door for more individuals to embrace recovery without the added weight of societal judgment.
The fight against stigma cannot be silent. It starts with education, teaching that alcoholism is a medical issue not a moral one. It grows with empathy, listening to and sharing stories of struggle and success. It continues with advocacy, challenging stigma in public discourse and policies. Here are the many ways we can fight together to redefine the narrative around alcoholism:
With these steps, we can create a world where the stigma around alcoholism is replaced with support, where each person is met with empathy, and where our collective spirit stands in solidarity.
Behind the label lies a person — a person with dreams, struggles, and the courage to face them head-on. As we journey towards recovery, remember this is a personal story, a story of renewal from which we’ll emerge stronger, wiser, and more empowered. We can work together to redefine the meaning of this journey and, in doing so, change the meaning of our lives.
Can you be allergic to wine? Science says yes — read about the most common allergens, symptoms, and treatment in our latest blog.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
American humorist James Thurber once revealed, “I used to wake up at 4 A.M. and start sneezing, sometimes for five hours. I tried to find out what sort of allergy I had but finally came to the conclusion that it must be an allergy to consciousness.”
Luckily, most of the time when we are allergic to something, we can figure out what it is. Maybe it’s something in our environment — cats, dust mites, pollen, cottonwood trees. Or maybe it’s something in our diet — peanuts, pineapples, wheat.
If you've ever experienced an unexpected reaction to a glass of wine, you're not alone. Wine allergies are real and sometimes puzzling issues. As we go through this guide, remember that it's all about making informed choices, especially for those considering reducing or quitting alcohol. Let's break it down.
In a nutshell, allergies are misguided responses by our immune system to substances perceived as threats. These substances are met with the full force of our body’s defense mechanisms. The “culprits” could be pretty much anything: foods, plants, animal dander, and even certain chemicals.
The immune system responds to allergens just as it does to any “invaders” — in an organized and efficient way by producing Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to neutralize these supposed threats. This reaction triggers the release of histamine and other chemicals, leading to the allergic symptoms familiar to many.
Histamine causes inflammation in the respiratory and digestive tract and makes the blood vessels in these tissues dilate, leading to swelling. The way this defensive reaction shows up in the body can vary, affecting different systems and causing symptoms that can range from mildly irritating to downright dangerous:
That, as they say, is the million dollar question! Nobody knows exactly why, but it’s probably a mixture of genetics and environmental factors.
Yes! Just as any other food, wine can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Officially — according to the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and the World Allergy Organization (WAO) — an allergy to wine is defined as a “hypersensitivity” and is distinct from “methanol intoxication” as well as from wine intolerance. In other words, being drunk on wine, being allergic to it, and being intolerant are three separate things.
Just like any other allergy, a wine allergy involves the immune system. Here's what we might be looking at when it comes to wine allergy symptoms in particular:
Several ingredients or components in wine could be the culprits: sulfites, grapes, yeast, and proteins. However, if the ethanol itself is the problem, then — as previously mentioned — the issue is an intolerance rather than a true allergy, which involves an IgE-mediated response.
When it comes to having an allergic reaction to wine, the most common cause is sulfites — a common preservative used in processed foods and drinks. While some sulfites are naturally occurring, others are added to keep wines fresh and extend their shelf life. Here’s a summary of their role in the winemaking process:
While sulfites are generally harmless to most people, they can cause problems for those with sulfite sensitivity or allergies. For one reason or another, their immune system responds to sulfites by releasing IgE into the bloodstream. The defensive protein then recruits other immune cells — basophils and mast cells — to douse the body with histamine as a protective response against the perceived “invader.”
A doctor or allergy specialist can help diagnose the condition and most likely will advise the patient to stay away from foods or drinks that contain sulfites. In addition to wine, there are a few other foods that are high in sulfites — an amount high enough that anyone with a sulfite allergy is usually told to stay away from:
Those especially sensitive to sulfites will also need to stay away from dried potatoes, fruit toppings (including Maraschino cherries), gravies, and wine vinegar. Nevertheless, for those with a sulfite allergy, wine is definitely off the menu.
Grapes are the true heart of wine, but they can also be the cause of a wine allergy. Research shows that this is a lot more rare, yet case studies show that some people are, indeed, allergic to grapes — usually in combination with other fruits such as cherries or peaches. While some of the case studies reported mild symptoms — sneezing, runny nose, and the like — rare cases of anaphylactic shock caused by grape allergies have occurred.
The variety of grape, as well as individual sensitivity levels, can make a difference as well. Different types of grapes contain varying levels of proteins and allergens, and the winemaking process can also affect these levels. For example, the skin, seeds, and stems of grapes — where most of the allergens are concentrated — may induce a more severe allergic response. The process of making red wine involves using these parts of the grape, so those with grape allergies tend to be more sensitive to red wine.
Diagnosing a grape allergy involves a few steps:
Next on the list of suspects? Yeast. It is a key player in the winemaking process, responsible for the fermentation process that transforms grape sugars into alcohol. Typically, once fermentation is complete, yeasts are removed from the final product. However, traces can remain, and these can be problematic for those who happen to be allergic.
As with grapes, symptoms can range from the more innocent skin or respiratory reactions to gastrointestinal issues or even anaphylaxis. Testing is similar as well — an elimination diet to narrow down the possible culprit, skin prick tests, or specific IgE blood tests to identify yeast as the allergen.
Those with yeast allergies may also have reactions to things like breads, beers, ciders, and fermented products such as soy sauce or kombucha.
While we talked about the proteins in grapes and yeast as potential allergens, there are other types of proteins in the mix that could be the cause of the problem.
Why would there be proteins in our wine in the first place, other than the ones found in grapes and yeast? As it turns out, some proteins — enzymes, to be exact — are introduced during the winemaking process as a way to enhance the wine’s flavor, clarity, and stability. Enzymes are naturally occurring proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. Here’s how they are used to improve various aspects of winemaking:
All of these extra proteins are harmless for most people. However, for those with a yeast allergy, they could be the dealbreaker that makes that particular wine a no-go.
As we’ve noted, red wine tends to cause more allergic reactions to white, and data back this up.
One of the reasons red wine tends to cause more allergic reactions has to do with tannins, which are more prevalent in red wines. Tannins are a type of polyphenol responsible for the astringent quality of wine — that dry, puckering sensation we might feel when drinking certain reds. Their complex nature means they can sometimes interact with proteins in the body, leading to allergic reactions or intolerances.
Finally, let’s come back to a point we mentioned earlier — alcohol intolerance. The main culprit here is ethanol, the “pure alcohol” part of any alcoholic beverage. While ethanol is not an allergen in the traditional sense, it can cause adverse reactions in some people — reactions that can look a lot like allergies. Here are some of the most common symptoms:
Unlike allergy symptoms, intolerance symptoms are caused by the process of alcohol metabolism. When alcohol is broken down by the liver, it’s converted into a toxic substance known as acetaldehyde before being broken down further into acetic acid. In some people, a genetic mutation leads to a faulty version of the enzyme that runs this process. As a result, acetaldehyde builds up in the system, causing the unpleasant symptoms. It’s often referred to as an “alcohol flush reaction” or sometimes “Asian flush” due to its prevalence in some East Asian populations.
To get to the bottom of wine allergies, here's what you might do:
1. Try to narrow down the root of the problem. To address the problem, you have to first figure out what’s causing it. To pinpoint what’s behind your allergy symptoms, try these steps:
2. Read the labels and talk to the winemakers. If you manage to narrow down a specific ingredient behind your symptoms — such as sulfites, grapes, or yeast — read the labels carefully.
If you’re trying to avoid sulfites, look for wines labeled as "sulfite-free" or "no added sulfites." However, remember that all wines naturally contain some sulfites, so determine your sensitivity and find ones that work for you. Also, sometimes winemakers will know more than the label can tell you, so it never hurts to ask.
3. Try over-the-counter antihistamines. Over-the-counter antihistamines are a tried-and-true method for easing mild symptoms.
4. Consider allergy shots or other treatments. These approaches are much more serious and come with potential side effects, so they’re not usually the first resort. Still, allergy shots can retrain the immune response by exposing it to the “offensive” ingredient in small doses to stimulate a small response, but not enough to trigger a full-blown reaction (it’s the same principle used in most vaccines). There are also medications available — some experimental at this stage — that aim to retrain the immune system entirely in order to prevent the response altogether.
5. Look for alternatives. It’s always an option to explore other beverages — especially if you’re thinking of cutting back or are in the process of rethinking your relationship with alcohol. If that sounds like you, here are some ideas to try:
While allergies can be frustrating to get a grip on, once you figure out what’s causing them, life gets easier. And if that means finding a creative way around certain foods, try to see it as an opportunity to explore!
American humorist James Thurber once revealed, “I used to wake up at 4 A.M. and start sneezing, sometimes for five hours. I tried to find out what sort of allergy I had but finally came to the conclusion that it must be an allergy to consciousness.”
Luckily, most of the time when we are allergic to something, we can figure out what it is. Maybe it’s something in our environment — cats, dust mites, pollen, cottonwood trees. Or maybe it’s something in our diet — peanuts, pineapples, wheat.
If you've ever experienced an unexpected reaction to a glass of wine, you're not alone. Wine allergies are real and sometimes puzzling issues. As we go through this guide, remember that it's all about making informed choices, especially for those considering reducing or quitting alcohol. Let's break it down.
In a nutshell, allergies are misguided responses by our immune system to substances perceived as threats. These substances are met with the full force of our body’s defense mechanisms. The “culprits” could be pretty much anything: foods, plants, animal dander, and even certain chemicals.
The immune system responds to allergens just as it does to any “invaders” — in an organized and efficient way by producing Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to neutralize these supposed threats. This reaction triggers the release of histamine and other chemicals, leading to the allergic symptoms familiar to many.
Histamine causes inflammation in the respiratory and digestive tract and makes the blood vessels in these tissues dilate, leading to swelling. The way this defensive reaction shows up in the body can vary, affecting different systems and causing symptoms that can range from mildly irritating to downright dangerous:
That, as they say, is the million dollar question! Nobody knows exactly why, but it’s probably a mixture of genetics and environmental factors.
Yes! Just as any other food, wine can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Officially — according to the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) and the World Allergy Organization (WAO) — an allergy to wine is defined as a “hypersensitivity” and is distinct from “methanol intoxication” as well as from wine intolerance. In other words, being drunk on wine, being allergic to it, and being intolerant are three separate things.
Just like any other allergy, a wine allergy involves the immune system. Here's what we might be looking at when it comes to wine allergy symptoms in particular:
Several ingredients or components in wine could be the culprits: sulfites, grapes, yeast, and proteins. However, if the ethanol itself is the problem, then — as previously mentioned — the issue is an intolerance rather than a true allergy, which involves an IgE-mediated response.
When it comes to having an allergic reaction to wine, the most common cause is sulfites — a common preservative used in processed foods and drinks. While some sulfites are naturally occurring, others are added to keep wines fresh and extend their shelf life. Here’s a summary of their role in the winemaking process:
While sulfites are generally harmless to most people, they can cause problems for those with sulfite sensitivity or allergies. For one reason or another, their immune system responds to sulfites by releasing IgE into the bloodstream. The defensive protein then recruits other immune cells — basophils and mast cells — to douse the body with histamine as a protective response against the perceived “invader.”
A doctor or allergy specialist can help diagnose the condition and most likely will advise the patient to stay away from foods or drinks that contain sulfites. In addition to wine, there are a few other foods that are high in sulfites — an amount high enough that anyone with a sulfite allergy is usually told to stay away from:
Those especially sensitive to sulfites will also need to stay away from dried potatoes, fruit toppings (including Maraschino cherries), gravies, and wine vinegar. Nevertheless, for those with a sulfite allergy, wine is definitely off the menu.
Grapes are the true heart of wine, but they can also be the cause of a wine allergy. Research shows that this is a lot more rare, yet case studies show that some people are, indeed, allergic to grapes — usually in combination with other fruits such as cherries or peaches. While some of the case studies reported mild symptoms — sneezing, runny nose, and the like — rare cases of anaphylactic shock caused by grape allergies have occurred.
The variety of grape, as well as individual sensitivity levels, can make a difference as well. Different types of grapes contain varying levels of proteins and allergens, and the winemaking process can also affect these levels. For example, the skin, seeds, and stems of grapes — where most of the allergens are concentrated — may induce a more severe allergic response. The process of making red wine involves using these parts of the grape, so those with grape allergies tend to be more sensitive to red wine.
Diagnosing a grape allergy involves a few steps:
Next on the list of suspects? Yeast. It is a key player in the winemaking process, responsible for the fermentation process that transforms grape sugars into alcohol. Typically, once fermentation is complete, yeasts are removed from the final product. However, traces can remain, and these can be problematic for those who happen to be allergic.
As with grapes, symptoms can range from the more innocent skin or respiratory reactions to gastrointestinal issues or even anaphylaxis. Testing is similar as well — an elimination diet to narrow down the possible culprit, skin prick tests, or specific IgE blood tests to identify yeast as the allergen.
Those with yeast allergies may also have reactions to things like breads, beers, ciders, and fermented products such as soy sauce or kombucha.
While we talked about the proteins in grapes and yeast as potential allergens, there are other types of proteins in the mix that could be the cause of the problem.
Why would there be proteins in our wine in the first place, other than the ones found in grapes and yeast? As it turns out, some proteins — enzymes, to be exact — are introduced during the winemaking process as a way to enhance the wine’s flavor, clarity, and stability. Enzymes are naturally occurring proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. Here’s how they are used to improve various aspects of winemaking:
All of these extra proteins are harmless for most people. However, for those with a yeast allergy, they could be the dealbreaker that makes that particular wine a no-go.
As we’ve noted, red wine tends to cause more allergic reactions to white, and data back this up.
One of the reasons red wine tends to cause more allergic reactions has to do with tannins, which are more prevalent in red wines. Tannins are a type of polyphenol responsible for the astringent quality of wine — that dry, puckering sensation we might feel when drinking certain reds. Their complex nature means they can sometimes interact with proteins in the body, leading to allergic reactions or intolerances.
Finally, let’s come back to a point we mentioned earlier — alcohol intolerance. The main culprit here is ethanol, the “pure alcohol” part of any alcoholic beverage. While ethanol is not an allergen in the traditional sense, it can cause adverse reactions in some people — reactions that can look a lot like allergies. Here are some of the most common symptoms:
Unlike allergy symptoms, intolerance symptoms are caused by the process of alcohol metabolism. When alcohol is broken down by the liver, it’s converted into a toxic substance known as acetaldehyde before being broken down further into acetic acid. In some people, a genetic mutation leads to a faulty version of the enzyme that runs this process. As a result, acetaldehyde builds up in the system, causing the unpleasant symptoms. It’s often referred to as an “alcohol flush reaction” or sometimes “Asian flush” due to its prevalence in some East Asian populations.
To get to the bottom of wine allergies, here's what you might do:
1. Try to narrow down the root of the problem. To address the problem, you have to first figure out what’s causing it. To pinpoint what’s behind your allergy symptoms, try these steps:
2. Read the labels and talk to the winemakers. If you manage to narrow down a specific ingredient behind your symptoms — such as sulfites, grapes, or yeast — read the labels carefully.
If you’re trying to avoid sulfites, look for wines labeled as "sulfite-free" or "no added sulfites." However, remember that all wines naturally contain some sulfites, so determine your sensitivity and find ones that work for you. Also, sometimes winemakers will know more than the label can tell you, so it never hurts to ask.
3. Try over-the-counter antihistamines. Over-the-counter antihistamines are a tried-and-true method for easing mild symptoms.
4. Consider allergy shots or other treatments. These approaches are much more serious and come with potential side effects, so they’re not usually the first resort. Still, allergy shots can retrain the immune response by exposing it to the “offensive” ingredient in small doses to stimulate a small response, but not enough to trigger a full-blown reaction (it’s the same principle used in most vaccines). There are also medications available — some experimental at this stage — that aim to retrain the immune system entirely in order to prevent the response altogether.
5. Look for alternatives. It’s always an option to explore other beverages — especially if you’re thinking of cutting back or are in the process of rethinking your relationship with alcohol. If that sounds like you, here are some ideas to try:
While allergies can be frustrating to get a grip on, once you figure out what’s causing them, life gets easier. And if that means finding a creative way around certain foods, try to see it as an opportunity to explore!
