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2023-09-03 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
How Can Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Help With Alcohol Misuse?
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Ready to equip yourself with science-backed strategies for tackling alcohol misuse? Our latest blog uncovers how Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) can be your ultimate too

23 min read

Explore DBT, Find Balance, and Change Your Relationship With Alcohol With Reframe!

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The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

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Read Full Article  →

In the words of Wayne Dyer, overcoming destructive patterns is all about finding balance: “The single most important tool to being in balance is knowing that you and you alone are responsible for the imbalance between what you dream your life is meant to be, and the daily habits that drain life from that dream.”

For many, habits around alcohol can become the biggest source of imbalance. However, our minds are incredibly flexible, and it’s always possible to find our way back!

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (or DBT for short) can be a real game-changer when it comes to understanding and addressing alcohol misuse and reestablishing balance in our lives. And while the term might sound like something out of a fancy science journal, it's a user-friendly, practical approach that anyone can learn.

Diving into DBT: What's It All About?

DBT is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy that emerged in the late 1980s. Designed initially to help people with borderline personality disorder, research soon revealed its efficacy in treating a broad range of mental health disorders, including those linked with substance misuse.

Founded by psychiatrist Marsha Linehan, DBT is a cognitive-behavioral approach that equips individuals with skills to manage emotions, navigate social interactions, and be present in their daily lives.

Fantastic Four

First, let's get to know the four modules that make up this toolkit:

  • Mindfulness. At the heart of DBT lies mindfulness, the practice of being fully immersed in the present moment. Think of it as tuning in to a live broadcast of your life that allows you to observe your thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgment.
  • Emotion regulation. Emotion regulation is about understanding the range and intensity of our feelings, harnessing their power, and ensuring they contribute positively to our lives. It’s less about control and more about understanding and guidance.
  • Distress tolerance. Life isn't without its hiccups, and distress tolerance is all about weathering the storms without getting drenched. It equips us with skills to handle challenging or upsetting situations without resorting to impulsive actions.
  • Interpersonal effectiveness. Imagine having a cheat sheet for social interactions that can help you express needs, set boundaries, and maintain relationships. That’s what this module is all about! It provides strategies to communicate assertively, negotiate differences, and understand others better.

Together, these modules offer a holistic approach, ensuring that we are well-equipped to handle life's obstacles with grace, understanding, and resilience. Whether it's a sudden surge of emotions, a challenging situation, or a tricky conversation, DBT has our back!

Why DBT and Alcohol Misuse Are a Match Made in Science

The main objective of DBT is to help us balance acceptance and change by learning to accept things as they are right now while also recognizing and working toward necessary shifts. For someone trying to reduce or quit alcohol, this dual approach is invaluable.

When we peel back the layers and peek into the realm of neuroscience, the synergy between DBT and tackling alcohol misuse becomes even clearer. The brain is an ever-evolving, intricate machine, and both alcohol and DBT have significant interactions with its wiring.

  • The brain’s reward system and alcohol. The brain's reward system, primarily centered around the neurotransmitter dopamine, plays a significant role in the pleasure we derive from various activities, including consuming alcohol, which boosts dopamine levels and leads to temporary feelings of pleasure or euphoria. However, over time and with excessive drinking, the brain starts depending on alcohol to release dopamine, and its natural ability to do so diminishes. This creates a vicious cycle: we start consuming more alcohol to achieve the same "feel good" effect.
  • Several tools provided by DBT can help us regulate dopamine levels naturally. For example, mindfulness has been scientifically proven to balance neurotransmitter levels. Likewise, effective interpersonal interactions are another great way to give dopamine levels a natural boost.
  • Emotion regulation and the amygdala. The amygdala plays a pivotal role in emotion processing and response. Chronic alcohol consumption can hyperactivate the amygdala, leading to heightened emotional responses and reduced ability to regulate them. DBT, with its emphasis on emotion regulation, provides tools to counteract this emotional hailstorm and recalibrate the amygdala by teaching us to understand and guide our emotions rather than impulsively reacting to them.
  • Prefrontal cortex engagement. The prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for decision-making, impulse control, and rational thinking, can be compromised with excessive alcohol consumption, resulting in poor decisions related to further alcohol consumption and other problems in life. Research shows that DBT skills, especially mindfulness and distress tolerance, work towards strengthening our ability to stay in the present and deal with adversity. Practicing these skills can help restore some of the decision-making prowess and impulse control that might have been dulled by alcohol.
  • Neuroplasticity and DBT. One of the brain's incredible features is neuroplasticity — the ability to rewire and adapt based on experiences. Engaging in DBT practices can encourage positive neural pathways to form, effectively rewiring some of the changes that chronic alcohol consumption might have induced. This means that consistent DBT practice can, over time, contribute to healing and strengthening the brain.

We’ll explore how each module is relevant to healing from alcohol misuse in more detail below.

Emotion Regulation: Navigating the Stormy Seas of Feelings Without Drinking

Emotion regulation, an integral part of DBT, isn't about suppressing or ignoring feelings—quite the opposite! It’s all about recognizing, understanding, and managing intense emotions in order to harness their power without resorting to unhealthy behaviors and ensure they enhance rather than overshadow our lives. For those looking to cut back or quit alcohol, gaining mastery over emotions can be transformative.

Alcohol is often a go-to for many when emotions run high. Whether it's a drink to "calm the nerves" or "drown the sorrows," it can quickly become a crutch. However, relying on alcohol to cope often masks the real issues and can lead to increased dependence over time.

Learning emotion regulation provides an alternative path. It gives people tools to recognize emotional triggers, techniques to respond rather than react, and strategies to find relief without external aids like alcohol. By integrating emotion regulation skills into our lives, we’re not just decreasing reliance on alcohol. We’re crafting a richer, fuller emotional landscape. And the beauty of it? With practice, we become better equipped to handle life's ups and downs without the temporary solutions that alcohol might have once offered.

Here are a few DBT emotion regulation staples:

  • Identify and label emotions. It all starts with awareness: by naming an emotion, we’re already on our way to managing it. Is it sadness, anger, frustration, or anxiety?
  • Check the facts. This technique allows us to challenge the emotion by asking ourselves if it’s justified or if there might be another way to interpret the situation.
  • Opposite action. This method involves intentionally doing the opposite of what our emotion is telling us to do. For instance, if sadness is making us want to isolate, we can consider doing something social instead. It can feel awkward at first, but it works!
  • Self-soothe. Using our five senses to calm down is simple yet effective. For example, we can listen to music, light a scented candle, or take a warm bath.
  • Build positive experiences. Engaging in activities that bring joy and happiness builds a reservoir of positive emotions that make alcohol more and more irrelevant in our lives.

Distress Tolerance: The Art of Weathering Life's Storms Without Alcohol

It’s no secret that life throws curveballs. DBT provides skills to cope with these unexpected challenges without reaching for a bottle.

Distress tolerance is all about managing painful situations without making them worse. It's not about dismissing uncomfortable feelings or waiting for them to pass. Instead, it's about actively navigating difficult moments without resorting to behaviors that might provide short-term relief but long-term complications.

For many, alcohol can feel like a quick escape hatch from distressing emotions or situations. But this "solution" often exacerbates the  problem, leading to intensified emotions, regrets, and health risks. Distress tolerance techniques equip us with alternative coping mechanisms, allowing us to face challenges head-on and reducing the allure of alcohol as a temporary solution.

By mastering distress tolerance, we’re building resilience. Life's inevitable challenges become more manageable, and the siren song of alcohol as a quick-fix loses its appeal. With time, we find ourselves better equipped to face distress head-on, confident in our arsenal of tools and techniques. Here are a few golden nuggets:

  • Distract with Wise Mind ACCEPTS. This acronym guides us to distract in a healthy way through Activities, Contributing, Comparisons, Emotions (opposite), Pushing away, Thoughts, and Sensations. For instance, we can dive into a hobby or listen to music that evokes a different emotion.
  • Self-soothe with the five senses. This technique invites us to engage our senses to find calmness. For example, we can feel the texture of a soft blanket, taste a favorite (non-alcoholic) drink, or listen to the sounds of nature.
  • Improve the moment with IMPROVE. Another acronym, this one focuses on Imagery, Meaning, Prayer, Relaxation, doing One thing at a time, taking a brief mental Vacation, and Encouragement.
  • TIPP skills for a quick reset. When we need an immediate shift, Turning the temperature (for example, by splashing cold water on our face), Intense exercise, Paced breathing, and Paired muscle relaxation can do the trick.

Mindfulness: Being Present in Every (Booze-Free) Moment

Grounded in ancient Zen practices, DBT’s take on mindfulness is all about being in the moment. It teaches us to be fully present, making it easier to say no to that drink.

At its core, mindfulness is about being fully present, staying aware of where we are and what we're doing, and not being overly reactive or overwhelmed by our surroundings. It’s akin to having a mental flashlight that illuminates our current experience, thoughts, and feelings without judgment.

When battling with alcohol misuse, the mind can be a swirl of regrets, anxieties, and cravings. Mindfulness offers a respite, redirecting attention to the present. This shift helps us recognize triggers or cravings as they emerge, respond to them without impulsivity, gain clarity, and make better decisions. It can also reduce anxiety and rumination which might lead to drinking.

Engaging in regular mindfulness practices can open up a new world of awareness and calm. For those on a journey away from alcohol, it’s like having a trusty compass, always pointing towards the present moment, the place where real change happens. With every mindful breath and moment, the weight of past regrets and future anxieties lightens, making the path forward clearer and more manageable.

DBT weaves mindfulness into its fabric, emphasizing its role in improving emotional well-being. Here are some DBT-inspired mindfulness practices:

  • Wise mind. This DBT concept refers to the balance between emotional and logical thinking. By tuning into our “Wise Mind,” we can make decisions that align with our goals and values and avoid being swayed by impulses or external pressures.
  • Observing, describing, and participating. These core mindfulness skills encourage us to observe our emotions, thoughts, and sensations without getting tangled in them; to describe our experiences in words, grounding them in reality; and to immerse ourselves fully in our current activity without self-consciousness.
  • Non-judgmental stance. This method encourages us to see things as they are, without labeling them as "good" or "bad". By letting go of judgments, it becomes easier to accept ourselves and our current situation, reducing the urge to escape through alcohol.
  • One-mindfulness. Doing one thing at a time can work wonders. If we’re washing dishes, we can just wash dishes. If we’re talking to a friend, we can be fully present in the conversation. This singular focus can diminish distractions and strengthen concentration.

Interpersonal Effectiveness: Building Bridges, Not Walls

We’ve all been there: that moment when we wish we had said "no" to another drink at a social gathering or when we struggled to communicate our boundaries with friends who encourage “just one more.” Sometimes, the social pressures to drink can be overwhelming.

Enter interpersonal effectiveness—a cornerstone of DBT—which arms individuals with the skills to navigate these social intricacies, especially vital for those aiming to cut back or quit alcohol. DBT helps us communicate and assert our boundaries, ensuring we remain true to our goals.

Interpersonal effectiveness is about ensuring our interactions with others are productive, respectful, and assertive. It's the art of achieving our objectives in interactions, maintaining relationships while keeping self-respect intact. Imagine it as having a toolkit filled with communication skills that protect your boundaries while fostering understanding and harmony.

Social situations can be a minefield for those trying to reduce or quit alcohol. Peer pressure, societal norms, or even miscommunication can make it challenging to stick to our goals. Effective interpersonal skills help articulate personal boundaries clearly, foster understanding with friends and family about our journey, manage potential conflicts related to drinking decisions, and build supportive networks that respect and understand our choices.

DBT offers a set of strategies to enhance one's interpersonal skills, making social situations easier to navigate:

1. DEAR MAN. To express desires clearly,

  • Describe the situation.
  • Express feelings using "I" statements.
  • Assert yourself by asking for what you need or saying no.
  • Reinforce your message by explaining the benefits.
  • Stay mindful by focusing on the conversation.
  • Appear confident, maintaining composure.
  • Negotiate with a give-and-take approach.

2. GIVE. For when maintaining the relationship is a priority,

  • Be gentle in approach.
  • Act interested in the other person's point of view.
  • Validate their feelings.
  • Use an easy manner with humor and smiles.

3. FAST. To maintain self-respect in interactions,

  • Be fair to yourself and others.
  • Don’t make apologies for any reason.
  • Stick to values.
  • Be truthful, avoiding exaggerations or lying.

By harnessing these DBT-inspired interpersonal tools, we can engage in social situations with confidence, clarity, and composure. Gone are the days of feeling cornered into making choices that don’t align with our personal goals!

DBT and Its Cousins: How They Compare

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) might be your current favorite, but it's not the only method out there. Several therapeutic approaches aim to help people navigate their emotions, behaviors, and relationships while healing from alcohol misuse. Let's pull back the curtains and see how DBT stands in comparison to some of its close relatives.

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT acts as a magnifying glass for our thoughts that helps us examine and reframe them. It emphasizes identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors, is typically short-term, and focuses on specific goals.
  • While both DBT and CBT focus on cognitive processes and behaviors, DBT includes additional components such as mindfulness and distress tolerance, making it particularly effective for people with severe emotional dysregulation.
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT is all about accepting our feelings rather than resisting them and committing to actions that align with our values. It emphasizes psychological flexibility: the ability to be open, adaptable, and effective in the presence of difficult emotions.
  • Both DBT and ACT emphasize acceptance and mindfulness. However, while DBT provides more structured skills training, ACT focuses on flexibility and value-driven actions.
  • Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). MBCT combines traditional cognitive behavioral approaches with mindfulness strategies. It's tailored to prevent the recurrence of depression and emphasizes meditation practices and awareness exercises.
  • Both DBT and MBCT integrate mindfulness, but DBT offers a broader range of strategies and is more focused on behavioral outcomes and emotional regulation.
  • Schema therapy. This therapy delves deep into understanding and changing long-standing patterns—“schemas”—formed in childhood. Key Concept: It deals with emotional needs that weren’t adequately addressed during youth and contributed to unhealthy life patterns in adulthood.
  • While both DBT and schema therapy address deep-rooted emotional issues, DBT offers more immediate tools and coping strategies, whereas Schema Therapy involves a more extended exploration of past experiences.
  • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT). IPT zeros in on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns. It’s typically short-term and very structured.
  • While both DBT and IPT address interpersonal issues, DBT offers a broader spectrum of tools that also tackle emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and mindfulness.

In a nutshell, while each therapeutic approach brings its unique flair to the stage, DBT offers a comprehensive, multifaceted approach. It's like a Swiss army knife, packed with tools and strategies for a wide range of situations. However, the best approach always depends on individual needs. It's essential to work with a professional to find the therapy tune that resonates best with your rhythm!

How To Start Using DBT in Your Journey Away From Alcohol

  • Daily mindfulness exercises. Set aside 5 minutes each day to practice mindfulness. This could be as simple as focusing on your breathing or noticing the sensations in your body. Remember, it's about being present!
  • Journal your emotions. Track your feelings daily. When do you feel the urge to drink the most? Recognizing these patterns can help you anticipate challenges.
  • Develop a distraction toolbox. Jot down a list of activities that can distract you when the craving hits. This might be reading, taking a short walk, or even calling a friend.
  • Role-play saying "No." Practice makes perfect. With a trusted friend or family member, rehearse situations where you might feel pressured to drink and practice declining.
  • Join a DBT group. Consider joining a DBT therapy group or seeking out a trained DBT therapist. The shared experience and expertise can provide the support you need.
  • Educate friends and family. Share your journey with loved ones. Let them know about the principles of DBT and how they’re helping you. This builds a support system and increases understanding.
  • Celebrate small wins. Every time you successfully employ a DBT technique to avoid or limit drinking, give yourself a pat on the back. Recognizing your progress is essential.

Summing Up

All in all, DBT can be a trusted ally in your journey away from alcohol misuse. While it might sound a bit technical at first, it's truly a hands-on approach filled with actionable steps and strategies. So, as you continue your journey, remember that you've got science on your side and practical tools to help you along the way.

In the words of Wayne Dyer, overcoming destructive patterns is all about finding balance: “The single most important tool to being in balance is knowing that you and you alone are responsible for the imbalance between what you dream your life is meant to be, and the daily habits that drain life from that dream.”

For many, habits around alcohol can become the biggest source of imbalance. However, our minds are incredibly flexible, and it’s always possible to find our way back!

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (or DBT for short) can be a real game-changer when it comes to understanding and addressing alcohol misuse and reestablishing balance in our lives. And while the term might sound like something out of a fancy science journal, it's a user-friendly, practical approach that anyone can learn.

Diving into DBT: What's It All About?

DBT is a form of cognitive behavioral therapy that emerged in the late 1980s. Designed initially to help people with borderline personality disorder, research soon revealed its efficacy in treating a broad range of mental health disorders, including those linked with substance misuse.

Founded by psychiatrist Marsha Linehan, DBT is a cognitive-behavioral approach that equips individuals with skills to manage emotions, navigate social interactions, and be present in their daily lives.

Fantastic Four

First, let's get to know the four modules that make up this toolkit:

  • Mindfulness. At the heart of DBT lies mindfulness, the practice of being fully immersed in the present moment. Think of it as tuning in to a live broadcast of your life that allows you to observe your thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgment.
  • Emotion regulation. Emotion regulation is about understanding the range and intensity of our feelings, harnessing their power, and ensuring they contribute positively to our lives. It’s less about control and more about understanding and guidance.
  • Distress tolerance. Life isn't without its hiccups, and distress tolerance is all about weathering the storms without getting drenched. It equips us with skills to handle challenging or upsetting situations without resorting to impulsive actions.
  • Interpersonal effectiveness. Imagine having a cheat sheet for social interactions that can help you express needs, set boundaries, and maintain relationships. That’s what this module is all about! It provides strategies to communicate assertively, negotiate differences, and understand others better.

Together, these modules offer a holistic approach, ensuring that we are well-equipped to handle life's obstacles with grace, understanding, and resilience. Whether it's a sudden surge of emotions, a challenging situation, or a tricky conversation, DBT has our back!

Why DBT and Alcohol Misuse Are a Match Made in Science

The main objective of DBT is to help us balance acceptance and change by learning to accept things as they are right now while also recognizing and working toward necessary shifts. For someone trying to reduce or quit alcohol, this dual approach is invaluable.

When we peel back the layers and peek into the realm of neuroscience, the synergy between DBT and tackling alcohol misuse becomes even clearer. The brain is an ever-evolving, intricate machine, and both alcohol and DBT have significant interactions with its wiring.

  • The brain’s reward system and alcohol. The brain's reward system, primarily centered around the neurotransmitter dopamine, plays a significant role in the pleasure we derive from various activities, including consuming alcohol, which boosts dopamine levels and leads to temporary feelings of pleasure or euphoria. However, over time and with excessive drinking, the brain starts depending on alcohol to release dopamine, and its natural ability to do so diminishes. This creates a vicious cycle: we start consuming more alcohol to achieve the same "feel good" effect.
  • Several tools provided by DBT can help us regulate dopamine levels naturally. For example, mindfulness has been scientifically proven to balance neurotransmitter levels. Likewise, effective interpersonal interactions are another great way to give dopamine levels a natural boost.
  • Emotion regulation and the amygdala. The amygdala plays a pivotal role in emotion processing and response. Chronic alcohol consumption can hyperactivate the amygdala, leading to heightened emotional responses and reduced ability to regulate them. DBT, with its emphasis on emotion regulation, provides tools to counteract this emotional hailstorm and recalibrate the amygdala by teaching us to understand and guide our emotions rather than impulsively reacting to them.
  • Prefrontal cortex engagement. The prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for decision-making, impulse control, and rational thinking, can be compromised with excessive alcohol consumption, resulting in poor decisions related to further alcohol consumption and other problems in life. Research shows that DBT skills, especially mindfulness and distress tolerance, work towards strengthening our ability to stay in the present and deal with adversity. Practicing these skills can help restore some of the decision-making prowess and impulse control that might have been dulled by alcohol.
  • Neuroplasticity and DBT. One of the brain's incredible features is neuroplasticity — the ability to rewire and adapt based on experiences. Engaging in DBT practices can encourage positive neural pathways to form, effectively rewiring some of the changes that chronic alcohol consumption might have induced. This means that consistent DBT practice can, over time, contribute to healing and strengthening the brain.

We’ll explore how each module is relevant to healing from alcohol misuse in more detail below.

Emotion Regulation: Navigating the Stormy Seas of Feelings Without Drinking

Emotion regulation, an integral part of DBT, isn't about suppressing or ignoring feelings—quite the opposite! It’s all about recognizing, understanding, and managing intense emotions in order to harness their power without resorting to unhealthy behaviors and ensure they enhance rather than overshadow our lives. For those looking to cut back or quit alcohol, gaining mastery over emotions can be transformative.

Alcohol is often a go-to for many when emotions run high. Whether it's a drink to "calm the nerves" or "drown the sorrows," it can quickly become a crutch. However, relying on alcohol to cope often masks the real issues and can lead to increased dependence over time.

Learning emotion regulation provides an alternative path. It gives people tools to recognize emotional triggers, techniques to respond rather than react, and strategies to find relief without external aids like alcohol. By integrating emotion regulation skills into our lives, we’re not just decreasing reliance on alcohol. We’re crafting a richer, fuller emotional landscape. And the beauty of it? With practice, we become better equipped to handle life's ups and downs without the temporary solutions that alcohol might have once offered.

Here are a few DBT emotion regulation staples:

  • Identify and label emotions. It all starts with awareness: by naming an emotion, we’re already on our way to managing it. Is it sadness, anger, frustration, or anxiety?
  • Check the facts. This technique allows us to challenge the emotion by asking ourselves if it’s justified or if there might be another way to interpret the situation.
  • Opposite action. This method involves intentionally doing the opposite of what our emotion is telling us to do. For instance, if sadness is making us want to isolate, we can consider doing something social instead. It can feel awkward at first, but it works!
  • Self-soothe. Using our five senses to calm down is simple yet effective. For example, we can listen to music, light a scented candle, or take a warm bath.
  • Build positive experiences. Engaging in activities that bring joy and happiness builds a reservoir of positive emotions that make alcohol more and more irrelevant in our lives.

Distress Tolerance: The Art of Weathering Life's Storms Without Alcohol

It’s no secret that life throws curveballs. DBT provides skills to cope with these unexpected challenges without reaching for a bottle.

Distress tolerance is all about managing painful situations without making them worse. It's not about dismissing uncomfortable feelings or waiting for them to pass. Instead, it's about actively navigating difficult moments without resorting to behaviors that might provide short-term relief but long-term complications.

For many, alcohol can feel like a quick escape hatch from distressing emotions or situations. But this "solution" often exacerbates the  problem, leading to intensified emotions, regrets, and health risks. Distress tolerance techniques equip us with alternative coping mechanisms, allowing us to face challenges head-on and reducing the allure of alcohol as a temporary solution.

By mastering distress tolerance, we’re building resilience. Life's inevitable challenges become more manageable, and the siren song of alcohol as a quick-fix loses its appeal. With time, we find ourselves better equipped to face distress head-on, confident in our arsenal of tools and techniques. Here are a few golden nuggets:

  • Distract with Wise Mind ACCEPTS. This acronym guides us to distract in a healthy way through Activities, Contributing, Comparisons, Emotions (opposite), Pushing away, Thoughts, and Sensations. For instance, we can dive into a hobby or listen to music that evokes a different emotion.
  • Self-soothe with the five senses. This technique invites us to engage our senses to find calmness. For example, we can feel the texture of a soft blanket, taste a favorite (non-alcoholic) drink, or listen to the sounds of nature.
  • Improve the moment with IMPROVE. Another acronym, this one focuses on Imagery, Meaning, Prayer, Relaxation, doing One thing at a time, taking a brief mental Vacation, and Encouragement.
  • TIPP skills for a quick reset. When we need an immediate shift, Turning the temperature (for example, by splashing cold water on our face), Intense exercise, Paced breathing, and Paired muscle relaxation can do the trick.

Mindfulness: Being Present in Every (Booze-Free) Moment

Grounded in ancient Zen practices, DBT’s take on mindfulness is all about being in the moment. It teaches us to be fully present, making it easier to say no to that drink.

At its core, mindfulness is about being fully present, staying aware of where we are and what we're doing, and not being overly reactive or overwhelmed by our surroundings. It’s akin to having a mental flashlight that illuminates our current experience, thoughts, and feelings without judgment.

When battling with alcohol misuse, the mind can be a swirl of regrets, anxieties, and cravings. Mindfulness offers a respite, redirecting attention to the present. This shift helps us recognize triggers or cravings as they emerge, respond to them without impulsivity, gain clarity, and make better decisions. It can also reduce anxiety and rumination which might lead to drinking.

Engaging in regular mindfulness practices can open up a new world of awareness and calm. For those on a journey away from alcohol, it’s like having a trusty compass, always pointing towards the present moment, the place where real change happens. With every mindful breath and moment, the weight of past regrets and future anxieties lightens, making the path forward clearer and more manageable.

DBT weaves mindfulness into its fabric, emphasizing its role in improving emotional well-being. Here are some DBT-inspired mindfulness practices:

  • Wise mind. This DBT concept refers to the balance between emotional and logical thinking. By tuning into our “Wise Mind,” we can make decisions that align with our goals and values and avoid being swayed by impulses or external pressures.
  • Observing, describing, and participating. These core mindfulness skills encourage us to observe our emotions, thoughts, and sensations without getting tangled in them; to describe our experiences in words, grounding them in reality; and to immerse ourselves fully in our current activity without self-consciousness.
  • Non-judgmental stance. This method encourages us to see things as they are, without labeling them as "good" or "bad". By letting go of judgments, it becomes easier to accept ourselves and our current situation, reducing the urge to escape through alcohol.
  • One-mindfulness. Doing one thing at a time can work wonders. If we’re washing dishes, we can just wash dishes. If we’re talking to a friend, we can be fully present in the conversation. This singular focus can diminish distractions and strengthen concentration.

Interpersonal Effectiveness: Building Bridges, Not Walls

We’ve all been there: that moment when we wish we had said "no" to another drink at a social gathering or when we struggled to communicate our boundaries with friends who encourage “just one more.” Sometimes, the social pressures to drink can be overwhelming.

Enter interpersonal effectiveness—a cornerstone of DBT—which arms individuals with the skills to navigate these social intricacies, especially vital for those aiming to cut back or quit alcohol. DBT helps us communicate and assert our boundaries, ensuring we remain true to our goals.

Interpersonal effectiveness is about ensuring our interactions with others are productive, respectful, and assertive. It's the art of achieving our objectives in interactions, maintaining relationships while keeping self-respect intact. Imagine it as having a toolkit filled with communication skills that protect your boundaries while fostering understanding and harmony.

Social situations can be a minefield for those trying to reduce or quit alcohol. Peer pressure, societal norms, or even miscommunication can make it challenging to stick to our goals. Effective interpersonal skills help articulate personal boundaries clearly, foster understanding with friends and family about our journey, manage potential conflicts related to drinking decisions, and build supportive networks that respect and understand our choices.

DBT offers a set of strategies to enhance one's interpersonal skills, making social situations easier to navigate:

1. DEAR MAN. To express desires clearly,

  • Describe the situation.
  • Express feelings using "I" statements.
  • Assert yourself by asking for what you need or saying no.
  • Reinforce your message by explaining the benefits.
  • Stay mindful by focusing on the conversation.
  • Appear confident, maintaining composure.
  • Negotiate with a give-and-take approach.

2. GIVE. For when maintaining the relationship is a priority,

  • Be gentle in approach.
  • Act interested in the other person's point of view.
  • Validate their feelings.
  • Use an easy manner with humor and smiles.

3. FAST. To maintain self-respect in interactions,

  • Be fair to yourself and others.
  • Don’t make apologies for any reason.
  • Stick to values.
  • Be truthful, avoiding exaggerations or lying.

By harnessing these DBT-inspired interpersonal tools, we can engage in social situations with confidence, clarity, and composure. Gone are the days of feeling cornered into making choices that don’t align with our personal goals!

DBT and Its Cousins: How They Compare

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) might be your current favorite, but it's not the only method out there. Several therapeutic approaches aim to help people navigate their emotions, behaviors, and relationships while healing from alcohol misuse. Let's pull back the curtains and see how DBT stands in comparison to some of its close relatives.

  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). CBT acts as a magnifying glass for our thoughts that helps us examine and reframe them. It emphasizes identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors, is typically short-term, and focuses on specific goals.
  • While both DBT and CBT focus on cognitive processes and behaviors, DBT includes additional components such as mindfulness and distress tolerance, making it particularly effective for people with severe emotional dysregulation.
  • Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT is all about accepting our feelings rather than resisting them and committing to actions that align with our values. It emphasizes psychological flexibility: the ability to be open, adaptable, and effective in the presence of difficult emotions.
  • Both DBT and ACT emphasize acceptance and mindfulness. However, while DBT provides more structured skills training, ACT focuses on flexibility and value-driven actions.
  • Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). MBCT combines traditional cognitive behavioral approaches with mindfulness strategies. It's tailored to prevent the recurrence of depression and emphasizes meditation practices and awareness exercises.
  • Both DBT and MBCT integrate mindfulness, but DBT offers a broader range of strategies and is more focused on behavioral outcomes and emotional regulation.
  • Schema therapy. This therapy delves deep into understanding and changing long-standing patterns—“schemas”—formed in childhood. Key Concept: It deals with emotional needs that weren’t adequately addressed during youth and contributed to unhealthy life patterns in adulthood.
  • While both DBT and schema therapy address deep-rooted emotional issues, DBT offers more immediate tools and coping strategies, whereas Schema Therapy involves a more extended exploration of past experiences.
  • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT). IPT zeros in on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns. It’s typically short-term and very structured.
  • While both DBT and IPT address interpersonal issues, DBT offers a broader spectrum of tools that also tackle emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and mindfulness.

In a nutshell, while each therapeutic approach brings its unique flair to the stage, DBT offers a comprehensive, multifaceted approach. It's like a Swiss army knife, packed with tools and strategies for a wide range of situations. However, the best approach always depends on individual needs. It's essential to work with a professional to find the therapy tune that resonates best with your rhythm!

How To Start Using DBT in Your Journey Away From Alcohol

  • Daily mindfulness exercises. Set aside 5 minutes each day to practice mindfulness. This could be as simple as focusing on your breathing or noticing the sensations in your body. Remember, it's about being present!
  • Journal your emotions. Track your feelings daily. When do you feel the urge to drink the most? Recognizing these patterns can help you anticipate challenges.
  • Develop a distraction toolbox. Jot down a list of activities that can distract you when the craving hits. This might be reading, taking a short walk, or even calling a friend.
  • Role-play saying "No." Practice makes perfect. With a trusted friend or family member, rehearse situations where you might feel pressured to drink and practice declining.
  • Join a DBT group. Consider joining a DBT therapy group or seeking out a trained DBT therapist. The shared experience and expertise can provide the support you need.
  • Educate friends and family. Share your journey with loved ones. Let them know about the principles of DBT and how they’re helping you. This builds a support system and increases understanding.
  • Celebrate small wins. Every time you successfully employ a DBT technique to avoid or limit drinking, give yourself a pat on the back. Recognizing your progress is essential.

Summing Up

All in all, DBT can be a trusted ally in your journey away from alcohol misuse. While it might sound a bit technical at first, it's truly a hands-on approach filled with actionable steps and strategies. So, as you continue your journey, remember that you've got science on your side and practical tools to help you along the way.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-31 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
How To Overcome the Fear of Vulnerability
This is some text inside of a div block.

Ready to turn vulnerability into your superpower? Our latest blog unpacks the science behind embracing your authentic self for deeper connections and personal growth.

18 min read

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Read Full Article  →

Imagine standing in front of a room filled with people, gearing up to share a personal story. You feel your heart racing, palms sweaty, and that pit in your stomach feeling larger with every second. The thought of opening up, exposing your emotions, fears, and personal experiences to others feels daunting, right? But what if vulnerability is your superpower?

Understanding and embracing vulnerability can lead to authenticity, richer relationships, better self-awareness, and even more joy! Let's dive into what makes vulnerability so scary and how you can harness its power to enrich your life.

The Brain on Vulnerability

Our brain is wired for self-protection. From an evolutionary perspective, being part of a group was vital for our survival. Any act of vulnerability could lead to ostracization, and in turn, a greater chance of going without food, accidentally eating a poisonous plant we didn’t know about, or getting snatched up by a mountain lion on our way to find shelter. 

As a result, when we're vulnerable, our brains naturally kick in with fear to "protect" us. The amygdala—our emotion center—gets alerted, sounding the alarms for potential danger in the form of the stress response. Cortisol rushes through our body as we find ourselves overcome by an urge to fight, flight, or freeze.

Today, with the immediate danger of mountain lions in the past and food delivery at our fingertips, the stakes have changed. Although we've come a long way since our hunter-gatherer days, remnants of this mindset persist: we’re still inclined to see vulnerability as a weakness and tend to be fearful of it. In reality, however, opening ourselves up to vulnerability is not only safe but beneficial, since it often leads to deeper connections, better understanding, and personal growth.

The Power of Vulnerability

No discussion of vulnerability is complete without the mention of researcher and author Brené Brown, who has single-handedly transformed the way we look at vulnerability, courage, and belonging.

Brown has spent over two decades studying emotions and experiences that give meaning to our lives. And guess what? She found that vulnerability is NOT a weakness; it's actually a source of strength! By being vulnerable, we can form deeper connections, experience real joy, and live more authentic lives. Talk about turning things upside down!

For anyone who has ever felt the fear of being judged, the pain of not fitting in, or the desire to be more genuine in your relationships, Brené’s insights are pure gold. She has given one of the most-watched TED Talks ever (seriously, it’s that good). And if reading is more your thing, her books are like a warm blanket on a chilly night: comforting, enlightening, and filled with “Aha!” moments.

Losing the Fear

By pushing through the fear of being vulnerable, we can access a range of positive emotions and experiences that can enrich our lives. But how do we go about it?

1. Acknowledge Vulnerability and Reframe It as a Sign of Courage

Vulnerability can be mistaken for weakness because our ancient brain warns us against potential exclusion from the group. However, in the wise words of Brené Brown, "Vulnerability sounds like truth and feels like courage." 

Why is being genuine, with all our quirks, imperfections, and emotions, an act of bravery? It defies the unnecessary facades and protective walls we often put up. Each time we choose to be authentic, we’re saying, "This is me, in all my raw and unfiltered glory!" (well, maybe not in those words). And that takes guts!

  • Reframing the narrative. Instead of seeing vulnerability as a potential downfall, we can mentally reframe it as strength. When we redefine vulnerability as courage, it shifts from being something we fear to something we embrace. Think of it this way: by being vulnerable, we’re leading with honesty, forging deeper connections, and paving the way for others to do the same.
  • Example: During a networking event, Emma hesitated to share her story of changing careers later in life due to the fear of judgment. When she finally did, instead of presenting it as a detour, she framed it as a journey of rediscovery and resilience. To her surprise, many admired her courage to pivot! By viewing her vulnerability as a badge of bravery, Emma not only connected with others on a deeper level but also fortified her own confidence in her unique path.
  • Harnessing vulnerability for growth. Let's not forget the personal growth that comes with embracing vulnerability. It's like a muscle; the more we exercise it, the stronger it becomes. By acknowledging and reframing vulnerability, we also develop resilience, empathy, and a profound sense of self-awareness.
  • Example: Liam, everyone's favorite high school teacher, was terrified of public speaking. But, eager to grow and share his innovative teaching methods, he put his name down for a talk at a local educators' conference. The big day came, and he began by sharing his jitters about public speaking. Guess what? The audience loved it! His genuine admission warmed the room, and by the end of the talk, Liam left the stage feeling stronger than ever, with many new educator pals cheering him on.

So, the next time vulnerability knocks on your door, remember: it's not a sign of weakness but an invitation to showcase your bravest, most genuine self.

2. Get Excited About Vulnerability as a Path to Self-Discovery

Every time we confront our fear of vulnerability, we're also tapping into a deeper understanding of ourselves. It's like looking into a mirror that reflects who we truly are: our desires, our fears, and our dreams. Let’s explore the transformative power of vulnerability and how it promotes self-awareness.

  • Peeling back the layers. Vulnerability acts as a compass, pointing us towards the areas of our life that need attention or healing. By leaning into these moments, we begin to understand our triggers, desires, and boundaries.
  • Example: John always avoided social gatherings that would involve meeting new people, but when pushed to do so by his partner, he realized his fear stemmed from a childhood memory of being laughed at. This vulnerable moment wasn't just about conquering a fear. It was about understanding its origin.
  • Unmasking authentic desires. Sometimes, societal pressure masks our true desires. Vulnerability lets us shed these external expectations and tap into what we genuinely want.
  • Example: Lucy, always seen as the family's academic, decided to pursue art, even though it was seen as a "risky" move. By allowing herself to be vulnerable and face potential criticism, she discovered her true calling.
  • The power of reflection. Vulnerability often pushes us into moments of introspection. These reflective moments can be gateways to understanding our values, motivations, and aspirations.
  • Example: After a heated argument with a friend, Alex spent the evening journaling about the experience. This vulnerable moment of confrontation led to the realization that he valued loyalty above all else, explaining many of his past decisions and feelings.
  • Building emotional resilience. Facing vulnerable situations head-on helps us develop resilience. Over time, we become more in tune with our emotional responses and learn how to manage and understand them effectively.
  • Example: After a series of failed relationships, Allison took a year off dating to focus on herself. This vulnerable period of being alone made her more self-aware of her patterns in relationships, making her future partnerships healthier and more fulfilling.
  • Feedback as a growth tool. Feedback, both positive and negative, can make us feel vulnerable. But it's also a powerful tool for growth. By being open to feedback, we understand our strengths and areas of improvement.
  • Example: Mike, a budding chef, decided to host a dinner for friends and openly asked for feedback on each dish. While some critiques made him feel vulnerable, they were instrumental in refining his culinary skills and understanding his unique style.
  • Embracing uncertainty. Life is unpredictable. By embracing the vulnerability of not always having control, we learn to flow with life's uncertainties and become more aware of our adaptability and coping mechanisms.
  • Example: During a backpacking trip, Lisa missed her bus and was stranded in a small village. The initial vulnerability of being lost turned into an opportunity to discover her resourcefulness and ability to connect with strangers (safely, of course).

In the end, vulnerability is not just an emotional state. It's a teacher, a guide, and a tool. By allowing ourselves to be vulnerable, we don't just open ourselves up to potential pain, but to a treasure trove of self-awareness. So, get excited about the discoveries that await!

3. Focus on Vulnerability as a Gateway to Deeper Connections

Humans are inherently social creatures. Deep down, we crave connections, relationships, and understanding. When we shield ourselves from vulnerability, we're also distancing ourselves from the opportunity to connect deeply with others. By being vulnerable, we offer others a glimpse into our world, fostering understanding and empathy.

By seeing vulnerability as a gateway to meaningful relationships, we can start to overcome the fear associated with it. Here’s how:

  • Fostering authentic connections. There's something magical about connecting with someone on a genuine level. When we show our vulnerable side, it invites others to do the same, leading to deep, joyful bonds.
  • Example: Remember the night you sat with a close friend, sharing your fears, dreams, and memories until the early hours of the morning? It was vulnerability from both sides that led to a strengthening of your bond and the joyful realization that you're truly understood by someone else.
  • The ripple effect. When one person showcases vulnerability as a strength, it often has a domino effect by encouraging others to open up. The result? An environment of mutual trust and understanding. Over time, these spaces can transform into communities where vulnerability is celebrated, not shunned.
  • Example: A longtime friendship between Aisha and Ethan has recently felt strained. One evening, Aisha mustered up the courage to express how she's been feeling left out and unappreciated. Ethan, hearing Aisha's candid feelings, realized that he'd been so wrapped up in his own world that he had unintentionally neglected the friendship. Grateful for Aisha's vulnerability, he opened up about his recent job pressures and the impact it's had on his social interactions. Their dialogue leads to a deep, heartfelt conversation, reigniting the bond they once shared.
  • A week later, inspired by his talk with Aisha, Ethan decided to address another strained relationship in his life, which is his relationship with his younger brother. They discussed past grievances and misunderstandings, leading to a renewed connection.

See Vulnerability as a Path to Joy

Vulnerability and joy? They might seem like they're at opposite ends of the emotional spectrum. 

Sure, vulnerability might bring up raw emotions, possible embarrassment, or even fear. But what if we approached vulnerability as a pathway straight to joy? After all, often our achievements are the result of facing and overcoming vulnerabilities. When we peel back the layers and stand authentically in our feelings, we open the door to rich, unguarded experiences that can fill us with joy!

  • Experiencing the beauty of now. Vulnerability encourages us to be present, allowing us to fully soak in and appreciate the moment.
  • Example: Emma was always self-conscious about singing. One evening, she let go of her inhibitions and sang her heart out at a karaoke night. The joy she felt was unparalleled not just from the singing, but from being her authentic self in the moment.
  • Discovering hidden strengths. Often, when we embrace vulnerability, we might unearth strengths and passions we never knew we had!
  • Example: Mia had a phobia of water. On a trip with friends, she decided to face her fear and try snorkeling. The vulnerable act led her to discover a love for marine life.
  • Finding beauty in imperfections. Vulnerability teaches us to find joy not just in the perfect moments but in the imperfect ones that happen when life seems to go off-script.
  • Example: Anna tried baking a cake for her daughter's birthday. Though it didn't look like the picture, the laughter and joy it brought when everyone called it the "leaning tower of birthday delight" made the celebration even more special.
  • Finding joy in the unexpected. Life is unpredictable, and when we're open to its uncertainties, we often find joy in the most unexpected places. Vulnerability teaches us to let go of rigid expectations and be open to serendipity.
  • Example: Imagine going on a spontaneous road trip with no planned destination. Along the way, you might stumble upon a quaint little town, experience a breathtaking sunset, or meet locals with fascinating stories. It's the vulnerability of not knowing—and embracing—uncertainty that leads to unexpected joys.

In sum, vulnerability is like a prism, refracting life's experiences into vivid moments of joy. By embracing it, we're not just risking potential pain. We're also setting the stage for some of life's most treasured moments. It’s like turning up the volume on life; everything feels more intense, including joy.

Vulnerability and the Alcohol Journey

Finally, let’s take a look at embracing vulnerability in a specific context of cutting back or quitting alcohol. ​​ For many, the choice to cut back or quit drinking is intertwined with personal vulnerabilities and the societal expectations that surround alcohol consumption. 

For some, alcohol becomes a shield, a way to numb vulnerabilities or fit into certain social molds. It’s easy to reach for that glass of wine after a hard day, using it as an emotional crutch. Embracing vulnerability begins with recognizing these patterns. And here's the thing: acknowledging them is a part of the journey, and it pays off—big time.

Without alcohol as a buffer, we start rediscovering parts of ourselves that might have taken a backseat. This reconnection can be a beautiful, albeit sometimes overwhelming, process. It's the vulnerability in its purest form: meeting ourselves, with all our quirks and unmasked emotions.

As alcohol takes a lesser role, new rituals can make the road easier. Maybe it's a cup of herbal tea in the evening, a morning run, or journaling. These rituals, rooted in self-awareness and care, pave the way for a life where vulnerability is honored. And while it might seem like a challenging path, the rewards—clarity, better health, improved relationships, and a deeper understanding of ourselves—are profound and lasting.

Embracing Vulnerability

Ready to embrace the power of vulnerability? Here are some ways to get started:

  • Acknowledge your feelings. Start by recognizing your emotions. Are you feeling fearful? Anxious? By identifying and naming these emotions, you can begin to process and understand them.
  • Practice vulnerability daily. Set aside a few minutes each day to practice being vulnerable. This could be as simple as sharing a personal story with a close friend or writing down your feelings in a journal.
  • Stay present. When you find yourself spiraling into "what-if" scenarios, take a deep breath and bring yourself back to the present moment. Focus on what you can control.
  • Surround yourself with supportive people. Having a supportive network can make the process of opening up easier. These are the friends or family who'll listen without judgment and offer a comforting shoulder.
  • Reframe negative thoughts. If you catch yourself thinking, "What will they think of me?" try reframing it to, "This is my truth, and it deserves to be shared."
  • Set boundaries. Being vulnerable doesn't mean oversharing or ignoring your comfort zones. Know your boundaries, and it's okay to say, "I'm not ready to share this yet."
  • Curate a vulnerability playlist. Music can touch our most vulnerable places. Create a playlist of songs that resonate with your experiences. Play it when you need to process or just feel understood.
  • Join a workshop or group. Look for local or online workshops focusing on personal growth, emotional intelligence, or storytelling. Sharing in a group can be therapeutic and allow you to practice vulnerability in a safe space.
  • Practice active listening. Next time someone shares with you, focus wholly on their words without planning your response. This way, you encourage vulnerability in others, too, and learn through observation.

Own Your Story

In the words of Brené Brown, “Owning our story can be hard but not nearly as difficult as spending our lives running from it. Embracing our vulnerabilities is risky but not nearly as dangerous as giving up on love and belonging and joy — the experiences that make us the most vulnerable. Only when we are brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light.”

Embracing vulnerability might not be easy, but it sure is rewarding. Here's to deeper connections, more understanding, and living an authentic life, one vulnerable moment at a time!

Imagine standing in front of a room filled with people, gearing up to share a personal story. You feel your heart racing, palms sweaty, and that pit in your stomach feeling larger with every second. The thought of opening up, exposing your emotions, fears, and personal experiences to others feels daunting, right? But what if vulnerability is your superpower?

Understanding and embracing vulnerability can lead to authenticity, richer relationships, better self-awareness, and even more joy! Let's dive into what makes vulnerability so scary and how you can harness its power to enrich your life.

The Brain on Vulnerability

Our brain is wired for self-protection. From an evolutionary perspective, being part of a group was vital for our survival. Any act of vulnerability could lead to ostracization, and in turn, a greater chance of going without food, accidentally eating a poisonous plant we didn’t know about, or getting snatched up by a mountain lion on our way to find shelter. 

As a result, when we're vulnerable, our brains naturally kick in with fear to "protect" us. The amygdala—our emotion center—gets alerted, sounding the alarms for potential danger in the form of the stress response. Cortisol rushes through our body as we find ourselves overcome by an urge to fight, flight, or freeze.

Today, with the immediate danger of mountain lions in the past and food delivery at our fingertips, the stakes have changed. Although we've come a long way since our hunter-gatherer days, remnants of this mindset persist: we’re still inclined to see vulnerability as a weakness and tend to be fearful of it. In reality, however, opening ourselves up to vulnerability is not only safe but beneficial, since it often leads to deeper connections, better understanding, and personal growth.

The Power of Vulnerability

No discussion of vulnerability is complete without the mention of researcher and author Brené Brown, who has single-handedly transformed the way we look at vulnerability, courage, and belonging.

Brown has spent over two decades studying emotions and experiences that give meaning to our lives. And guess what? She found that vulnerability is NOT a weakness; it's actually a source of strength! By being vulnerable, we can form deeper connections, experience real joy, and live more authentic lives. Talk about turning things upside down!

For anyone who has ever felt the fear of being judged, the pain of not fitting in, or the desire to be more genuine in your relationships, Brené’s insights are pure gold. She has given one of the most-watched TED Talks ever (seriously, it’s that good). And if reading is more your thing, her books are like a warm blanket on a chilly night: comforting, enlightening, and filled with “Aha!” moments.

Losing the Fear

By pushing through the fear of being vulnerable, we can access a range of positive emotions and experiences that can enrich our lives. But how do we go about it?

1. Acknowledge Vulnerability and Reframe It as a Sign of Courage

Vulnerability can be mistaken for weakness because our ancient brain warns us against potential exclusion from the group. However, in the wise words of Brené Brown, "Vulnerability sounds like truth and feels like courage." 

Why is being genuine, with all our quirks, imperfections, and emotions, an act of bravery? It defies the unnecessary facades and protective walls we often put up. Each time we choose to be authentic, we’re saying, "This is me, in all my raw and unfiltered glory!" (well, maybe not in those words). And that takes guts!

  • Reframing the narrative. Instead of seeing vulnerability as a potential downfall, we can mentally reframe it as strength. When we redefine vulnerability as courage, it shifts from being something we fear to something we embrace. Think of it this way: by being vulnerable, we’re leading with honesty, forging deeper connections, and paving the way for others to do the same.
  • Example: During a networking event, Emma hesitated to share her story of changing careers later in life due to the fear of judgment. When she finally did, instead of presenting it as a detour, she framed it as a journey of rediscovery and resilience. To her surprise, many admired her courage to pivot! By viewing her vulnerability as a badge of bravery, Emma not only connected with others on a deeper level but also fortified her own confidence in her unique path.
  • Harnessing vulnerability for growth. Let's not forget the personal growth that comes with embracing vulnerability. It's like a muscle; the more we exercise it, the stronger it becomes. By acknowledging and reframing vulnerability, we also develop resilience, empathy, and a profound sense of self-awareness.
  • Example: Liam, everyone's favorite high school teacher, was terrified of public speaking. But, eager to grow and share his innovative teaching methods, he put his name down for a talk at a local educators' conference. The big day came, and he began by sharing his jitters about public speaking. Guess what? The audience loved it! His genuine admission warmed the room, and by the end of the talk, Liam left the stage feeling stronger than ever, with many new educator pals cheering him on.

So, the next time vulnerability knocks on your door, remember: it's not a sign of weakness but an invitation to showcase your bravest, most genuine self.

2. Get Excited About Vulnerability as a Path to Self-Discovery

Every time we confront our fear of vulnerability, we're also tapping into a deeper understanding of ourselves. It's like looking into a mirror that reflects who we truly are: our desires, our fears, and our dreams. Let’s explore the transformative power of vulnerability and how it promotes self-awareness.

  • Peeling back the layers. Vulnerability acts as a compass, pointing us towards the areas of our life that need attention or healing. By leaning into these moments, we begin to understand our triggers, desires, and boundaries.
  • Example: John always avoided social gatherings that would involve meeting new people, but when pushed to do so by his partner, he realized his fear stemmed from a childhood memory of being laughed at. This vulnerable moment wasn't just about conquering a fear. It was about understanding its origin.
  • Unmasking authentic desires. Sometimes, societal pressure masks our true desires. Vulnerability lets us shed these external expectations and tap into what we genuinely want.
  • Example: Lucy, always seen as the family's academic, decided to pursue art, even though it was seen as a "risky" move. By allowing herself to be vulnerable and face potential criticism, she discovered her true calling.
  • The power of reflection. Vulnerability often pushes us into moments of introspection. These reflective moments can be gateways to understanding our values, motivations, and aspirations.
  • Example: After a heated argument with a friend, Alex spent the evening journaling about the experience. This vulnerable moment of confrontation led to the realization that he valued loyalty above all else, explaining many of his past decisions and feelings.
  • Building emotional resilience. Facing vulnerable situations head-on helps us develop resilience. Over time, we become more in tune with our emotional responses and learn how to manage and understand them effectively.
  • Example: After a series of failed relationships, Allison took a year off dating to focus on herself. This vulnerable period of being alone made her more self-aware of her patterns in relationships, making her future partnerships healthier and more fulfilling.
  • Feedback as a growth tool. Feedback, both positive and negative, can make us feel vulnerable. But it's also a powerful tool for growth. By being open to feedback, we understand our strengths and areas of improvement.
  • Example: Mike, a budding chef, decided to host a dinner for friends and openly asked for feedback on each dish. While some critiques made him feel vulnerable, they were instrumental in refining his culinary skills and understanding his unique style.
  • Embracing uncertainty. Life is unpredictable. By embracing the vulnerability of not always having control, we learn to flow with life's uncertainties and become more aware of our adaptability and coping mechanisms.
  • Example: During a backpacking trip, Lisa missed her bus and was stranded in a small village. The initial vulnerability of being lost turned into an opportunity to discover her resourcefulness and ability to connect with strangers (safely, of course).

In the end, vulnerability is not just an emotional state. It's a teacher, a guide, and a tool. By allowing ourselves to be vulnerable, we don't just open ourselves up to potential pain, but to a treasure trove of self-awareness. So, get excited about the discoveries that await!

3. Focus on Vulnerability as a Gateway to Deeper Connections

Humans are inherently social creatures. Deep down, we crave connections, relationships, and understanding. When we shield ourselves from vulnerability, we're also distancing ourselves from the opportunity to connect deeply with others. By being vulnerable, we offer others a glimpse into our world, fostering understanding and empathy.

By seeing vulnerability as a gateway to meaningful relationships, we can start to overcome the fear associated with it. Here’s how:

  • Fostering authentic connections. There's something magical about connecting with someone on a genuine level. When we show our vulnerable side, it invites others to do the same, leading to deep, joyful bonds.
  • Example: Remember the night you sat with a close friend, sharing your fears, dreams, and memories until the early hours of the morning? It was vulnerability from both sides that led to a strengthening of your bond and the joyful realization that you're truly understood by someone else.
  • The ripple effect. When one person showcases vulnerability as a strength, it often has a domino effect by encouraging others to open up. The result? An environment of mutual trust and understanding. Over time, these spaces can transform into communities where vulnerability is celebrated, not shunned.
  • Example: A longtime friendship between Aisha and Ethan has recently felt strained. One evening, Aisha mustered up the courage to express how she's been feeling left out and unappreciated. Ethan, hearing Aisha's candid feelings, realized that he'd been so wrapped up in his own world that he had unintentionally neglected the friendship. Grateful for Aisha's vulnerability, he opened up about his recent job pressures and the impact it's had on his social interactions. Their dialogue leads to a deep, heartfelt conversation, reigniting the bond they once shared.
  • A week later, inspired by his talk with Aisha, Ethan decided to address another strained relationship in his life, which is his relationship with his younger brother. They discussed past grievances and misunderstandings, leading to a renewed connection.

See Vulnerability as a Path to Joy

Vulnerability and joy? They might seem like they're at opposite ends of the emotional spectrum. 

Sure, vulnerability might bring up raw emotions, possible embarrassment, or even fear. But what if we approached vulnerability as a pathway straight to joy? After all, often our achievements are the result of facing and overcoming vulnerabilities. When we peel back the layers and stand authentically in our feelings, we open the door to rich, unguarded experiences that can fill us with joy!

  • Experiencing the beauty of now. Vulnerability encourages us to be present, allowing us to fully soak in and appreciate the moment.
  • Example: Emma was always self-conscious about singing. One evening, she let go of her inhibitions and sang her heart out at a karaoke night. The joy she felt was unparalleled not just from the singing, but from being her authentic self in the moment.
  • Discovering hidden strengths. Often, when we embrace vulnerability, we might unearth strengths and passions we never knew we had!
  • Example: Mia had a phobia of water. On a trip with friends, she decided to face her fear and try snorkeling. The vulnerable act led her to discover a love for marine life.
  • Finding beauty in imperfections. Vulnerability teaches us to find joy not just in the perfect moments but in the imperfect ones that happen when life seems to go off-script.
  • Example: Anna tried baking a cake for her daughter's birthday. Though it didn't look like the picture, the laughter and joy it brought when everyone called it the "leaning tower of birthday delight" made the celebration even more special.
  • Finding joy in the unexpected. Life is unpredictable, and when we're open to its uncertainties, we often find joy in the most unexpected places. Vulnerability teaches us to let go of rigid expectations and be open to serendipity.
  • Example: Imagine going on a spontaneous road trip with no planned destination. Along the way, you might stumble upon a quaint little town, experience a breathtaking sunset, or meet locals with fascinating stories. It's the vulnerability of not knowing—and embracing—uncertainty that leads to unexpected joys.

In sum, vulnerability is like a prism, refracting life's experiences into vivid moments of joy. By embracing it, we're not just risking potential pain. We're also setting the stage for some of life's most treasured moments. It’s like turning up the volume on life; everything feels more intense, including joy.

Vulnerability and the Alcohol Journey

Finally, let’s take a look at embracing vulnerability in a specific context of cutting back or quitting alcohol. ​​ For many, the choice to cut back or quit drinking is intertwined with personal vulnerabilities and the societal expectations that surround alcohol consumption. 

For some, alcohol becomes a shield, a way to numb vulnerabilities or fit into certain social molds. It’s easy to reach for that glass of wine after a hard day, using it as an emotional crutch. Embracing vulnerability begins with recognizing these patterns. And here's the thing: acknowledging them is a part of the journey, and it pays off—big time.

Without alcohol as a buffer, we start rediscovering parts of ourselves that might have taken a backseat. This reconnection can be a beautiful, albeit sometimes overwhelming, process. It's the vulnerability in its purest form: meeting ourselves, with all our quirks and unmasked emotions.

As alcohol takes a lesser role, new rituals can make the road easier. Maybe it's a cup of herbal tea in the evening, a morning run, or journaling. These rituals, rooted in self-awareness and care, pave the way for a life where vulnerability is honored. And while it might seem like a challenging path, the rewards—clarity, better health, improved relationships, and a deeper understanding of ourselves—are profound and lasting.

Embracing Vulnerability

Ready to embrace the power of vulnerability? Here are some ways to get started:

  • Acknowledge your feelings. Start by recognizing your emotions. Are you feeling fearful? Anxious? By identifying and naming these emotions, you can begin to process and understand them.
  • Practice vulnerability daily. Set aside a few minutes each day to practice being vulnerable. This could be as simple as sharing a personal story with a close friend or writing down your feelings in a journal.
  • Stay present. When you find yourself spiraling into "what-if" scenarios, take a deep breath and bring yourself back to the present moment. Focus on what you can control.
  • Surround yourself with supportive people. Having a supportive network can make the process of opening up easier. These are the friends or family who'll listen without judgment and offer a comforting shoulder.
  • Reframe negative thoughts. If you catch yourself thinking, "What will they think of me?" try reframing it to, "This is my truth, and it deserves to be shared."
  • Set boundaries. Being vulnerable doesn't mean oversharing or ignoring your comfort zones. Know your boundaries, and it's okay to say, "I'm not ready to share this yet."
  • Curate a vulnerability playlist. Music can touch our most vulnerable places. Create a playlist of songs that resonate with your experiences. Play it when you need to process or just feel understood.
  • Join a workshop or group. Look for local or online workshops focusing on personal growth, emotional intelligence, or storytelling. Sharing in a group can be therapeutic and allow you to practice vulnerability in a safe space.
  • Practice active listening. Next time someone shares with you, focus wholly on their words without planning your response. This way, you encourage vulnerability in others, too, and learn through observation.

Own Your Story

In the words of Brené Brown, “Owning our story can be hard but not nearly as difficult as spending our lives running from it. Embracing our vulnerabilities is risky but not nearly as dangerous as giving up on love and belonging and joy — the experiences that make us the most vulnerable. Only when we are brave enough to explore the darkness will we discover the infinite power of our light.”

Embracing vulnerability might not be easy, but it sure is rewarding. Here's to deeper connections, more understanding, and living an authentic life, one vulnerable moment at a time!

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-31 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
What Are DBT Distress Tolerance Skills? Your Ultimate Guide
This is some text inside of a div block.

DBT distress tolerance skills are game-changers in handling life's emotional waves. Dive into Emily's journey as she navigates social pressures and choices, using these skills to master her cravings.

19 min read

Uncover True Resilience With Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

It's Friday evening, and Emily’s just showed up to her friend’s dinner party. As the bottle of Merlot makes its way around the table, Emily momentarily loses herself in thought. It's been a week since she committed to reducing her alcohol intake. Each passing day has tested her resolve, with cravings sneaking up on her in unexpected moments. Tonight, the challenge seems amplified by the need to fit in.

Yet, as the bottle approaches, Emily makes a conscious choice. She declines and instead pours herself a glass of sparkling water. While outwardly, it might seem like a simple gesture, Emily is internally navigating a sea of emotions and distressing thoughts. This is where her recently acquired DBT distress tolerance skills come into play. Relying on them, Emily manages to stay grounded, enjoying the evening while staying true to her commitment.

What Are DBT Distress Tolerance Skills?

Understanding the complexities of human emotion and behavior has always been a central focus in psychology. Within this vast field, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) emerges as a pioneering therapeutic approach, shedding light on how we deal with distressing situations. 

Origins of Dialectical Behavior Therapy

To comprehend distress tolerance, it's essential to recognize DBT's roots. Dr. Marsha Linehan, in the late 1980s, developed DBT to address the specific needs of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who often struggled with self-harm or suicidal tendencies. Her goal was to create a therapy that would enable these individuals to regulate their emotions, develop healthier relationships, and improve their overall quality of life.

However, as the efficacy of DBT became evident, therapists began to employ its techniques for a broader range of issues. Substance misuse, in particular, emerged as a field where DBT showed significant potential. The reason? Many parallels exist between the emotional turbulence often faced by those with BPD and the distressing triggers that can lead someone to misuse substances.

DBT's Cornerstone: Distress Tolerance Skills

Distress tolerance, as a component of DBT, focuses primarily on building resilience and improving our capacity to withstand challenging situations without resorting to negative behaviors. Instead of trying to change or eliminate distressing feelings immediately, this approach emphasizes enduring them in a more adaptive and less destructive manner.

Let's consider the metaphor of an athlete training for a marathon. The runner doesn't begin by attempting the full 26.2 miles right away. Instead, they train incrementally, building stamina, muscle strength, and mental tenacity. Similarly, distress tolerance skills are like the "training regimen" for our emotional and psychological well-being, equipping us with tools to handle life's challenges.

The Four Key Aspects of Distress Tolerance

Distress tolerance comes down to four things: distraction, self-soothing, improving the moment, and considering pros and cons. Let’s consider each of these factors:

  • Distraction: During heightened moments of distress, our thoughts can become overwhelming, forming a vicious cycle of negativity. Distraction techniques involve diverting the mind temporarily from these distressing thoughts. This isn't about avoidance but offers a temporary break, allowing us to return to the issue with a clearer, calmer mind.

  • Self-soothing: This revolves around the idea of comforting ourselves in healthful ways. It might involve engaging the five senses: listening to calming music, having a warm drink, or even just feeling the texture of a comforting blanket. These actions, though simple, can have profound effects on calming the mind.

  • Improving the moment: Sometimes, the direct removal of a distressing factor isn't possible. In such scenarios, this technique focuses on finding ways to make the current situation a little more bearable. It could be as simple as reciting positive affirmations or using visualization techniques to picture a happier scenario.

  • Considering pros and cons: When faced with an immediate urge to resort to harmful behaviors, like grabbing that tempting glass of wine, we can weigh the short-term and long-term benefits and consequences. This rational analysis often provides the clarity needed to make a healthier choice.


Why Distress Tolerance Skills Matter

In a world rife with unpredictable challenges, possessing the ability to tolerate distress is invaluable. Whether it’s dealing with the loss of a job, a breakup, or everyday stresses like traffic jams, these skills offer a framework to process emotions healthily.

For those of us changing our relationship with alcohol, the journey is often marred with triggers — social scenarios, personal setbacks, or even specific emotions. Each time we choose not to give in to the pull of the substance, we’re effectively flexing our "distress tolerance muscle." Over time, this repeated action strengthens our resilience, decreasing the alcohol’s allure.

The Transformative Science-Backed Benefits of Distress Tolerance Skills

The strength of distress tolerance skills lies not just in theory but in their palpable, transformative power. These skills aren’t just therapeutic techniques; they are tools of empowerment, transformation, and growth. Here are some of the biggest benefits.

1. Fostering Resilience: Building Emotional Stamina

Imagine resilience as a shield. The thicker and stronger this shield, the better we can deflect life’s challenges without crumbling. One of the most potent benefits of distress tolerance skills is the development of this emotional resilience.

  • Understanding emotional triggers: Distress tolerance skills equip us with the ability to recognize emotional triggers. By identifying what sets off emotional spirals, we can proactively develop strategies to deal with them.

  • Building emotional endurance: Just as a marathon runner trains to develop physical endurance, distress tolerance skills serve as a training regimen for emotional stamina. Through repeated exposure and the application of these skills, we can build the ability to endure challenging emotional states without immediate mitigation.
  • Bouncing back: Resilience isn’t just about enduring; it’s also about recovery. Distress tolerance skills help us not only weather emotional storms but also bounce back from them more rapidly.


2. Breaking the Cycle: Offering an Alternative Coping Mechanism

For many of us struggling with our alcohol intake, there's a cyclic pattern: emotional distress leads to alcohol use as a coping mechanism, which results in short-term relief but long-term negative consequences, leading to more distress. Distress tolerance skills offer a way to break this harmful cycle. Here’s how:

  • Delaying gratification: One of the foundational aspects of distress tolerance is the ability to delay immediate gratification in favor of long-term benefits. Instead of reaching for that drink to find quick relief, these skills allow us to sit with our discomfort, realizing that it's temporary and will pass.

  • Developing healthier coping strategies: Distress tolerance introduces a repertoire of healthier coping strategies, such as deep breathing, distraction, or grounding exercises. By offering alternatives, it reduces the reliance on maladaptive behaviors.

  • Reducing relapse rates: For those in recovery from substance abuse, distress tolerance skills have shown to reduce relapse rates. By providing tools to deal with distressing triggers, the likelihood of resorting back to alcohol use diminishes.


3. Boosting Self-confidence: A Journey of Self-belief and Mastery

When we consistently employ and succeed in using distress tolerance skills, there's a remarkable growth in self-confidence. This isn’t just anecdotal but rather is backed by countless research findings.


  • Mastering skills and celebrating small wins: Every time someone successfully employs a distress tolerance technique to navigate a distressing scenario, it's a victory. These small wins accumulate over time, contributing to a sense of mastery and competence.

  • Shifting self-perception: Over time, we begin to view ourselves not as victims of our emotions or circumstances but as empowered beings capable of handling challenges. This shift in self-perception is monumental in boosting self-confidence.

  • Empowerment in choices: With increased confidence, we realize we have choices. We are no longer at the mercy of our impulses but can make empowered decisions about how to respond to situations.

The Power of Saying No to Alcohol With DBT

Alcohol, for many, is a double-edged sword. While it offers a temporary escape from distressing emotions or situations, its long-term implications on physical and mental health are undeniable. DBT's distress tolerance skills come to the forefront in this battle against alcohol reliance.

  • Understanding the underlying emotions: Often, the urge to drink stems from deeper, unaddressed emotions. Distress tolerance skills provide the tools to introspect and understand these underlying feelings.
  • Providing immediate tools for intervention: When the craving strikes, it's crucial to have immediate tools for intervention. Whether it's a grounding technique, a breathing exercise, or simply the ability to distract ourselves, these skills can be the crucial difference between reaching for a drink and choosing a healthier coping mechanism.

  • Building a support system: DBT often involves group therapy, where individuals learn from peers, share experiences, and build a supportive community. Knowing we aren't alone in the journey can be incredibly empowering.

Practicing Distress Tolerance Skills

Navigating the stormy waters of distress can be challenging, but with the right techniques, it's possible to sail through with grace and fortitude. Here's a deeper dive into how we can hone these much-needed distress tolerance skills.

1. Self-Soothe With the Senses

  • Sounds: Sounds, especially calming ones, have a therapeutic effect on the mind. Whether it's the rustling of leaves, soft instrumental music, or the gentle hum of a fan, tuning into these sounds can center the mind.

  • Touch: From the soft caress of a pet's fur to the textured surface of a favorite blanket, touch has a grounding effect. Simple tactile activities, like kneading dough or immersing hands in a bowl of cool water, can also help recalibrate emotions.
  • Smells: Scented candles, essential oils, or even the comforting aroma of freshly baked bread can evoke feelings of warmth, security, and nostalgia. Choosing scents like lavender, chamomile, or eucalyptus can especially calm the nerves.

2. Embrace the TIPP Technique

  • Cold splash, fresh perspective: A sudden change in temperature, like splashing cold water on the face or taking a cool shower, can act as a physical reset, jolting the system out of distressing emotions.

  • Physical exertion as emotional liberation: A quick sprint, some jumping jacks, or a brisk walk around the block can release pent-up emotions and produce endorphins, the body's natural mood lifters.
  • Breathing balance: Paced, deep breathing can act as an anchor, pulling us back from the overwhelming waves of distress.

  • Relaxation meets tension: Contracting and then relaxing different muscle groups can diffuse tension and bring awareness back to the body.

3. Find Clarity Through a Pros and Cons List

Putting pen to paper and visually seeing the repercussions of an impulsive decision can instill a pause, allowing time for reflection. This pause can be the critical difference between reacting impulsively and choosing a more balanced response.

Grab a pen and paper (or turn to the Notes section in your phone), and jot down a pros and cons list. This can steer you in the right direction and give you much-needed clarity in complex situations.

4. Stay Grounded With Proven Techniques

  • Sensory countdown: The "5-4-3-2-1" technique brings immediate awareness to the present. By naming tangible things around, we can pull ourselves out of spiraling thoughts and into the current environment.
  • Texture trails: Touching and describing various objects around can also bring us back to the present moment.


7. Embrace Radical Acceptance

While life can present unpleasant situations, recognizing and accepting them without judgment can pave the way for more balanced reactions.

It’s crucial to differentiate between "acceptance" and "approval." Acceptance is about acknowledging the reality as it stands, even if it's not liked or approved. The less we fight against reality and instead focus on how we respond to the world around us, the more peace we will unlock. 

DBT Distress Tolerance Kills: Glimmers of Hope on the Horizon

In life, everyone encounters patches of distress and turmoil. But with tools like the DBT distress tolerance skills, navigating these patches becomes less about floundering and more about navigating with grace, understanding, and resilience. For every moment we seek solace in a glass of wine or a bottle of beer, imagine the transformative power of having an array of cognitive tools instead. A world where every challenge, every distressing moment, is met with strength, clarity, and hope. With DBT's techniques at our fingertips, not only is this possible, but it's a horizon gleaming with promise and potential.

It's Friday evening, and Emily’s just showed up to her friend’s dinner party. As the bottle of Merlot makes its way around the table, Emily momentarily loses herself in thought. It's been a week since she committed to reducing her alcohol intake. Each passing day has tested her resolve, with cravings sneaking up on her in unexpected moments. Tonight, the challenge seems amplified by the need to fit in.

Yet, as the bottle approaches, Emily makes a conscious choice. She declines and instead pours herself a glass of sparkling water. While outwardly, it might seem like a simple gesture, Emily is internally navigating a sea of emotions and distressing thoughts. This is where her recently acquired DBT distress tolerance skills come into play. Relying on them, Emily manages to stay grounded, enjoying the evening while staying true to her commitment.

What Are DBT Distress Tolerance Skills?

Understanding the complexities of human emotion and behavior has always been a central focus in psychology. Within this vast field, dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) emerges as a pioneering therapeutic approach, shedding light on how we deal with distressing situations. 

Origins of Dialectical Behavior Therapy

To comprehend distress tolerance, it's essential to recognize DBT's roots. Dr. Marsha Linehan, in the late 1980s, developed DBT to address the specific needs of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who often struggled with self-harm or suicidal tendencies. Her goal was to create a therapy that would enable these individuals to regulate their emotions, develop healthier relationships, and improve their overall quality of life.

However, as the efficacy of DBT became evident, therapists began to employ its techniques for a broader range of issues. Substance misuse, in particular, emerged as a field where DBT showed significant potential. The reason? Many parallels exist between the emotional turbulence often faced by those with BPD and the distressing triggers that can lead someone to misuse substances.

DBT's Cornerstone: Distress Tolerance Skills

Distress tolerance, as a component of DBT, focuses primarily on building resilience and improving our capacity to withstand challenging situations without resorting to negative behaviors. Instead of trying to change or eliminate distressing feelings immediately, this approach emphasizes enduring them in a more adaptive and less destructive manner.

Let's consider the metaphor of an athlete training for a marathon. The runner doesn't begin by attempting the full 26.2 miles right away. Instead, they train incrementally, building stamina, muscle strength, and mental tenacity. Similarly, distress tolerance skills are like the "training regimen" for our emotional and psychological well-being, equipping us with tools to handle life's challenges.

The Four Key Aspects of Distress Tolerance

Distress tolerance comes down to four things: distraction, self-soothing, improving the moment, and considering pros and cons. Let’s consider each of these factors:

  • Distraction: During heightened moments of distress, our thoughts can become overwhelming, forming a vicious cycle of negativity. Distraction techniques involve diverting the mind temporarily from these distressing thoughts. This isn't about avoidance but offers a temporary break, allowing us to return to the issue with a clearer, calmer mind.

  • Self-soothing: This revolves around the idea of comforting ourselves in healthful ways. It might involve engaging the five senses: listening to calming music, having a warm drink, or even just feeling the texture of a comforting blanket. These actions, though simple, can have profound effects on calming the mind.

  • Improving the moment: Sometimes, the direct removal of a distressing factor isn't possible. In such scenarios, this technique focuses on finding ways to make the current situation a little more bearable. It could be as simple as reciting positive affirmations or using visualization techniques to picture a happier scenario.

  • Considering pros and cons: When faced with an immediate urge to resort to harmful behaviors, like grabbing that tempting glass of wine, we can weigh the short-term and long-term benefits and consequences. This rational analysis often provides the clarity needed to make a healthier choice.


Why Distress Tolerance Skills Matter

In a world rife with unpredictable challenges, possessing the ability to tolerate distress is invaluable. Whether it’s dealing with the loss of a job, a breakup, or everyday stresses like traffic jams, these skills offer a framework to process emotions healthily.

For those of us changing our relationship with alcohol, the journey is often marred with triggers — social scenarios, personal setbacks, or even specific emotions. Each time we choose not to give in to the pull of the substance, we’re effectively flexing our "distress tolerance muscle." Over time, this repeated action strengthens our resilience, decreasing the alcohol’s allure.

The Transformative Science-Backed Benefits of Distress Tolerance Skills

The strength of distress tolerance skills lies not just in theory but in their palpable, transformative power. These skills aren’t just therapeutic techniques; they are tools of empowerment, transformation, and growth. Here are some of the biggest benefits.

1. Fostering Resilience: Building Emotional Stamina

Imagine resilience as a shield. The thicker and stronger this shield, the better we can deflect life’s challenges without crumbling. One of the most potent benefits of distress tolerance skills is the development of this emotional resilience.

  • Understanding emotional triggers: Distress tolerance skills equip us with the ability to recognize emotional triggers. By identifying what sets off emotional spirals, we can proactively develop strategies to deal with them.

  • Building emotional endurance: Just as a marathon runner trains to develop physical endurance, distress tolerance skills serve as a training regimen for emotional stamina. Through repeated exposure and the application of these skills, we can build the ability to endure challenging emotional states without immediate mitigation.
  • Bouncing back: Resilience isn’t just about enduring; it’s also about recovery. Distress tolerance skills help us not only weather emotional storms but also bounce back from them more rapidly.


2. Breaking the Cycle: Offering an Alternative Coping Mechanism

For many of us struggling with our alcohol intake, there's a cyclic pattern: emotional distress leads to alcohol use as a coping mechanism, which results in short-term relief but long-term negative consequences, leading to more distress. Distress tolerance skills offer a way to break this harmful cycle. Here’s how:

  • Delaying gratification: One of the foundational aspects of distress tolerance is the ability to delay immediate gratification in favor of long-term benefits. Instead of reaching for that drink to find quick relief, these skills allow us to sit with our discomfort, realizing that it's temporary and will pass.

  • Developing healthier coping strategies: Distress tolerance introduces a repertoire of healthier coping strategies, such as deep breathing, distraction, or grounding exercises. By offering alternatives, it reduces the reliance on maladaptive behaviors.

  • Reducing relapse rates: For those in recovery from substance abuse, distress tolerance skills have shown to reduce relapse rates. By providing tools to deal with distressing triggers, the likelihood of resorting back to alcohol use diminishes.


3. Boosting Self-confidence: A Journey of Self-belief and Mastery

When we consistently employ and succeed in using distress tolerance skills, there's a remarkable growth in self-confidence. This isn’t just anecdotal but rather is backed by countless research findings.


  • Mastering skills and celebrating small wins: Every time someone successfully employs a distress tolerance technique to navigate a distressing scenario, it's a victory. These small wins accumulate over time, contributing to a sense of mastery and competence.

  • Shifting self-perception: Over time, we begin to view ourselves not as victims of our emotions or circumstances but as empowered beings capable of handling challenges. This shift in self-perception is monumental in boosting self-confidence.

  • Empowerment in choices: With increased confidence, we realize we have choices. We are no longer at the mercy of our impulses but can make empowered decisions about how to respond to situations.

The Power of Saying No to Alcohol With DBT

Alcohol, for many, is a double-edged sword. While it offers a temporary escape from distressing emotions or situations, its long-term implications on physical and mental health are undeniable. DBT's distress tolerance skills come to the forefront in this battle against alcohol reliance.

  • Understanding the underlying emotions: Often, the urge to drink stems from deeper, unaddressed emotions. Distress tolerance skills provide the tools to introspect and understand these underlying feelings.
  • Providing immediate tools for intervention: When the craving strikes, it's crucial to have immediate tools for intervention. Whether it's a grounding technique, a breathing exercise, or simply the ability to distract ourselves, these skills can be the crucial difference between reaching for a drink and choosing a healthier coping mechanism.

  • Building a support system: DBT often involves group therapy, where individuals learn from peers, share experiences, and build a supportive community. Knowing we aren't alone in the journey can be incredibly empowering.

Practicing Distress Tolerance Skills

Navigating the stormy waters of distress can be challenging, but with the right techniques, it's possible to sail through with grace and fortitude. Here's a deeper dive into how we can hone these much-needed distress tolerance skills.

1. Self-Soothe With the Senses

  • Sounds: Sounds, especially calming ones, have a therapeutic effect on the mind. Whether it's the rustling of leaves, soft instrumental music, or the gentle hum of a fan, tuning into these sounds can center the mind.

  • Touch: From the soft caress of a pet's fur to the textured surface of a favorite blanket, touch has a grounding effect. Simple tactile activities, like kneading dough or immersing hands in a bowl of cool water, can also help recalibrate emotions.
  • Smells: Scented candles, essential oils, or even the comforting aroma of freshly baked bread can evoke feelings of warmth, security, and nostalgia. Choosing scents like lavender, chamomile, or eucalyptus can especially calm the nerves.

2. Embrace the TIPP Technique

  • Cold splash, fresh perspective: A sudden change in temperature, like splashing cold water on the face or taking a cool shower, can act as a physical reset, jolting the system out of distressing emotions.

  • Physical exertion as emotional liberation: A quick sprint, some jumping jacks, or a brisk walk around the block can release pent-up emotions and produce endorphins, the body's natural mood lifters.
  • Breathing balance: Paced, deep breathing can act as an anchor, pulling us back from the overwhelming waves of distress.

  • Relaxation meets tension: Contracting and then relaxing different muscle groups can diffuse tension and bring awareness back to the body.

3. Find Clarity Through a Pros and Cons List

Putting pen to paper and visually seeing the repercussions of an impulsive decision can instill a pause, allowing time for reflection. This pause can be the critical difference between reacting impulsively and choosing a more balanced response.

Grab a pen and paper (or turn to the Notes section in your phone), and jot down a pros and cons list. This can steer you in the right direction and give you much-needed clarity in complex situations.

4. Stay Grounded With Proven Techniques

  • Sensory countdown: The "5-4-3-2-1" technique brings immediate awareness to the present. By naming tangible things around, we can pull ourselves out of spiraling thoughts and into the current environment.
  • Texture trails: Touching and describing various objects around can also bring us back to the present moment.


7. Embrace Radical Acceptance

While life can present unpleasant situations, recognizing and accepting them without judgment can pave the way for more balanced reactions.

It’s crucial to differentiate between "acceptance" and "approval." Acceptance is about acknowledging the reality as it stands, even if it's not liked or approved. The less we fight against reality and instead focus on how we respond to the world around us, the more peace we will unlock. 

DBT Distress Tolerance Kills: Glimmers of Hope on the Horizon

In life, everyone encounters patches of distress and turmoil. But with tools like the DBT distress tolerance skills, navigating these patches becomes less about floundering and more about navigating with grace, understanding, and resilience. For every moment we seek solace in a glass of wine or a bottle of beer, imagine the transformative power of having an array of cognitive tools instead. A world where every challenge, every distressing moment, is met with strength, clarity, and hope. With DBT's techniques at our fingertips, not only is this possible, but it's a horizon gleaming with promise and potential.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-31 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Diaphragmatic Breathing: Benefits and How To Practice
This is some text inside of a div block.

Diaphragmatic breathing benefits aren't just hype! This transformative technique promotes relaxation, bolsters lung function, and combats daily stressors.

19 min read

Unleash Optimal Well-Being With Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

Elena is a high-achieving lawyer who has always unwound with a glass of white wine at the end of a long day in court. She knows she can find better ways to relax, but the wine has become so habitual that she doesn’t even know where else to look. Then, a health seminar introduces her to the power of diaphragmatic breathing. Though initially skeptical, Elena decides to give it a shot. Within weeks, she finds herself reaching less for the wine bottle and more for a quiet corner to breathe. She feels the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing so strongly that she tells her friends and colleagues about it, prompting many to explore this transformative exercise.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: A Primer

It's interesting how the most basic actions in life, such as breathing, often carry the most profound benefits for our well-being.

At its core, diaphragmatic breathing contrasts with the short, quick breaths many of us adopt, especially during times of distress. Shallow breathing taps into only a fraction of our lung capacity, often leading to quicker fatigue and a sense of breathlessness. Diaphragmatic breathing, on the other hand, invites us to engage the diaphragm fully. This powerhouse of a muscle is delicately positioned below the lungs and plays a pivotal role in our respiratory health.

When we activate the diaphragm, we give our lungs the space they crave (and typically miss out on throughout the day). Such expansion equips the lungs to accommodate more air, and, therefore, more oxygen. Oxygen, as we well know, is the molecule that every cell in our body requires. It's the fuel that drives myriad physiological processes, ensuring we remain energetic and free from disease.

The benefits of diaphragmatic breathing also lie in its facilitation of waste elimination. As we take deeper exhalations, we get rid of more carbon dioxide, which is a byproduct of cellular metabolism. This meticulous balance—more oxygen in, more waste out—ensures our body functions optimally.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: Neurological Benefits

Beyond the evident respiratory perks, the diaphragmatic technique can bring about profound changes in the neurological realm. One of the beneficiaries of this breathing style is the vagus nerve.

The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve, threading its path from the brain through the neck and into the abdomen. It's an integral component of the parasympathetic nervous system, often labeled as the "rest and digest" system. While our sympathetic nervous system gears us for "fight or flight," its parasympathetic counterpart urges us to relax, rejuvenate, and restore.

Diaphragmatic breathing's role as a catalyst in this process is crucial. As we engage in deep, rhythmic breaths, we massage the organs, especially the digestive tract, where the vagus nerve is densely present. This gentle massage excites the vagus nerve, amplifying its signals. And one of the predominant messages it relays? Calm down!

Lehrer and Gevirtz (2014) elaborated on this phenomenon, showcasing how vagus nerve stimulation through practices like diaphragmatic breathing can significantly downregulate stress responses. When the vagus nerve fires up, it nudges the body to release acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that dampens the frantic activity of our sympathetic nervous system. The result? A significant drop in heart rate, smoother digestion, and an enveloping sense of serenity.

By choosing to shift from shallow breaths to deep, diaphragmatic ones, we can activate our body's inherent calming mechanism. We signal to our body that all is well, allowing it to transition from a state of high alert to one of tranquility. With every deep breath, we combat stress, anxiety, and unease, replacing them with calm, clarity, and centeredness. And this natural remedy can be harnessed anytime, anywhere.

Beating Alcohol Cravings Through Diaphragmatic Breathing

In today’s society, the allure of alcohol as a stress-reliever is undeniable. A glass of wine after a tiring day, a cold beer amidst a heated argument, or a shot of whiskey to drown our sorrows are all familiar scenarios. However, these seemingly benign acts, when repeated, can foster a dependence on alcohol to get through stress and challenging times And while alcohol might promise immediate relief, its aftereffects can amplify the very stressors we sought to evade. Interrupted sleep cycles, worsened anxiety, and even bouts of depression can all result due to excessive alcohol consumption.

Thankfully, diaphragmatic breathing can be a successful antidote when practiced regularly.

Cravings, especially as we first set out to change our drinking habits, can be overpowering. The intense need for a drink can cloud our judgment and reignite old patterns. Yet, the act of drawing a deep, diaphragmatic breath can serve as a powerful interrupter.

When faced with a craving, we can steer our mind away from the immediate desire by engaging the diaphragm and indulging in a series of deep breaths. This diversion isn’t just psychological. There's a physiological mechanism at play as well. As we discussed, diaphragmatic breathing stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which is our body's natural relaxation response. Within moments, the heightened state of craving can subside, replaced by a sense of centered calmness. We can think of diaphragmatic breathing as hitting our internal reset button, offering the brain a chance to reconsider our choices.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: Additional Science-Backed Benefits

Enhanced Lung Capacity

Unlike shallow chest breathing, diaphragmatic breathing delves deep, making efficient use of the lungs' entire capacity. As we persistently engage in this technique, our lungs become accustomed to fuller expansions and contractions. This habitual deep breathing ensures that a more significant volume of fresh air enters the lungs, facilitating optimal gas exchange, which is an essential function of life.

Optimal Oxygenation

Each cell in our body relies on oxygen for fuel. By boosting our lung capacity, diaphragmatic breathing ensures that a rich supply of oxygen permeates every corner of our body. Cellular activity amplifies as a consequence of this enhanced oxygenation. The mitochondria, our cellular powerhouses, can produce more energy (in the form of ATP), resulting in an overall sense of vitality. This manifests as improved endurance, sustained stamina, and a consistent energy pool to draw from throughout the day.

Sharper Cognition

Our brain, despite accounting for just 2% of our body weight, consumes about 20% of the oxygen we breathe. Thus, it's evident that optimal brain function is closely tied to efficient oxygenation. As diaphragmatic breathing improves oxygen supply, it directly benefits cognitive processes, resulting in enhanced focus, sharper memory recall, quicker problem-solving skills, and a heightened ability to concentrate. Furthermore, this enriched oxygen supply also serves as a protective factor, potentially warding off cognitive decline as we age.

Stronger Immune Response

A well-oxygenated body provides an ideal environment for the immune system to thrive. Improved oxygenation aids in the efficient production and function of white blood cells, our body's primary defense mechanism against infections and foreign invaders. Additionally, a regular deep-breathing practice can also stimulate the lymphatic system, responsible for detoxifying the body and purging out waste products. This combination of enhanced defense and detoxification equips the body to better resist diseases and ensures a quicker recovery when we do fall ill.

Better Posture

At a glance, it might seem odd to associate breathing with posture. Yet, the two are intricately linked. Diaphragmatic breathing demands that the spine remains in a neutral, erect position to facilitate unrestricted movement of the diaphragm. Over time, as we practice this form of breathing, the body begins to naturally adopt a straighter stance. This habitual erect posture counters the all-too-common slouch that stems from prolonged sitting and screen time.

This posture refinement isn't merely cosmetic. A straight spine ensures that intervertebral discs, the cushioning pads between spinal bones, experience minimal undue pressure. It also optimizes nerve function, as the spinal cord remains unhindered. Furthermore, an erect posture promotes efficient organ function as it prevents the crowding of abdominal organs, allowing them to operate without constraints.

Mastering the Art of Diaphragmatic Breathing

In an era where quick fixes and instant gratifications dominate our landscape, diaphragmatic breathing is an age-old practice that promises. It's not a fancy meditation technique or an intricate yoga posture. It's simply about harnessing the power of our breath, a natural function we’ve been performing since birth but often overlooked.Here’s how we can make the most of this technique:

  • Finding comfort: Begin by finding a peaceful spot. Whether it’s a cozy corner in your living room or a quiet nook in the park, what matters is comfort. You can choose to sit or lie down, based on your preference. Ensure your back is straight and your limbs are relaxed.
  • Hand placement: This step is crucial for awareness. By placing one hand on the chest and the other on the abdomen, you can physically feel the breath's journey. This tactile feedback provides real-time insight into the depth and pace of your breaths.
  • The inhale: With closed eyes, breathe in gently through the nose. Let this inhalation be slow and controlled. As you breathe in, focus on allowing the abdomen to rise. This movement indicates that the diaphragm is engaged and pulling air into the lungs.
  • The exhale: Once the lungs are filled, transition to the exhale. You can choose to breathe out through the mouth or nose, based on what feels natural. Allow the abdomen to fall, signaling the release of air from the lungs.
  • Building rhythm: The key to diaphragmatic breathing is consistency. Gradually synchronize your inhalations and exhalations to create a rhythmic pattern. Over time, this pattern becomes second nature, but in the early stages, it's essential to remain attentive to the abdominal movements.

How To Integrate Diaphragmatic Breathing Into Daily Life

We don’t need to be in a quiet yoga studio in order to experience the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing. It’s a technique that serves us well in any circumstance. Here are a few ways to take advantage of it in daily life:

  1. On the elevator: Gone are the days of absentminded phone scrolling. Elevator rides, brief as they may be, offer the perfect window for a couple of focused breaths. By the time you reach your floor, you’ll be noticeably more centered.
  2. Commercial break calm: Television commercials can be a source of both entertainment and irritation. Instead of channel hopping, consider these breaks as opportunities for mini relaxation sessions.
  3. Mid-report respite: Work-related stress is all too common. Amidst dense reports and endless paperwork, deliberately scheduling three diaphragmatic breathing breaks can rejuvenate the mind, boosting both productivity and mood.
  4. Traffic tranquility: Traffic jams can fray the calmest of nerves. Instead of succumbing to frustration, pivot your focus to breathing. Deep inhalations and exhalations can transform road rage into road relaxation. Of course, safety first: always ensure your primary attention remains on driving.
  5. Queue quietude: Long lines, whether at the bank or the coffee shop, can be monotonous. But with a shift in perspective, this waiting time morphs into a precious pause: perfect for some diaphragmatic breathing.
  6. Post-email peace: Emails, especially stressful ones, can elicit strong reactions. Instead of hastily moving to the next task, take a post-email breather. A few deep breaths can help reset the emotional barometer, readying you for what lies ahead.
  7. Before bed bliss: Sleep is sacred, and how we transition into it matters. Establish a nightly diaphragmatic breathing routine. Investing just five minutes before turning off the lights can be the bridge to a deep, restful slumber.

The Journey Ahead

Reducing our alcohol intake, especially alcohol consumption has been a long-standing coping mechanism, is incredibly challenging. The road will be riddled with temptations, setbacks, and moments of self-doubt. Yet, amidst this journey, tools like diaphragmatic breathing emerge as powerful allies. They remind us of the innate strengths we possess, strengths that lie just a breath away.

As more people embrace this technique, they don't merely swap a bottle for a breath; they exchange a fleeting escape for lasting peace. And in this trade, the real victor is holistic health, mindfulness, and the promise of a life lived fully, one breath at a time.

Elena is a high-achieving lawyer who has always unwound with a glass of white wine at the end of a long day in court. She knows she can find better ways to relax, but the wine has become so habitual that she doesn’t even know where else to look. Then, a health seminar introduces her to the power of diaphragmatic breathing. Though initially skeptical, Elena decides to give it a shot. Within weeks, she finds herself reaching less for the wine bottle and more for a quiet corner to breathe. She feels the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing so strongly that she tells her friends and colleagues about it, prompting many to explore this transformative exercise.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: A Primer

It's interesting how the most basic actions in life, such as breathing, often carry the most profound benefits for our well-being.

At its core, diaphragmatic breathing contrasts with the short, quick breaths many of us adopt, especially during times of distress. Shallow breathing taps into only a fraction of our lung capacity, often leading to quicker fatigue and a sense of breathlessness. Diaphragmatic breathing, on the other hand, invites us to engage the diaphragm fully. This powerhouse of a muscle is delicately positioned below the lungs and plays a pivotal role in our respiratory health.

When we activate the diaphragm, we give our lungs the space they crave (and typically miss out on throughout the day). Such expansion equips the lungs to accommodate more air, and, therefore, more oxygen. Oxygen, as we well know, is the molecule that every cell in our body requires. It's the fuel that drives myriad physiological processes, ensuring we remain energetic and free from disease.

The benefits of diaphragmatic breathing also lie in its facilitation of waste elimination. As we take deeper exhalations, we get rid of more carbon dioxide, which is a byproduct of cellular metabolism. This meticulous balance—more oxygen in, more waste out—ensures our body functions optimally.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: Neurological Benefits

Beyond the evident respiratory perks, the diaphragmatic technique can bring about profound changes in the neurological realm. One of the beneficiaries of this breathing style is the vagus nerve.

The vagus nerve is the longest cranial nerve, threading its path from the brain through the neck and into the abdomen. It's an integral component of the parasympathetic nervous system, often labeled as the "rest and digest" system. While our sympathetic nervous system gears us for "fight or flight," its parasympathetic counterpart urges us to relax, rejuvenate, and restore.

Diaphragmatic breathing's role as a catalyst in this process is crucial. As we engage in deep, rhythmic breaths, we massage the organs, especially the digestive tract, where the vagus nerve is densely present. This gentle massage excites the vagus nerve, amplifying its signals. And one of the predominant messages it relays? Calm down!

Lehrer and Gevirtz (2014) elaborated on this phenomenon, showcasing how vagus nerve stimulation through practices like diaphragmatic breathing can significantly downregulate stress responses. When the vagus nerve fires up, it nudges the body to release acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that dampens the frantic activity of our sympathetic nervous system. The result? A significant drop in heart rate, smoother digestion, and an enveloping sense of serenity.

By choosing to shift from shallow breaths to deep, diaphragmatic ones, we can activate our body's inherent calming mechanism. We signal to our body that all is well, allowing it to transition from a state of high alert to one of tranquility. With every deep breath, we combat stress, anxiety, and unease, replacing them with calm, clarity, and centeredness. And this natural remedy can be harnessed anytime, anywhere.

Beating Alcohol Cravings Through Diaphragmatic Breathing

In today’s society, the allure of alcohol as a stress-reliever is undeniable. A glass of wine after a tiring day, a cold beer amidst a heated argument, or a shot of whiskey to drown our sorrows are all familiar scenarios. However, these seemingly benign acts, when repeated, can foster a dependence on alcohol to get through stress and challenging times And while alcohol might promise immediate relief, its aftereffects can amplify the very stressors we sought to evade. Interrupted sleep cycles, worsened anxiety, and even bouts of depression can all result due to excessive alcohol consumption.

Thankfully, diaphragmatic breathing can be a successful antidote when practiced regularly.

Cravings, especially as we first set out to change our drinking habits, can be overpowering. The intense need for a drink can cloud our judgment and reignite old patterns. Yet, the act of drawing a deep, diaphragmatic breath can serve as a powerful interrupter.

When faced with a craving, we can steer our mind away from the immediate desire by engaging the diaphragm and indulging in a series of deep breaths. This diversion isn’t just psychological. There's a physiological mechanism at play as well. As we discussed, diaphragmatic breathing stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, which is our body's natural relaxation response. Within moments, the heightened state of craving can subside, replaced by a sense of centered calmness. We can think of diaphragmatic breathing as hitting our internal reset button, offering the brain a chance to reconsider our choices.

Diaphragmatic Breathing: Additional Science-Backed Benefits

Enhanced Lung Capacity

Unlike shallow chest breathing, diaphragmatic breathing delves deep, making efficient use of the lungs' entire capacity. As we persistently engage in this technique, our lungs become accustomed to fuller expansions and contractions. This habitual deep breathing ensures that a more significant volume of fresh air enters the lungs, facilitating optimal gas exchange, which is an essential function of life.

Optimal Oxygenation

Each cell in our body relies on oxygen for fuel. By boosting our lung capacity, diaphragmatic breathing ensures that a rich supply of oxygen permeates every corner of our body. Cellular activity amplifies as a consequence of this enhanced oxygenation. The mitochondria, our cellular powerhouses, can produce more energy (in the form of ATP), resulting in an overall sense of vitality. This manifests as improved endurance, sustained stamina, and a consistent energy pool to draw from throughout the day.

Sharper Cognition

Our brain, despite accounting for just 2% of our body weight, consumes about 20% of the oxygen we breathe. Thus, it's evident that optimal brain function is closely tied to efficient oxygenation. As diaphragmatic breathing improves oxygen supply, it directly benefits cognitive processes, resulting in enhanced focus, sharper memory recall, quicker problem-solving skills, and a heightened ability to concentrate. Furthermore, this enriched oxygen supply also serves as a protective factor, potentially warding off cognitive decline as we age.

Stronger Immune Response

A well-oxygenated body provides an ideal environment for the immune system to thrive. Improved oxygenation aids in the efficient production and function of white blood cells, our body's primary defense mechanism against infections and foreign invaders. Additionally, a regular deep-breathing practice can also stimulate the lymphatic system, responsible for detoxifying the body and purging out waste products. This combination of enhanced defense and detoxification equips the body to better resist diseases and ensures a quicker recovery when we do fall ill.

Better Posture

At a glance, it might seem odd to associate breathing with posture. Yet, the two are intricately linked. Diaphragmatic breathing demands that the spine remains in a neutral, erect position to facilitate unrestricted movement of the diaphragm. Over time, as we practice this form of breathing, the body begins to naturally adopt a straighter stance. This habitual erect posture counters the all-too-common slouch that stems from prolonged sitting and screen time.

This posture refinement isn't merely cosmetic. A straight spine ensures that intervertebral discs, the cushioning pads between spinal bones, experience minimal undue pressure. It also optimizes nerve function, as the spinal cord remains unhindered. Furthermore, an erect posture promotes efficient organ function as it prevents the crowding of abdominal organs, allowing them to operate without constraints.

Mastering the Art of Diaphragmatic Breathing

In an era where quick fixes and instant gratifications dominate our landscape, diaphragmatic breathing is an age-old practice that promises. It's not a fancy meditation technique or an intricate yoga posture. It's simply about harnessing the power of our breath, a natural function we’ve been performing since birth but often overlooked.Here’s how we can make the most of this technique:

  • Finding comfort: Begin by finding a peaceful spot. Whether it’s a cozy corner in your living room or a quiet nook in the park, what matters is comfort. You can choose to sit or lie down, based on your preference. Ensure your back is straight and your limbs are relaxed.
  • Hand placement: This step is crucial for awareness. By placing one hand on the chest and the other on the abdomen, you can physically feel the breath's journey. This tactile feedback provides real-time insight into the depth and pace of your breaths.
  • The inhale: With closed eyes, breathe in gently through the nose. Let this inhalation be slow and controlled. As you breathe in, focus on allowing the abdomen to rise. This movement indicates that the diaphragm is engaged and pulling air into the lungs.
  • The exhale: Once the lungs are filled, transition to the exhale. You can choose to breathe out through the mouth or nose, based on what feels natural. Allow the abdomen to fall, signaling the release of air from the lungs.
  • Building rhythm: The key to diaphragmatic breathing is consistency. Gradually synchronize your inhalations and exhalations to create a rhythmic pattern. Over time, this pattern becomes second nature, but in the early stages, it's essential to remain attentive to the abdominal movements.

How To Integrate Diaphragmatic Breathing Into Daily Life

We don’t need to be in a quiet yoga studio in order to experience the benefits of diaphragmatic breathing. It’s a technique that serves us well in any circumstance. Here are a few ways to take advantage of it in daily life:

  1. On the elevator: Gone are the days of absentminded phone scrolling. Elevator rides, brief as they may be, offer the perfect window for a couple of focused breaths. By the time you reach your floor, you’ll be noticeably more centered.
  2. Commercial break calm: Television commercials can be a source of both entertainment and irritation. Instead of channel hopping, consider these breaks as opportunities for mini relaxation sessions.
  3. Mid-report respite: Work-related stress is all too common. Amidst dense reports and endless paperwork, deliberately scheduling three diaphragmatic breathing breaks can rejuvenate the mind, boosting both productivity and mood.
  4. Traffic tranquility: Traffic jams can fray the calmest of nerves. Instead of succumbing to frustration, pivot your focus to breathing. Deep inhalations and exhalations can transform road rage into road relaxation. Of course, safety first: always ensure your primary attention remains on driving.
  5. Queue quietude: Long lines, whether at the bank or the coffee shop, can be monotonous. But with a shift in perspective, this waiting time morphs into a precious pause: perfect for some diaphragmatic breathing.
  6. Post-email peace: Emails, especially stressful ones, can elicit strong reactions. Instead of hastily moving to the next task, take a post-email breather. A few deep breaths can help reset the emotional barometer, readying you for what lies ahead.
  7. Before bed bliss: Sleep is sacred, and how we transition into it matters. Establish a nightly diaphragmatic breathing routine. Investing just five minutes before turning off the lights can be the bridge to a deep, restful slumber.

The Journey Ahead

Reducing our alcohol intake, especially alcohol consumption has been a long-standing coping mechanism, is incredibly challenging. The road will be riddled with temptations, setbacks, and moments of self-doubt. Yet, amidst this journey, tools like diaphragmatic breathing emerge as powerful allies. They remind us of the innate strengths we possess, strengths that lie just a breath away.

As more people embrace this technique, they don't merely swap a bottle for a breath; they exchange a fleeting escape for lasting peace. And in this trade, the real victor is holistic health, mindfulness, and the promise of a life lived fully, one breath at a time.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-31 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Yoga Nidra for Sleep: A Powerful Relaxation Tool
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Yoga Nidra for sleep offers a science-backed pathway to better rest and emotional well-being. Learn actionable steps to integrate this ancient practice into your modern life.

18 min read

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It's a typical Friday evening. Colleagues log off Zoom, wave virtual goodbyes, and the laptop screen goes dim. Some might reach for a chilled glass of chardonnay or an ice-cold beer as a way to “unwind." But often, the pleasure from that glass of alcohol is fleeting. The wine doesn't take away work stress, the beer doesn't lull you to a peaceful sleep, and the cycle continues. Now, imagine flipping the script and opting for a different solution: yoga nidra.

What Is Yoga Nidra?

Yoga Nidra has its roots in the time-honored traditions of Eastern spirituality. Originating from ancient texts and teachings, this practice was initially developed to facilitate deeper states of meditation. Over time, however, it has been adapted for more practical, day-to-day applications such as stress reduction and better quality sleep.

To understand yoga nidra, it's crucial to break down what a typical session looks like. After finding a comfortable space — usually at home — the practitioner lies down on a yoga mat, bed, or couch. There are no complicated yoga poses to master; all that's needed is an ability to lie down and listen. A guided voice — either from an in-person instructor or a recording — begins to walk the person through a series of relaxation and visualization exercises.

These exercises often start by focusing on the breath, followed by a body scan where attention is paid to different parts of the body. The purpose is to create a state of deep relaxation while remaining fully conscious. As paradoxical as that may sound, it's a unique mental state that is neither fully aware of day-to-day life nor fully unaware. It’s a state where the mind can let go of its habitual patterns and stressors, offering a unique opportunity for deep rest and rejuvenation.

Yoga Nidra for Sleep: The Science-Backed Benefits

In an era where wellness trends come and go with alarming speed, yoga nidra stands apart. It's not a trend but a time-tested methodology that has been practiced and refined over millennia.

The question on many minds might be: why forgo that glass of liquid comfort for something like yoga nidra? Especially when sinking into a cushioned sofa with a wine glass in hand after a long day has its own, time-tested appeal. Well, it turns out that yoga nidra offers a slew of advantages that stretch far beyond the brief respite alcohol can provide.

Enhanced Relaxation and Stress Relief

While stress is an inescapable part of life, how we cope with it can make a significant difference in overall health and well-being. Yoga nidra’s power lies in its capacity to build resilience against stress. By training our mind to enter a deeply relaxed state on demand, we can better handle stressful situations.

One of the most immediately noticeable benefits of yoga nidra is its capacity to engender a profound sense of relaxation. According to a review of complementary health practices by the National Institutes of Health, multiple studies indicate that meditation techniques, like yoga nidra, promote relaxation by affecting the stress response system. This relaxation goes deep, helping to rejuvenate the mind and body at a cellular level. It’s almost as if we could push a “reset” button on our nervous system.

While the immediate sensation is one of incredible relaxation, the benefits of yoga nidra extend far beyond that. Multiple studies have pointed to its effectiveness in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and PTSD. In fact, it has also been employed in various clinical settings to facilitate emotional healing.

Moreover, yoga nidra has been shown to activate the parasympathetic nervous system, often referred to as the "rest and digest" system. This counters the fight-or-flight response that is often overactivated in today’s high-stress environments. By doing so, the practice helps to reduce levels of stress hormones like cortisol, contributing to better mental and physical well-being.

Improved Sleep

This practice has been linked to significant improvements in sleep quality and duration. Because Yoga Nidra can stimulate brainwave patterns associated with deep sleep, it offers a unique pathway to combat insomnia and other sleep-related disorders. In a controlled study on individuals with insomnia, yoga nidra was found to improve the time it took to fall asleep, as well as the overall quality of sleep.

The scientific community has taken a keen interest in yoga nidra, especially regarding its impact on brain function. The practice has been found to stimulate alpha and theta brainwaves, which are associated with relaxed alertness and deep meditation. These brainwave patterns are also seen during the phases of restorative sleep, which could explain why many find improved sleep quality following regular yoga nidra practice.

Greater Mental Clarity and Focus

In today's distraction-heavy world, being able to focus and maintain clarity of thought is invaluable. While it might seem counterintuitive to lie down and do “nothing” to achieve this, the deep restfulness obtained through yoga nidra helps clear mental fog and improve concentration. A study published in 2002 indicated that yoga nidra could enhance memory and learning processes, thereby contributing to greater mental clarity.

Effective Pain Relief

The health community has long been on the hunt for effective, non-pharmacological ways to deal with chronic pain. Yoga nidra appears to offer a promising avenue. Research indicates that the practice can significantly reduce perception of pain. While it may not replace medical treatments, it does provide a complementary approach that has zero side effects, unlike many pain medications.

Why Yoga Nidra for Sleep Is a Better Solution Than Alcohol

While a glass of alcohol might seem like the ticket to a peaceful sleep, science suggests otherwise. Several studies have found that alcohol consumption before bedtime significantly reduces the percentage of restorative REM sleep — crucial for memory consolidation, emotion regulation, and healthy brain development. If someone does manage to fall asleep quickly after a few drinks, the quality of that sleep will likely be compromised, leading to grogginess and irritability the next day.

Unlike alcohol, which disrupts the sleep cycle and impairs the REM stage, yoga nidra enhances restorative sleep. The relaxation techniques employed in the practice encourage the release of melatonin, the body's natural sleep hormone, creating a conducive environment for a night of restful, rejuvenating sleep.

Furthermore, for those of us looking to significantly cut back on alcohol or even quit altogether, the road can be rough. The process often brings with it a host of withdrawal symptoms, including increased anxiety and difficulty in falling asleep. Yoga nidra offers a natural, side-effect-free approach to mitigating some of these symptoms. Mindfulness interventions, such as yoga nidra, have been shown to effectively reduce cravings for alcohol.

How Does Yoga Nidra Help Us Cope With Alcohol Cravings?

One of the underrated aspects of Yoga nidra is its potential to foster greater self-awareness. When cravings hit, they can often feel all-encompassing, leading to impulsive decisions. However, the mindfulness aspect of yoga nidra provides the mental space to recognize these cravings for what they are: temporary urges. By disassociating from the immediacy of the craving, it becomes easier to let it pass without acting upon it.

Additionally, cravings can also arise in moments of stress, which we often want to get rid of immediately. This can lead many of us to turn to alcohol for relief habitually. The problem with using alcohol as a relaxation tool, however, is its transient nature. While the buzz from a glass of wine may last a couple of hours at most, the long-term consequences can stretch much further. Yoga nidra offers a more lasting solution, providing tools to achieve relaxation and peace without the lingering aftermath of regret, compromised sleep, or potential health risks.

How To Practice Yoga Nidra for Sleep

The prospect of stepping into a new wellness routine can be daunting. Will it be hard? Does it require special equipment? Will it even work? When it comes to yoga nidra, the answer is much simpler than we might think. No need for handstands or chants; it’s all about relaxation. What's even better, it doesn’t require a lot of bells and whistles: just a little preparation, a dash of commitment, and voila! You’re on the road to restful nights and stress-free days.

Here are some tips on how to get started on yoga nidra practice.

Set a Dedicated Space: Your Personal Sanctuary

Creating a conducive environment for relaxation is the first critical step in yoga nidra. Identify a quiet corner of your home where interruptions are minimal. A yoga mat adds a touch of comfort. For an extra level of coziness, throw in a head pillow and a blanket. The goal is to create a sanctuary where you can escape, even if it's just for 20 to 45 minutes.

Time It Right: Consistency Is Key

It’s one thing to do yoga nidra once, but the real benefits accumulate over time with regular practice. Whether it's directly after a long day at work or just before you hit the sack, identify a timeslot you can consistently commit to. Consistency not only enhances the benefits but also conditions the mind and body to enter a state of relaxation more easily over time.

Plug and Play: Navigating the Digital Sphere

The internet has made yoga nidra incredibly accessible. Numerous apps and online platforms offer guided sessions, often led by certified instructors. It’s as easy as hitting play. However, not all guides are created equal, so it may take a few tries to find a voice or a style that resonates with you. A little trial and error is part of the journey.

Ditch the Booze: The Science-Backed Swap

Rather than reaching for that evening glass of wine, consider swapping it out for a yoga nidra session. To assess the impact, keep a log for a week detailing your sleep quality and mood the following day. You might just find that your body and mind thank you for making the switch.

Incorporate Aromatherapy: Scents and Sensibility

When it comes to inducing relaxation, our olfactory sense is a powerful ally. Prior to your yoga nidra session, consider diffusing essential oils like lavender or chamomile. Research has shown that these oils have a calming effect on the nervous system, making them an excellent companion to your practice.

Get the Family Onboard: A Collective Chill Zone

Who said that relaxation has to be a solo venture? If other family members are also battling stress or poor sleep, introduce them to yoga nidra. You can even make it a group activity, adding another layer of familial bonding to the mix. It's like a slumber party, but one where everyone wakes up feeling genuinely refreshed.

Measure the Metrics: From Subjective to Objective

Quantifying your progress can be motivating. Use a sleep tracker to monitor how well you're sleeping after incorporating yoga nidra into your routine. Track metrics like sleep duration and quality. Additionally, journaling about your emotional state can provide qualitative insights into the changes you’re experiencing.

Yoga Nidra for Sleep: Your Path to a Better You

Yoga nidra isn’t a magical cure-all, but it does offer an accessible, scientifically-backed pathway to increased well-being. With a bit of preparation and commitment, this ancient practice can become a modern-day elixir for better sleep and reduced stress. Think of it as taking a staycation whenever you need it, no travel required.So why not trade that drink for something that offers a deeper sense of peace and a better night's sleep?

It's a typical Friday evening. Colleagues log off Zoom, wave virtual goodbyes, and the laptop screen goes dim. Some might reach for a chilled glass of chardonnay or an ice-cold beer as a way to “unwind." But often, the pleasure from that glass of alcohol is fleeting. The wine doesn't take away work stress, the beer doesn't lull you to a peaceful sleep, and the cycle continues. Now, imagine flipping the script and opting for a different solution: yoga nidra.

What Is Yoga Nidra?

Yoga Nidra has its roots in the time-honored traditions of Eastern spirituality. Originating from ancient texts and teachings, this practice was initially developed to facilitate deeper states of meditation. Over time, however, it has been adapted for more practical, day-to-day applications such as stress reduction and better quality sleep.

To understand yoga nidra, it's crucial to break down what a typical session looks like. After finding a comfortable space — usually at home — the practitioner lies down on a yoga mat, bed, or couch. There are no complicated yoga poses to master; all that's needed is an ability to lie down and listen. A guided voice — either from an in-person instructor or a recording — begins to walk the person through a series of relaxation and visualization exercises.

These exercises often start by focusing on the breath, followed by a body scan where attention is paid to different parts of the body. The purpose is to create a state of deep relaxation while remaining fully conscious. As paradoxical as that may sound, it's a unique mental state that is neither fully aware of day-to-day life nor fully unaware. It’s a state where the mind can let go of its habitual patterns and stressors, offering a unique opportunity for deep rest and rejuvenation.

Yoga Nidra for Sleep: The Science-Backed Benefits

In an era where wellness trends come and go with alarming speed, yoga nidra stands apart. It's not a trend but a time-tested methodology that has been practiced and refined over millennia.

The question on many minds might be: why forgo that glass of liquid comfort for something like yoga nidra? Especially when sinking into a cushioned sofa with a wine glass in hand after a long day has its own, time-tested appeal. Well, it turns out that yoga nidra offers a slew of advantages that stretch far beyond the brief respite alcohol can provide.

Enhanced Relaxation and Stress Relief

While stress is an inescapable part of life, how we cope with it can make a significant difference in overall health and well-being. Yoga nidra’s power lies in its capacity to build resilience against stress. By training our mind to enter a deeply relaxed state on demand, we can better handle stressful situations.

One of the most immediately noticeable benefits of yoga nidra is its capacity to engender a profound sense of relaxation. According to a review of complementary health practices by the National Institutes of Health, multiple studies indicate that meditation techniques, like yoga nidra, promote relaxation by affecting the stress response system. This relaxation goes deep, helping to rejuvenate the mind and body at a cellular level. It’s almost as if we could push a “reset” button on our nervous system.

While the immediate sensation is one of incredible relaxation, the benefits of yoga nidra extend far beyond that. Multiple studies have pointed to its effectiveness in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and PTSD. In fact, it has also been employed in various clinical settings to facilitate emotional healing.

Moreover, yoga nidra has been shown to activate the parasympathetic nervous system, often referred to as the "rest and digest" system. This counters the fight-or-flight response that is often overactivated in today’s high-stress environments. By doing so, the practice helps to reduce levels of stress hormones like cortisol, contributing to better mental and physical well-being.

Improved Sleep

This practice has been linked to significant improvements in sleep quality and duration. Because Yoga Nidra can stimulate brainwave patterns associated with deep sleep, it offers a unique pathway to combat insomnia and other sleep-related disorders. In a controlled study on individuals with insomnia, yoga nidra was found to improve the time it took to fall asleep, as well as the overall quality of sleep.

The scientific community has taken a keen interest in yoga nidra, especially regarding its impact on brain function. The practice has been found to stimulate alpha and theta brainwaves, which are associated with relaxed alertness and deep meditation. These brainwave patterns are also seen during the phases of restorative sleep, which could explain why many find improved sleep quality following regular yoga nidra practice.

Greater Mental Clarity and Focus

In today's distraction-heavy world, being able to focus and maintain clarity of thought is invaluable. While it might seem counterintuitive to lie down and do “nothing” to achieve this, the deep restfulness obtained through yoga nidra helps clear mental fog and improve concentration. A study published in 2002 indicated that yoga nidra could enhance memory and learning processes, thereby contributing to greater mental clarity.

Effective Pain Relief

The health community has long been on the hunt for effective, non-pharmacological ways to deal with chronic pain. Yoga nidra appears to offer a promising avenue. Research indicates that the practice can significantly reduce perception of pain. While it may not replace medical treatments, it does provide a complementary approach that has zero side effects, unlike many pain medications.

Why Yoga Nidra for Sleep Is a Better Solution Than Alcohol

While a glass of alcohol might seem like the ticket to a peaceful sleep, science suggests otherwise. Several studies have found that alcohol consumption before bedtime significantly reduces the percentage of restorative REM sleep — crucial for memory consolidation, emotion regulation, and healthy brain development. If someone does manage to fall asleep quickly after a few drinks, the quality of that sleep will likely be compromised, leading to grogginess and irritability the next day.

Unlike alcohol, which disrupts the sleep cycle and impairs the REM stage, yoga nidra enhances restorative sleep. The relaxation techniques employed in the practice encourage the release of melatonin, the body's natural sleep hormone, creating a conducive environment for a night of restful, rejuvenating sleep.

Furthermore, for those of us looking to significantly cut back on alcohol or even quit altogether, the road can be rough. The process often brings with it a host of withdrawal symptoms, including increased anxiety and difficulty in falling asleep. Yoga nidra offers a natural, side-effect-free approach to mitigating some of these symptoms. Mindfulness interventions, such as yoga nidra, have been shown to effectively reduce cravings for alcohol.

How Does Yoga Nidra Help Us Cope With Alcohol Cravings?

One of the underrated aspects of Yoga nidra is its potential to foster greater self-awareness. When cravings hit, they can often feel all-encompassing, leading to impulsive decisions. However, the mindfulness aspect of yoga nidra provides the mental space to recognize these cravings for what they are: temporary urges. By disassociating from the immediacy of the craving, it becomes easier to let it pass without acting upon it.

Additionally, cravings can also arise in moments of stress, which we often want to get rid of immediately. This can lead many of us to turn to alcohol for relief habitually. The problem with using alcohol as a relaxation tool, however, is its transient nature. While the buzz from a glass of wine may last a couple of hours at most, the long-term consequences can stretch much further. Yoga nidra offers a more lasting solution, providing tools to achieve relaxation and peace without the lingering aftermath of regret, compromised sleep, or potential health risks.

How To Practice Yoga Nidra for Sleep

The prospect of stepping into a new wellness routine can be daunting. Will it be hard? Does it require special equipment? Will it even work? When it comes to yoga nidra, the answer is much simpler than we might think. No need for handstands or chants; it’s all about relaxation. What's even better, it doesn’t require a lot of bells and whistles: just a little preparation, a dash of commitment, and voila! You’re on the road to restful nights and stress-free days.

Here are some tips on how to get started on yoga nidra practice.

Set a Dedicated Space: Your Personal Sanctuary

Creating a conducive environment for relaxation is the first critical step in yoga nidra. Identify a quiet corner of your home where interruptions are minimal. A yoga mat adds a touch of comfort. For an extra level of coziness, throw in a head pillow and a blanket. The goal is to create a sanctuary where you can escape, even if it's just for 20 to 45 minutes.

Time It Right: Consistency Is Key

It’s one thing to do yoga nidra once, but the real benefits accumulate over time with regular practice. Whether it's directly after a long day at work or just before you hit the sack, identify a timeslot you can consistently commit to. Consistency not only enhances the benefits but also conditions the mind and body to enter a state of relaxation more easily over time.

Plug and Play: Navigating the Digital Sphere

The internet has made yoga nidra incredibly accessible. Numerous apps and online platforms offer guided sessions, often led by certified instructors. It’s as easy as hitting play. However, not all guides are created equal, so it may take a few tries to find a voice or a style that resonates with you. A little trial and error is part of the journey.

Ditch the Booze: The Science-Backed Swap

Rather than reaching for that evening glass of wine, consider swapping it out for a yoga nidra session. To assess the impact, keep a log for a week detailing your sleep quality and mood the following day. You might just find that your body and mind thank you for making the switch.

Incorporate Aromatherapy: Scents and Sensibility

When it comes to inducing relaxation, our olfactory sense is a powerful ally. Prior to your yoga nidra session, consider diffusing essential oils like lavender or chamomile. Research has shown that these oils have a calming effect on the nervous system, making them an excellent companion to your practice.

Get the Family Onboard: A Collective Chill Zone

Who said that relaxation has to be a solo venture? If other family members are also battling stress or poor sleep, introduce them to yoga nidra. You can even make it a group activity, adding another layer of familial bonding to the mix. It's like a slumber party, but one where everyone wakes up feeling genuinely refreshed.

Measure the Metrics: From Subjective to Objective

Quantifying your progress can be motivating. Use a sleep tracker to monitor how well you're sleeping after incorporating yoga nidra into your routine. Track metrics like sleep duration and quality. Additionally, journaling about your emotional state can provide qualitative insights into the changes you’re experiencing.

Yoga Nidra for Sleep: Your Path to a Better You

Yoga nidra isn’t a magical cure-all, but it does offer an accessible, scientifically-backed pathway to increased well-being. With a bit of preparation and commitment, this ancient practice can become a modern-day elixir for better sleep and reduced stress. Think of it as taking a staycation whenever you need it, no travel required.So why not trade that drink for something that offers a deeper sense of peace and a better night's sleep?

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-31 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Trauma and Alcohol Misuse: What's the Connection?
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Gain insight into how trauma affects our physical, mental, and emotional health – and why people who have experienced trauma tend to turn to alcohol for relief.

18 min read

Start Healing Your Trauma With Reframe

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today! 

Read Full Article  →

You constantly feel on edge, in a perpetual state of anxiety and stress. You have trouble sleeping and just can’t seem to relax. The only relief you get comes from alcohol, but even then, it never seems to last: you always return to a high-strung state of hypervigilance. 

Living with trauma can be incredibly debilitating, affecting nearly every part of our lives. In this post, we’ll gain insight into why people who have experienced trauma are more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse. We’ll also look at healthier coping mechanisms and ways to heal from trauma. What is the link between PTSD and alcoholism (as well as complex trauma and alcohol)? Let’s get started.

What Is Trauma?

A lady sitting on a dining table holding her head with a wine bottle and glass in front of her

There are many different definitions for trauma, but at root, trauma is the lasting emotional response resulting from experiencing a distressing event. Trauma can be experienced in a number of different settings: at home, school, or in the wider community. 

There are a number of different types of trauma, which generally fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2 trauma. Type 1 trauma — otherwise referred to as shock or acute trauma — refers to unexpected, single-incident traumas: 

  • Severe illness or injury
  • Violent assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Traumatic loss or grief
  • Mugging or robbery
  • Being a victim of or witness to violence
  • Witnessing a terrorist attack
  • Witnessing a natural disaster
  • Road accident
  • Military combat incident
  • Hospitalization or medical trauma

Complex Trauma and Alcohol

Type 2 trauma — otherwise referred to as complex trauma — describes trauma which may have been experienced as part of childhood or in the early stages of development. It might involve repeated events, like ongoing emotional abuse or childhood neglect:

  • Sibling abuse
  • Childhood emotional abuse
  • Domestic violence or abuse
  • Emotional neglect and attachment trauma
  • Abandonment or physical neglect
  • Verbal abuse
  • Bullying at home, school, or in a work setting
  • Sexual abuse
  • Overly strict upbringing 

Some experts break down traumas into “big T” and “little t” events. “Big T” traumas are usually associated with things like military combat and sexual assault. “Little t” traumas may involve emotional abuse or bullying. However, it’s worth noting that repeated exposure to “little t” traumas may cause as much emotional harm as exposure to “big T” traumas. 

What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Trauma?

Trauma can happen at any age and each person’s experience is unique. But trauma usually has lasting adverse effects on our mental, physical, emotional, and social well-being. These are some of the more common symptoms of trauma:

  • Intrusive thoughts, including flashbacks or nightmares
  • Avoiding people, places, or objects that remind us of the trauma
  • Hypervigilance, or being very aware of any possible danger
  • Being easily startled or “jumpy”
  • Being activated by triggers that remind us of our trauma, whether consciously or subconsciously
  • Changes in how we see ourselves, such as believing we are “bad” or feeling excessive guilt or shame
  • Feeling easily overwhelmed or having difficulty controlling our emotions

Trauma can also become evident physically through chronic pain, sleep problems, chest pain, or headaches. While not everyone who has experienced a traumatic event will have long-lasting effects, around 20% of people will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 

The Relationship Between Trauma and Alcohol Misuse

Research shows that going through a trauma — whether or not we develop PTSD — can lead to alcohol misuse. In fact, up to 75% of people who survive abuse or violent traumatic events report drinking problems. Up to a third of those who survive traumatic accidents, illness, or disaster report misusing alcohol. 

Interestingly, the risk is slightly higher for women: studies show that women with PTSD are 2.5 times more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse than women without PTSD, while men with PTSD are 2 times more likely than men without it. 

Furthermore, in a survey of adolescents receiving treatment for substance use, more than 70% had a history of trauma exposure. And 60-80% of Vietnam veterans seeking PTSD treatment have alcohol use issues, often binge drinking in response to traumatic memories. 

Why Trauma Survivors Turn to Alcohol

What is it about trauma that can cause people to struggle with alcohol misuse? To understand this connection, it’s helpful to first look at how trauma affects the brain. We might not realize it, but undergoing trauma can cause long-term changes in our neurobiology. 

Researchers have found that trauma physically alters the structure and function of our brain. Three different areas of the brain are most affected by trauma: 

  • The amygdala: This is the part of our brain responsible for our fight-or-flight system. When it senses danger, it triggers a natural, protective response. Research shows that people who have experienced trauma have overactive and oversensitive amygdalas. 
  • The hippocampus: This is considered the brain’s learning and memory center. Research shows that the hippocampus is smaller and less active in people who have experienced trauma. This may be why it’s harder for trauma survivors to distinguish between past and present dangers, which ultimately keeps them in a state of hypervigilance.
  • Prefrontal cortex: This is the part of our brain responsible for rational decision making. It helps us calm down when we realize that something we feared isn’t actually a threat. Research shows that the prefrontal cortex in people suffering from trauma is smaller and less active. In other words, people struggling with trauma have an impaired ability to calm their amygdala or override their fight-or-flight response. 

Taken together, these changes in the brain can cause unpleasant symptoms associated with trauma, such as panic, flashbacks, and hypervigilance. Essentially, when we experience trauma, our alarm system becomes overly sensitive and is triggered much more easily. This can leave us in a perpetual state of “alarm,” wreaking havoc on our mental and physical health. 

To alleviate these symptoms, many people who experienced trauma start turning to alcohol or other substances for temporary relief. They might use alcohol to manage or numb their emotions, or avoid or forget traumatic memories. Since alcohol triggers the release of dopamine — the “feel good” chemical — drinking alcohol can help us feel better, but only temporarily. 

Alcohol as a Trauma Coping Mechanism

The Problem With Using Alcohol To Cope With Trauma

Sadly, even though alcohol can provide a sense of relief, it actually worsens and prolongs trauma-related symptoms. In fact, studies show that alcohol can increase anger and irritability, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. This can create a dangerous cycle. 

For instance, many people with trauma have trouble falling and staying asleep due to memories related to trauma or intrusive thoughts. They might turn to alcohol to help them relax and get a good night’s sleep. However, research confirms that alcohol disrupts our sleep and reduces overall quality. Inadequate sleep further contributes to a poor mood and anxiety, which can cause us to turn to alcohol for relief, perpetuating a destructive cycle. 

Furthermore, research shows that if we have both PTSD and alcohol misuse, we’re more likely to have other mental or physical health problems. For instance, up to half of adults with both PTSD and alcohol misuse have one more of the following problems:

  • Panic attacks, extreme fears or worries, and compulsions
  • Mood problems such as depression
  • Attention problems or behaving in ways that harm others
  • Long-term physical illness, such as diabetes, heart disease, or liver disease
  • Ongoing physical pain

The bottom line? While alcohol can briefly dull the effects of trauma or manage associated distress, it doesn’t treat the underlying cause and ends up exacerbating symptoms over time. 

Healing From Trauma 

Healing and recovering from trauma is not easy, but it is possible. It usually involves participating in trauma-focused psychotherapy. These are a few of the most effective types:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This type of therapy can help us reconceptualize both our understanding of the traumatic experience and our understanding of ourselves. It helps us challenge the unhealthy thought processes and emotions connected to our trauma and reduces the severity of our response to triggers. 
  • Cognitive processing therapy: This form of CBT helps us restructure negative or maladaptive beliefs we developed due to the traumatic event. It focuses on changing painful trauma-related emotions (such as shame or guilt) and beliefs (such as “I have failed” or “the world is dangerous”). This type of therapy helps people confront distressing memories and think about what happened in a realistic way. 
  • Prolonged exposure therapy: This type of therapy is designed to help us face and gain control of our fear and distress. It gradually and repeatedly exposes us to our trauma in a safe way. It also gives us self-soothing techniques for coping with triggers. 
  • Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): This relatively new treatment method has been found to reduce symptoms of trauma. It involves making side-to-side eye movements, usually by following the movement of a therapist’s finger or a light bar, while recalling a traumatic event. Other methods include our therapist tapping their finger or playing a tone. The goal is to change how our memories are stored in our brain, reducing the amount of stress and anxiety related to the memories.

Depending on the severity of our condition, a medical professional might also prescribe certain medications to help us manage symptoms. The most commonly prescribed medications for trauma are antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including Zoloft, Paxil, and Prozac. Research shows that these medications can help control some of the main symptoms of trauma, such as sadness, anxiety, anger, and sleep problems.

Coping With Trauma 

In addition to psychotherapy, self-care techniques that nourish our mental and physical well-being can be helpful. While we might not experience immediate relief, practicing these regularly will likely lead to improvements:

  • Mindfulness: Research shows that mindfulness provides numerous emotional benefits, such as helping decrease anxiety, depression, rumination, and emotional reactivity. It’s also been shown to reduce activity in the amygdala, that overactive part of the brain in people with trauma. Just five minutes of mindfulness a day can help.
  • Physical activity: Studies show that physical activity can help our brains better cope with stress. Even a 10-minute walk outside can boost our mood and help relieve anxiety and depression. Try to find something you enjoy doing, and then stick with it. There are so many ways to get moving — from running and biking to swimming and rowing. One of them is bound to speak to you. 
  • Journal: Writing down our thoughts and feelings can help us better process them and make sense of our experience. Research shows that journaling offers a number of emotional benefits for people suffering from trauma, such as decreasing flashbacks and intrusive thoughts. It’s even been shown to reduce body tension and restore mental focus. Start with setting aside five minutes a day to write, and then gradually increase over time. 

The Bottom Line

Trauma comes in many different forms. While each person’s experience is unique, it often leaves a lasting impact that wreaks havoc on our physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being. It’s not uncommon for people suffering from trauma to turn to alcohol as a way to cope with the difficult thoughts and emotions related to their experience. While alcohol provides temporary relief, it only exacerbates symptoms in the long run. To truly heal and recover, it’s vital to seek professional treatment in the form of psychotherapy and/or medication. 

If you’ve been using alcohol to cope with trauma, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and become healthier, happier versions of themselves. 

You constantly feel on edge, in a perpetual state of anxiety and stress. You have trouble sleeping and just can’t seem to relax. The only relief you get comes from alcohol, but even then, it never seems to last: you always return to a high-strung state of hypervigilance. 

Living with trauma can be incredibly debilitating, affecting nearly every part of our lives. In this post, we’ll gain insight into why people who have experienced trauma are more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse. We’ll also look at healthier coping mechanisms and ways to heal from trauma. What is the link between PTSD and alcoholism (as well as complex trauma and alcohol)? Let’s get started.

What Is Trauma?

A lady sitting on a dining table holding her head with a wine bottle and glass in front of her

There are many different definitions for trauma, but at root, trauma is the lasting emotional response resulting from experiencing a distressing event. Trauma can be experienced in a number of different settings: at home, school, or in the wider community. 

There are a number of different types of trauma, which generally fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2 trauma. Type 1 trauma — otherwise referred to as shock or acute trauma — refers to unexpected, single-incident traumas: 

  • Severe illness or injury
  • Violent assault
  • Sexual assault
  • Traumatic loss or grief
  • Mugging or robbery
  • Being a victim of or witness to violence
  • Witnessing a terrorist attack
  • Witnessing a natural disaster
  • Road accident
  • Military combat incident
  • Hospitalization or medical trauma

Complex Trauma and Alcohol

Type 2 trauma — otherwise referred to as complex trauma — describes trauma which may have been experienced as part of childhood or in the early stages of development. It might involve repeated events, like ongoing emotional abuse or childhood neglect:

  • Sibling abuse
  • Childhood emotional abuse
  • Domestic violence or abuse
  • Emotional neglect and attachment trauma
  • Abandonment or physical neglect
  • Verbal abuse
  • Bullying at home, school, or in a work setting
  • Sexual abuse
  • Overly strict upbringing 

Some experts break down traumas into “big T” and “little t” events. “Big T” traumas are usually associated with things like military combat and sexual assault. “Little t” traumas may involve emotional abuse or bullying. However, it’s worth noting that repeated exposure to “little t” traumas may cause as much emotional harm as exposure to “big T” traumas. 

What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Trauma?

Trauma can happen at any age and each person’s experience is unique. But trauma usually has lasting adverse effects on our mental, physical, emotional, and social well-being. These are some of the more common symptoms of trauma:

  • Intrusive thoughts, including flashbacks or nightmares
  • Avoiding people, places, or objects that remind us of the trauma
  • Hypervigilance, or being very aware of any possible danger
  • Being easily startled or “jumpy”
  • Being activated by triggers that remind us of our trauma, whether consciously or subconsciously
  • Changes in how we see ourselves, such as believing we are “bad” or feeling excessive guilt or shame
  • Feeling easily overwhelmed or having difficulty controlling our emotions

Trauma can also become evident physically through chronic pain, sleep problems, chest pain, or headaches. While not everyone who has experienced a traumatic event will have long-lasting effects, around 20% of people will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). 

The Relationship Between Trauma and Alcohol Misuse

Research shows that going through a trauma — whether or not we develop PTSD — can lead to alcohol misuse. In fact, up to 75% of people who survive abuse or violent traumatic events report drinking problems. Up to a third of those who survive traumatic accidents, illness, or disaster report misusing alcohol. 

Interestingly, the risk is slightly higher for women: studies show that women with PTSD are 2.5 times more likely to struggle with alcohol misuse than women without PTSD, while men with PTSD are 2 times more likely than men without it. 

Furthermore, in a survey of adolescents receiving treatment for substance use, more than 70% had a history of trauma exposure. And 60-80% of Vietnam veterans seeking PTSD treatment have alcohol use issues, often binge drinking in response to traumatic memories. 

Why Trauma Survivors Turn to Alcohol

What is it about trauma that can cause people to struggle with alcohol misuse? To understand this connection, it’s helpful to first look at how trauma affects the brain. We might not realize it, but undergoing trauma can cause long-term changes in our neurobiology. 

Researchers have found that trauma physically alters the structure and function of our brain. Three different areas of the brain are most affected by trauma: 

  • The amygdala: This is the part of our brain responsible for our fight-or-flight system. When it senses danger, it triggers a natural, protective response. Research shows that people who have experienced trauma have overactive and oversensitive amygdalas. 
  • The hippocampus: This is considered the brain’s learning and memory center. Research shows that the hippocampus is smaller and less active in people who have experienced trauma. This may be why it’s harder for trauma survivors to distinguish between past and present dangers, which ultimately keeps them in a state of hypervigilance.
  • Prefrontal cortex: This is the part of our brain responsible for rational decision making. It helps us calm down when we realize that something we feared isn’t actually a threat. Research shows that the prefrontal cortex in people suffering from trauma is smaller and less active. In other words, people struggling with trauma have an impaired ability to calm their amygdala or override their fight-or-flight response. 

Taken together, these changes in the brain can cause unpleasant symptoms associated with trauma, such as panic, flashbacks, and hypervigilance. Essentially, when we experience trauma, our alarm system becomes overly sensitive and is triggered much more easily. This can leave us in a perpetual state of “alarm,” wreaking havoc on our mental and physical health. 

To alleviate these symptoms, many people who experienced trauma start turning to alcohol or other substances for temporary relief. They might use alcohol to manage or numb their emotions, or avoid or forget traumatic memories. Since alcohol triggers the release of dopamine — the “feel good” chemical — drinking alcohol can help us feel better, but only temporarily. 

Alcohol as a Trauma Coping Mechanism

The Problem With Using Alcohol To Cope With Trauma

Sadly, even though alcohol can provide a sense of relief, it actually worsens and prolongs trauma-related symptoms. In fact, studies show that alcohol can increase anger and irritability, depression, anxiety, and insomnia. This can create a dangerous cycle. 

For instance, many people with trauma have trouble falling and staying asleep due to memories related to trauma or intrusive thoughts. They might turn to alcohol to help them relax and get a good night’s sleep. However, research confirms that alcohol disrupts our sleep and reduces overall quality. Inadequate sleep further contributes to a poor mood and anxiety, which can cause us to turn to alcohol for relief, perpetuating a destructive cycle. 

Furthermore, research shows that if we have both PTSD and alcohol misuse, we’re more likely to have other mental or physical health problems. For instance, up to half of adults with both PTSD and alcohol misuse have one more of the following problems:

  • Panic attacks, extreme fears or worries, and compulsions
  • Mood problems such as depression
  • Attention problems or behaving in ways that harm others
  • Long-term physical illness, such as diabetes, heart disease, or liver disease
  • Ongoing physical pain

The bottom line? While alcohol can briefly dull the effects of trauma or manage associated distress, it doesn’t treat the underlying cause and ends up exacerbating symptoms over time. 

Healing From Trauma 

Healing and recovering from trauma is not easy, but it is possible. It usually involves participating in trauma-focused psychotherapy. These are a few of the most effective types:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This type of therapy can help us reconceptualize both our understanding of the traumatic experience and our understanding of ourselves. It helps us challenge the unhealthy thought processes and emotions connected to our trauma and reduces the severity of our response to triggers. 
  • Cognitive processing therapy: This form of CBT helps us restructure negative or maladaptive beliefs we developed due to the traumatic event. It focuses on changing painful trauma-related emotions (such as shame or guilt) and beliefs (such as “I have failed” or “the world is dangerous”). This type of therapy helps people confront distressing memories and think about what happened in a realistic way. 
  • Prolonged exposure therapy: This type of therapy is designed to help us face and gain control of our fear and distress. It gradually and repeatedly exposes us to our trauma in a safe way. It also gives us self-soothing techniques for coping with triggers. 
  • Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR): This relatively new treatment method has been found to reduce symptoms of trauma. It involves making side-to-side eye movements, usually by following the movement of a therapist’s finger or a light bar, while recalling a traumatic event. Other methods include our therapist tapping their finger or playing a tone. The goal is to change how our memories are stored in our brain, reducing the amount of stress and anxiety related to the memories.

Depending on the severity of our condition, a medical professional might also prescribe certain medications to help us manage symptoms. The most commonly prescribed medications for trauma are antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), including Zoloft, Paxil, and Prozac. Research shows that these medications can help control some of the main symptoms of trauma, such as sadness, anxiety, anger, and sleep problems.

Coping With Trauma 

In addition to psychotherapy, self-care techniques that nourish our mental and physical well-being can be helpful. While we might not experience immediate relief, practicing these regularly will likely lead to improvements:

  • Mindfulness: Research shows that mindfulness provides numerous emotional benefits, such as helping decrease anxiety, depression, rumination, and emotional reactivity. It’s also been shown to reduce activity in the amygdala, that overactive part of the brain in people with trauma. Just five minutes of mindfulness a day can help.
  • Physical activity: Studies show that physical activity can help our brains better cope with stress. Even a 10-minute walk outside can boost our mood and help relieve anxiety and depression. Try to find something you enjoy doing, and then stick with it. There are so many ways to get moving — from running and biking to swimming and rowing. One of them is bound to speak to you. 
  • Journal: Writing down our thoughts and feelings can help us better process them and make sense of our experience. Research shows that journaling offers a number of emotional benefits for people suffering from trauma, such as decreasing flashbacks and intrusive thoughts. It’s even been shown to reduce body tension and restore mental focus. Start with setting aside five minutes a day to write, and then gradually increase over time. 

The Bottom Line

Trauma comes in many different forms. While each person’s experience is unique, it often leaves a lasting impact that wreaks havoc on our physical, mental, emotional, and social well-being. It’s not uncommon for people suffering from trauma to turn to alcohol as a way to cope with the difficult thoughts and emotions related to their experience. While alcohol provides temporary relief, it only exacerbates symptoms in the long run. To truly heal and recover, it’s vital to seek professional treatment in the form of psychotherapy and/or medication. 

If you’ve been using alcohol to cope with trauma, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and become healthier, happier versions of themselves. 

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-30 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Multiple Sclerosis and Alcohol: Everything You Should Know
This is some text inside of a div block.

Does alcohol cause MS? And if we have MS, is it ok to drink alcohol? Find out in our latest blog.

17 min read

Get Strong and Healthy With Reframe

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

You’re out to dinner on a Friday night with friends, laughter and enjoying some light conversation after a long work week. The waitress comes around to take your order and you’re about to ask for your usual — a glass of red wine — but you catch yourself: you’ve just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Is it okay to consume alcohol, or will it make your symptoms worse? 

In this post, we’ll explore what multiple sclerosis (MS) is, how alcohol impacts people living with the condition, and offer tips on how to manage it. Let’s get started!

What Is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? 

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that disrupts communication within the brain and spinal cord. It’s believed to be an autoimmune disorder — a condition in which the body attacks itself by mistake. But environmental factors, infectious agents such as viruses, and genetics can also play a role in the development of MS. 

In MS, myelin — the fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibers — is destroyed in many areas of the brain and spinal cord. The loss of myelin forms scar tissue called “sclerosis.” When the nerves are damaged in this way, they can’t conduct electrical impulses to and from the brain. This interruption of communication signals causes unpredictable symptoms such as numbness, tingling, mood changes, memory problems, pain, and fatigue. 

Signs and symptoms of MS vary widely between patients and depend on the location and severity of nerve fiber damage in the central nervous system. Some may have only mild, short-term symptoms, while others experience paralysis and lose their ability to see clearly, write, speak, or walk. 

How Does Alcohol Affect Multiple Sclerosis? 

When it comes to the relationship between multiple sclerosis and alcohol, there’s a bit of conflicting evidence. Some studies show that alcohol can temporarily worsen symptoms of the condition, while others suggest it can calm an overactive immune system.

Because MS is a chronic inflammatory condition, scientists believe that it’s caused by an overactive immune system. Because of this, MS therapies often aim to suppress the immune response. Some studies discovered regular alcohol intake suppressed one aspect of immunity. However, there’s a lack of conclusive evidence, so scientists agree that more research needs to be done to determine whether alcohol can benefit people with MS.

What we know for sure, though, is that there are some potential negative consequences of drinking alcohol with MS. Here are some of them: 

  • Worsened MS symptoms. People with MS often struggle with coordination, balance, and slurred speech. Even just one alcoholic beverage can cause us to become a bit more wobbly and slow our reaction time. So if we drink alcohol with MS, these symptoms may become more severe and disabling. Similarly, as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol slows the reactions in our brain and spinal cord. This can lead to slow thinking, slow responses, and greater physical weakness in people with MS.

    Additionally, some people with MS report an overactive bladder and a greater need to urinate. Adding alcohol to the mix may only make things worse, since it’s a diuretic that causes us to urinate more frequently. Furthermore, long-term consumption of alcohol can impair the immune system and increase the inflammatory response characteristic of MS. 
  • Altered mood. Mood disorders like anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation are common in people with MS — and often more severe compared to those without the condition. Alcohol on its own can have an emotional depressive effect. Even though it provides a temporary mood boost through the release of dopamine (that “feel good” chemical), it disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters and can leave us feeling more depressed in the long run.

    One study found that MS patients with histories of problematic drinking showed an increased risk of having anxiety throughout their lifetime. Researchers also noted a link between suicidal thoughts and excess drinking in people with MS. 
  • Harmful interactions with medications. Common medications for treating certain symptoms of MS include muscle relaxants, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory agents, such as NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), non-narcotic pain drugs, and opioids. Combining these with alcohol can be harmful. For instance, alcohol’s sedative effect can increase the impact of muscle relaxants and opioids. It can also increase the risk of stomach and intestinal bleeding resulting from NSAID use. Similarly, consuming alcohol while taking antidepressants may increase feelings of depression and hopelessness.

    It’s also worth noting that consuming alcohol can have a negative effect on important vitamins and minerals. For instance, it can lower levels of zinc — a trace element required for normal cell growth and repair.

Is Red Wine Bad for MS?

Okay, so what about a glass of red wine? We often hear that an occasional glass of red wine might be good for us due to its antioxidant properties. Is this true for people with MS?

Interestingly, a 2017 study found that people who consumed three glasses of red wine per week appeared to have lower levels of neurologic disability than those who consumed no alcohol. However, MRI scans also showed that those who drank red wine also had a higher volume of high-intensity lesions than those who didn’t drink red wine. 

The bottom line? More research is needed, but we’re confident that abstaining from wine is better for our overall health than indulging in it. In fact, alcohol can increase our risk of other health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and certain cancers, all which could make MS worse. 

Does Drinking Alcohol Cause MS? 

Here again, there’s a bit of conflicting evidence whether alcohol consumption is an environmental risk factor for MS. One study from 2006 showed that people who drank hard liquor daily had a 6.7-fold increased risk of MS. However, a larger 2014 study showed that people who reported moderate alcohol consumption had half the odds of developing MS compared to those who did not drink alcohol. 

More recently, two studies found no significant association between drinking alcohol and developing MS. As such, there’s not enough conclusive evidence to say whether alcohol leads to an increased risk of developing the condition.

What Are Healthier Drink Alternatives for MS?

So, alcohol might not be the best drink of choice for people with MS. But some non-alcoholic drinks are beneficial:

  • Water. Perhaps not surprisingly, water is the most important beverage for people with MS (and for everyone else!). Staying hydrated is vital for many bodily functions and offers various benefits for people with MS, such as reducing bladder and bowel symptoms, decreasing the side effects of medications, lowering injection site reactions, and preventing the effects of dehydration on MS, such as fatigue and mental decline.
  • Coffee. Coffee also seems to be beneficial for people with MS. Research has found that a higher intake of coffee and caffeine may have a protective effect against MS. Coffee has properties that fight inflammation and stimulate the nervous system, which can be helpful for people with MS. Of course, too much coffee can be dehydrating, so it’s important to consume water alongside it. 
  • Green tea. According to research, green tea and one of its active ingredients — epigallocatechin 3-gallate EGCG — can help modulate immune cell function. This may improve the symptoms of some autoimmune diseases, such as MS.

What Is the Treatment for MS? 

Unfortunately, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis. Treatment usually involves controlling the condition and easing symptoms, but it depends on the stage of the disease and the person’s specific symptoms. 

For instance, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are medicines that can help people with MS have fewer and less severe relapses. They’re taken as a pill, an injection, or an infusion. 

Much of the immune response associated with MS occurs in the early stages of the disease. So aggressive treatment with these medications as early as possible can lower the relapse rate and slow the formation of new lesions. 

However, DMTs aren’t suitable for everyone with MS. They’re only prescribed to people with relapsing-remitting MS or some people with primary or secondary progressive MS who have relapses. 

Healthcare providers often work with neurologists, physiotherapists, speech or language therapists, and a number of other professionals to determine a personalized treatment plan.

Tips for Managing MS 

Taking good care of our body — in addition to following a professionally-developed MS treatment plan — can help manage MS symptoms. Here are some tips:

  • Eat nutritious food. There’s no special MS diet, but a healthy eating plan can give you more energy and help stave off chronic conditions such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Experts recommend plenty of fruits and vegetables, lean protein, and omega-3 fatty acids. It’s also to consume enough fiber to help prevent constipation, which is a common problem for people with MS. Many fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, and lentils are good sources of fiber. 
  • Keep your body moving. Exercise is important for people with MS for both fitness and function. Regular exercise promotes flexibility, can improve balance, and can also help with other MS symptoms, such as constipation, fatigue, and cognitive issues. Many people with MS benefit from working with a physical therapist to help identify exercises to strengthen body areas that are particularly weak. 
  • Exercise your brain. It’s important to exercise your brain. Because of the condition, MS patients often have to use more of their brain to do a specific task than other individuals. Doing crosswords, playing word games, taking classes, reading, or engaging in other mentally challenging activities can help keep your brain sharp and engaged.
  • Practice stress management techniques. Many people with MS experience heightened levels of stress because of difficulties living with the condition. Meditation, mindfulness, deep breathing exercises, and other stress-reduction practices have been shown to improve quality of life and possibly slow disease progression. Spending time with loved ones and friends or finding a club to join can also be helpful ways to cope with stress.
  • Protect your mental health. As we’ve learned, many people with MS can struggle with depression. It’s important to prioritize your mental health and seek treatment if necessary. Both psychotherapy and antidepressant medication have been found effective for depression in people with MS. We also might consider joining an MS support group, which can help us feel less alone. 

The Bottom Line

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that can cause a variety of symptoms, such as muscle weakness, fatigue, poor coordination, numbness and tingling. While no studies link alcohol consumption to an increased risk of developing MS, alcohol can worsen common MS symptoms like imbalance and lack of coordination. Healthier drinking alternatives include water, coffee, and green tea. In addition to receiving professional medical treatment, people with MS can benefit from eating a healthy diet, exercising their body and brain, and practicing stress management techniques. 

If you’re struggling to control your alcohol intake, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and become healthier, stronger, and happier in the process. 

You’re out to dinner on a Friday night with friends, laughter and enjoying some light conversation after a long work week. The waitress comes around to take your order and you’re about to ask for your usual — a glass of red wine — but you catch yourself: you’ve just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Is it okay to consume alcohol, or will it make your symptoms worse? 

In this post, we’ll explore what multiple sclerosis (MS) is, how alcohol impacts people living with the condition, and offer tips on how to manage it. Let’s get started!

What Is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)? 

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that disrupts communication within the brain and spinal cord. It’s believed to be an autoimmune disorder — a condition in which the body attacks itself by mistake. But environmental factors, infectious agents such as viruses, and genetics can also play a role in the development of MS. 

In MS, myelin — the fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibers — is destroyed in many areas of the brain and spinal cord. The loss of myelin forms scar tissue called “sclerosis.” When the nerves are damaged in this way, they can’t conduct electrical impulses to and from the brain. This interruption of communication signals causes unpredictable symptoms such as numbness, tingling, mood changes, memory problems, pain, and fatigue. 

Signs and symptoms of MS vary widely between patients and depend on the location and severity of nerve fiber damage in the central nervous system. Some may have only mild, short-term symptoms, while others experience paralysis and lose their ability to see clearly, write, speak, or walk. 

How Does Alcohol Affect Multiple Sclerosis? 

When it comes to the relationship between multiple sclerosis and alcohol, there’s a bit of conflicting evidence. Some studies show that alcohol can temporarily worsen symptoms of the condition, while others suggest it can calm an overactive immune system.

Because MS is a chronic inflammatory condition, scientists believe that it’s caused by an overactive immune system. Because of this, MS therapies often aim to suppress the immune response. Some studies discovered regular alcohol intake suppressed one aspect of immunity. However, there’s a lack of conclusive evidence, so scientists agree that more research needs to be done to determine whether alcohol can benefit people with MS.

What we know for sure, though, is that there are some potential negative consequences of drinking alcohol with MS. Here are some of them: 

  • Worsened MS symptoms. People with MS often struggle with coordination, balance, and slurred speech. Even just one alcoholic beverage can cause us to become a bit more wobbly and slow our reaction time. So if we drink alcohol with MS, these symptoms may become more severe and disabling. Similarly, as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol slows the reactions in our brain and spinal cord. This can lead to slow thinking, slow responses, and greater physical weakness in people with MS.

    Additionally, some people with MS report an overactive bladder and a greater need to urinate. Adding alcohol to the mix may only make things worse, since it’s a diuretic that causes us to urinate more frequently. Furthermore, long-term consumption of alcohol can impair the immune system and increase the inflammatory response characteristic of MS. 
  • Altered mood. Mood disorders like anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation are common in people with MS — and often more severe compared to those without the condition. Alcohol on its own can have an emotional depressive effect. Even though it provides a temporary mood boost through the release of dopamine (that “feel good” chemical), it disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters and can leave us feeling more depressed in the long run.

    One study found that MS patients with histories of problematic drinking showed an increased risk of having anxiety throughout their lifetime. Researchers also noted a link between suicidal thoughts and excess drinking in people with MS. 
  • Harmful interactions with medications. Common medications for treating certain symptoms of MS include muscle relaxants, antidepressants, anti-inflammatory agents, such as NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug), non-narcotic pain drugs, and opioids. Combining these with alcohol can be harmful. For instance, alcohol’s sedative effect can increase the impact of muscle relaxants and opioids. It can also increase the risk of stomach and intestinal bleeding resulting from NSAID use. Similarly, consuming alcohol while taking antidepressants may increase feelings of depression and hopelessness.

    It’s also worth noting that consuming alcohol can have a negative effect on important vitamins and minerals. For instance, it can lower levels of zinc — a trace element required for normal cell growth and repair.

Is Red Wine Bad for MS?

Okay, so what about a glass of red wine? We often hear that an occasional glass of red wine might be good for us due to its antioxidant properties. Is this true for people with MS?

Interestingly, a 2017 study found that people who consumed three glasses of red wine per week appeared to have lower levels of neurologic disability than those who consumed no alcohol. However, MRI scans also showed that those who drank red wine also had a higher volume of high-intensity lesions than those who didn’t drink red wine. 

The bottom line? More research is needed, but we’re confident that abstaining from wine is better for our overall health than indulging in it. In fact, alcohol can increase our risk of other health conditions such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and certain cancers, all which could make MS worse. 

Does Drinking Alcohol Cause MS? 

Here again, there’s a bit of conflicting evidence whether alcohol consumption is an environmental risk factor for MS. One study from 2006 showed that people who drank hard liquor daily had a 6.7-fold increased risk of MS. However, a larger 2014 study showed that people who reported moderate alcohol consumption had half the odds of developing MS compared to those who did not drink alcohol. 

More recently, two studies found no significant association between drinking alcohol and developing MS. As such, there’s not enough conclusive evidence to say whether alcohol leads to an increased risk of developing the condition.

What Are Healthier Drink Alternatives for MS?

So, alcohol might not be the best drink of choice for people with MS. But some non-alcoholic drinks are beneficial:

  • Water. Perhaps not surprisingly, water is the most important beverage for people with MS (and for everyone else!). Staying hydrated is vital for many bodily functions and offers various benefits for people with MS, such as reducing bladder and bowel symptoms, decreasing the side effects of medications, lowering injection site reactions, and preventing the effects of dehydration on MS, such as fatigue and mental decline.
  • Coffee. Coffee also seems to be beneficial for people with MS. Research has found that a higher intake of coffee and caffeine may have a protective effect against MS. Coffee has properties that fight inflammation and stimulate the nervous system, which can be helpful for people with MS. Of course, too much coffee can be dehydrating, so it’s important to consume water alongside it. 
  • Green tea. According to research, green tea and one of its active ingredients — epigallocatechin 3-gallate EGCG — can help modulate immune cell function. This may improve the symptoms of some autoimmune diseases, such as MS.

What Is the Treatment for MS? 

Unfortunately, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis. Treatment usually involves controlling the condition and easing symptoms, but it depends on the stage of the disease and the person’s specific symptoms. 

For instance, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are medicines that can help people with MS have fewer and less severe relapses. They’re taken as a pill, an injection, or an infusion. 

Much of the immune response associated with MS occurs in the early stages of the disease. So aggressive treatment with these medications as early as possible can lower the relapse rate and slow the formation of new lesions. 

However, DMTs aren’t suitable for everyone with MS. They’re only prescribed to people with relapsing-remitting MS or some people with primary or secondary progressive MS who have relapses. 

Healthcare providers often work with neurologists, physiotherapists, speech or language therapists, and a number of other professionals to determine a personalized treatment plan.

Tips for Managing MS 

Taking good care of our body — in addition to following a professionally-developed MS treatment plan — can help manage MS symptoms. Here are some tips:

  • Eat nutritious food. There’s no special MS diet, but a healthy eating plan can give you more energy and help stave off chronic conditions such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Experts recommend plenty of fruits and vegetables, lean protein, and omega-3 fatty acids. It’s also to consume enough fiber to help prevent constipation, which is a common problem for people with MS. Many fruits, vegetables, whole grains, beans, and lentils are good sources of fiber. 
  • Keep your body moving. Exercise is important for people with MS for both fitness and function. Regular exercise promotes flexibility, can improve balance, and can also help with other MS symptoms, such as constipation, fatigue, and cognitive issues. Many people with MS benefit from working with a physical therapist to help identify exercises to strengthen body areas that are particularly weak. 
  • Exercise your brain. It’s important to exercise your brain. Because of the condition, MS patients often have to use more of their brain to do a specific task than other individuals. Doing crosswords, playing word games, taking classes, reading, or engaging in other mentally challenging activities can help keep your brain sharp and engaged.
  • Practice stress management techniques. Many people with MS experience heightened levels of stress because of difficulties living with the condition. Meditation, mindfulness, deep breathing exercises, and other stress-reduction practices have been shown to improve quality of life and possibly slow disease progression. Spending time with loved ones and friends or finding a club to join can also be helpful ways to cope with stress.
  • Protect your mental health. As we’ve learned, many people with MS can struggle with depression. It’s important to prioritize your mental health and seek treatment if necessary. Both psychotherapy and antidepressant medication have been found effective for depression in people with MS. We also might consider joining an MS support group, which can help us feel less alone. 

The Bottom Line

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system that can cause a variety of symptoms, such as muscle weakness, fatigue, poor coordination, numbness and tingling. While no studies link alcohol consumption to an increased risk of developing MS, alcohol can worsen common MS symptoms like imbalance and lack of coordination. Healthier drinking alternatives include water, coffee, and green tea. In addition to receiving professional medical treatment, people with MS can benefit from eating a healthy diet, exercising their body and brain, and practicing stress management techniques. 

If you’re struggling to control your alcohol intake, consider trying Reframe. We’re a neuroscience-backed app that has helped millions of people cut back on their alcohol consumption and become healthier, stronger, and happier in the process. 

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-30 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Examples: A 2023 Guide
This is some text inside of a div block.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs serves as a guide to understanding our inner motivations. Dive into each layer, from basic survival to self-actualization, and embrace a holistic journey to well-being.

23 min read

Supercharge Your Well-Being — Download Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

Jenna is swamped at her desk, her work demands piling up and a deadline fast approaching. Yet all she can think about is the growling in her stomach. Later, when lunch is done, she wonders about her friends' group chat buzzing with messages and if she's missing out. By evening, she contemplates her career path and wonders if she's making a mark in the world.

Jenna's journey through her day captures the essence of what the renowned psychologist Abraham Maslow identified as the hierarchy of human needs. Ranging from the basic to the profound, Maslow's hierarchy of needs explains why, at times, our immediate physical needs can overshadow deeper emotional or intellectual pursuits, and vice versa. What is the hierarchy of needs all about? Let’s find out!

Who Was Abraham Maslow?

Abraham Maslow, born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York, stands out as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. His early life, marked by academic struggles and experiences with anti-Semitism, eventually led him to immerse himself in the world of psychology. Maslow pursued his academic endeavors at the City College of New York and later at the University of Wisconsin, where he earned his Ph.D. in psychology in 1934.

On his professional journey, dotted with teaching stints and extensive research, Maslow gravitated towards understanding human potential and the nature of mental health. Rather than focusing on the pathology or what was "wrong" with people, as many of his contemporaries did, Maslow was more interested in understanding positive human qualities and the potential for growth. This emphasis on positive psychology set him apart.

The genesis of his renowned "hierarchy of needs" can be traced back to his dissatisfaction with the deterministic theories of his time. While Freud emphasized the darker aspects of psychology and behaviorism underscored external stimuli, Maslow believed in the innate human drive towards self-actualization — the desire to realize one's fullest potential. Maslow’s hierarchy, structured as a pyramid, detailed a progression of human needs, starting from the most basic physiological needs to the pinnacle: self-actualization.

Drawing inspiration from his observations, interactions with accomplished individuals, and insights from various cultures, Maslow formulated this hierarchy of needs. He posited that for higher needs to emerge and dominate behavior, the lower levels of needs must be sufficiently satisfied. His work, encapsulated in his book Motivation and Personality (1954), transformed the realm of psychology, laying the groundwork for humanistic psychology and challenging the prevailing paradigms.

Abraham Maslow’s visionary perspective reshaped the way we understand human motivation and potential, leaving an indelible mark on psychology.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: A Closer Look

Navigating the nuances of human behavior has always piqued our collective curiosity. Maslow's hierarchy of needs offers a valuable lens through which we can better understand our inherent motivations and desires. While the layers of the pyramid of needs might seem self-explanatory at first glance, a closer look reveals profound insights into the intricate realm of human existence.

Physiological Needs: The Bedrock of Existence

The foundation of Maslow's hierarchy rests upon physiological needs, the elemental requirements for human survival:

  • Nutrition: Balanced nutrition, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, ensures our body functions at its optimal capacity.
  • Hydration: Water plays a pivotal role in numerous bodily functions, from digestion to temperature regulation.
  • Shelter: This encompasses a protective space, safeguarding against environmental adversities, from scorching heat to snowstorms.
  • Sleep: An often-underestimated need, adequate sleep is vital for cognitive functions, emotional balance, and overall health.
  • Reproduction: At a primal level, ensuring the continuity of the species is considered a physiological need.

Imagine trying to focus on a complex task with a growling stomach, or making a crucial life decision when sleep-deprived. It's nearly impossible! Like Jenna's overpowering lunchtime hunger, physiological needs, when unmet, dominate our attention, revealing their fundamental significance in the hierarchy.

Safety Needs: Craving Stability in a Chaotic World

Having satiated our immediate physiological needs, our quest for safety and security takes precedence. This layer goes beyond the obvious physical safety:

  • Physical security: This entails protecting ourselves from potential threats, by (for example) locking doors or avoiding dangerous locales.
  • Financial security: This means pursuing stable income sources, savings, and insurance to navigate unforeseen financial challenges.
  • Health and well-being: This focuses on regular health check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive measures to stave off illness.
  • Safety nets: This encompasses communities, legal systems, and societal structures that help ensure individual and collective safety.

The prominence of safety needs underscores our innate desire for predictability and stability in an inherently unpredictable world.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Love and Belonging: The Quest for Interpersonal Connections

We humans are social beings; we have an intrinsic yearning for meaningful connections. The third layer of the pyramid encapsulates this desire for social needs:

  • Friendships: These bonds are forged outside familial ties, often shaped by shared interests, experiences, and mutual support.
  • Family: Beyond biological connections, family often serves as our primary support system, offering unconditional love and care.
  • Intimate relationships: These include partnerships marked by deeper emotional and physical connections, rooted in trust, love, and mutual respect.
  • Social communities: From clubs to online communities, these groupings offer a sense of belonging based on shared beliefs or passions.

Like Jenna's instinct to check her buzzing group chat, our social needs manifest in myriad ways, from seeking companionship to fearing isolation.

Esteem: Recognizing and Realizing Self-Worth

Beyond the communal, we pivot to the self. Our esteem, both internal and external, centers around recognition and respect:

  • Self-esteem: An internal assessment of worth, our self-esteem stems from personal achievements, capabilities, and self-respect.
  • Recognition: This focuses on external validation, in which accomplishments are acknowledged and celebrated by peers, family, or society.
  • Status: This is often linked to roles within societal or organizational structures, conferring a sense of importance.
  • Mastery: Mastery is the pursuit of expertise or skill in specific domains, adding to one's self-worth.

For people introspecting about career trajectories or life choices, the quest for esteem influences decisions and shapes life paths.

Self-Actualization: The Odyssey to Ultimate Fulfillment

At the top of the pyramid is self-actualization, the highest form of personal fulfillment. It isn't about material gains but an internal journey:

  • Personal growth: This means continually learning and evolving, embracing change, and seeking experiences that foster growth.
  • Creative pursuits: These include engaging in artistic, innovative, or inventive endeavors as a form of self-expression.
  • Problem solving: This involves overcoming challenges not out of necessity but driven by the joy of resolution.
  • Philosophical quests: This focuses on life's deeper questions, seeking meaning, purpose, and understanding.

Self-actualization is a lifelong journey, the quest to become the best version of ourselves. Only a lucky few truly succeed, but the journey itself is worth the effort.

Maslow's hierarchy depicts the multifaceted journey of human existence. Each layer, with its distinct needs, offers insights into the complexities of human behavior, motivations, and aspirations. By understanding and addressing each layer, we can embark on a path to fulfillment and well-being.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: The Science-Backed Benefits of Understanding

Juggling personal, professional, and social commitments can leave us in a tizzy. The days blend into weeks, and before we know it, we're caught up in routines without truly understanding the underpinnings of our actions, desires, and motivations. In times like this, Maslow's hierarchy serves not just as a theoretical construct, but as a tool to comprehend and enhance our life. Why is understanding this pyramid so beneficial? Let's dive into what the science says.

1. Enhanced Self-Awareness

It's easy to drift through life without a sense of direction. Recognizing where we stand on Maslow's hierarchy of needs can give us clarity about our current state. Are we struggling with basic needs or seeking purpose and fulfillment? By pinpointing our position, we can be more attuned to our emotions, reactions, and desires, leading to enhanced self-awareness and, in turn, greater well-being.

2. A Structured Approach to Problem Solving

When frustrated or unfulfilled, understanding Maslow’s hierarchy of needs can guide our approach to finding solutions. If we’re feeling disconnected and lonely, recognizing the need for love and belonging can pave the way for targeted actions, such as joining social groups or seeking counseling. With the hierarchy as a roadmap, our problem-solving becomes more structured, efficient, and effective.

3. Improved Relationships

A key facet of Maslow's pyramid revolves around interpersonal relationships, highlighting their significance. Once we understand the importance of connections in both the love and belonging and the esteem stages, we can prioritize building and maintaining healthy relationships. Recognizing that we're interconnected can foster empathy, understanding, and enhanced connections with others.

Evidence suggests that improving our relationships doesn’t only improve our emotional well-being: it also boosts our physical health. A 2017 study found that adequate social support has the potential to control blood sugar levels, improve cancer survival rates, and even reduce the risk of death from heart disease.

4. Navigating Life Transitions

During transitions — from career changes to personal milestones — our position on the pyramid fluctuates. For example, someone who's recently retired might find themselves grappling with self-worth and purpose. Understanding and working with Maslow's hierarchy can make our transitions smoother and more meaningful.

5. Boosted Productivity and Motivation

How can a psychological theory impact productivity? Consider this: if we’re aware that our safety needs are unmet due to financial instability, we can take proactive steps to address them. If we’re aware that our self-worth isn’t what it could be, we can pursue mastery of a new skill or set out a goal and a path to achieving it. By meeting our needs at each level, we free up mental and emotional bandwidth, boosting productivity and motivation in other endeavors.

6. Holistic Health and Well-Being

Physical health is undeniably essential — but mental and emotional well-being are equally crucial. By catering to our physiological needs, Maslow's hierarchy advocates for a holistic approach to health. Understanding and addressing each level ensures a balanced life, in which physical, emotional, and mental facets are given due attention, leading to a comprehensive sense of well-being.

One 2023 study actually found that individuals living with diabetes who conceptualized their situation through the hierarchy of needs had improved health outcomes.

7. Lifelong Personal Development

Personal growth isn't a destination; it’s a continuous journey. The pinnacle of Maslow's hierarchy, self-actualization, underscores the importance of seeking purpose, creativity, and growth. As we evolve, our understanding of this stage might change, pushing us to explore new avenues, learn, and grow. With the pyramid as a guide, the journey of personal development becomes structured, purposeful, and fulfilling.

Meeting Your Own Needs

Navigating the intricacies of human motivation can feel like traversing a dense forest without a map. Fortunately, Maslow's hierarchy of needs offers a clear pathway to understanding and fulfilling our deepest desires and necessities. With this in mind, here's an action plan designed to guide you through each layer of the pyramid.

1. Laying a Strong Foundation

The journey begins at the physiological level, life’s essential building blocks.


  • Nutrition: Prioritize balanced meals packed with essential nutrients. Consider creating weekly meal plans or using apps to ensure varied and healthful diets.
  • Rest: Recognize the power of sleep. Regular sleep schedules, augmented by bedtime alarms or sleep-tracking apps, can ensure rejuvenation.
  • Routine: Structured days offer stability and predictability, crucial for maintaining physical and mental well-being.

2. Building Resilience and Security

The second layer revolves around safety, both immediate and long-term.

  • Financial preparedness: Set aside a fixed percentage of your monthly income, aiming to accumulate three to six months' worth of expenses. Digital platforms like Mint can help track and optimize savings.
  • Health and well-being: Regular medical check-ups, insurance plans, and mental health self-check tools ensure comprehensive safety.

3. Fostering Social Bonds

Humans are inherently social, and meaningful connections are crucial for our well-being.

  • Strengthen ties: Dedicate time weekly (or daily, if you can) for loved ones. Nurture these bonds through a simple text, a phone call, or shared activities.
  • Expand horizons: Consider joining community clubs, hobby groups, or online forums (such as the one on the Reframe app!) based on your interests. These offer companionship and can lead to enriching experiences and lasting memories.

4. The Power of Self-Recognition

Esteem isn't just about external validation; it’s also about internal acknowledgment.

  • Reflect: Allocate time for introspection. Journals, either traditional or digital ones, can be immensely therapeutic, promoting self-awareness and growth.
  • Celebrate: Recognize and reward your accomplishments, big or small. This fosters self-worth and propels motivation.

5. Fueling Personal and Professional Growth

Never stagnate! The world is a treasure trove of knowledge; find what interests you and pursue it.

  • Upskill: Platforms like Masterclass and Skillshare host diverse courses, from arts to advanced tech. Enroll in a class and set yourself on a learning trajectory.

  • Explore: Delve into new hobbies or activities. Whether it's pottery, coding, or a foreign language, the joy lies in discovery.

6. Elevate Yourself by Uplifting Others

True self-worth often stems from the value we bring to others.

  • Contribute: Volunteer at local community centers, NGOs, or virtual platforms.
  • Mentor: Share your knowledge! Whether you’re mentoring a junior colleague, tutoring students, or guiding peers in a hobby, imparting knowledge can be incredibly fulfilling.

7. Pursue Your Passions

Self-actualization is the pursuit of the soul, a relentless chase of passions and purposes.

  • Identify: Take the time to identify what truly resonates with your soul. It could be an art form, a cause, or a simple activity like gardening.
  • Engage: Dedicate time to your passions. It's not about mastery but the sheer joy and purpose these activities bring.

How Can the Hierarchy of Needs Help Us Change Our Drinking Habits?

The journey through Maslow's hierarchy is not linear; we may often find ourselves moving back and forth among the different tiers. Yet in this fluctuation lies a valuable lesson for those of us wanting to cut back on or quit alcohol. By understanding our present position within the pyramid and our intrinsic needs, we can pinpoint the triggers or voids that might drive us towards excessive drinking.

People often turn to alcohol when feeling disconnected or unfulfilled, which may indicate gaps in the belongingness or esteem layers of Maslow’s hierarchy. Recognizing these gaps provides an opportunity: instead of using alcohol as a temporary fix, we can address the underlying needs head-on. By seeking genuine connections, affirming our worth, or immersing ourselves in purposeful activities, we create an environment that supports our changing relationship with alcohol.

Progressing through the layers doesn't just signify self-actualization; it highlights the continuous growth and realizations encountered along the way. By intertwining Maslow’s insights with our alcohol moderation or sobriety goals, we’re not just climbing the pyramid; we're building a foundation for a balanced, mindful, and fulfilling life. The beauty of this journey lies in the conscious decisions and reflections that shape our path. In striving for holistic well-being, every step, realization, and choice made towards changing our relationship with alcohol becomes a testament to our evolving self-awareness and strength.

Jenna is swamped at her desk, her work demands piling up and a deadline fast approaching. Yet all she can think about is the growling in her stomach. Later, when lunch is done, she wonders about her friends' group chat buzzing with messages and if she's missing out. By evening, she contemplates her career path and wonders if she's making a mark in the world.

Jenna's journey through her day captures the essence of what the renowned psychologist Abraham Maslow identified as the hierarchy of human needs. Ranging from the basic to the profound, Maslow's hierarchy of needs explains why, at times, our immediate physical needs can overshadow deeper emotional or intellectual pursuits, and vice versa. What is the hierarchy of needs all about? Let’s find out!

Who Was Abraham Maslow?

Abraham Maslow, born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York, stands out as one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century. His early life, marked by academic struggles and experiences with anti-Semitism, eventually led him to immerse himself in the world of psychology. Maslow pursued his academic endeavors at the City College of New York and later at the University of Wisconsin, where he earned his Ph.D. in psychology in 1934.

On his professional journey, dotted with teaching stints and extensive research, Maslow gravitated towards understanding human potential and the nature of mental health. Rather than focusing on the pathology or what was "wrong" with people, as many of his contemporaries did, Maslow was more interested in understanding positive human qualities and the potential for growth. This emphasis on positive psychology set him apart.

The genesis of his renowned "hierarchy of needs" can be traced back to his dissatisfaction with the deterministic theories of his time. While Freud emphasized the darker aspects of psychology and behaviorism underscored external stimuli, Maslow believed in the innate human drive towards self-actualization — the desire to realize one's fullest potential. Maslow’s hierarchy, structured as a pyramid, detailed a progression of human needs, starting from the most basic physiological needs to the pinnacle: self-actualization.

Drawing inspiration from his observations, interactions with accomplished individuals, and insights from various cultures, Maslow formulated this hierarchy of needs. He posited that for higher needs to emerge and dominate behavior, the lower levels of needs must be sufficiently satisfied. His work, encapsulated in his book Motivation and Personality (1954), transformed the realm of psychology, laying the groundwork for humanistic psychology and challenging the prevailing paradigms.

Abraham Maslow’s visionary perspective reshaped the way we understand human motivation and potential, leaving an indelible mark on psychology.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: A Closer Look

Navigating the nuances of human behavior has always piqued our collective curiosity. Maslow's hierarchy of needs offers a valuable lens through which we can better understand our inherent motivations and desires. While the layers of the pyramid of needs might seem self-explanatory at first glance, a closer look reveals profound insights into the intricate realm of human existence.

Physiological Needs: The Bedrock of Existence

The foundation of Maslow's hierarchy rests upon physiological needs, the elemental requirements for human survival:

  • Nutrition: Balanced nutrition, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, ensures our body functions at its optimal capacity.
  • Hydration: Water plays a pivotal role in numerous bodily functions, from digestion to temperature regulation.
  • Shelter: This encompasses a protective space, safeguarding against environmental adversities, from scorching heat to snowstorms.
  • Sleep: An often-underestimated need, adequate sleep is vital for cognitive functions, emotional balance, and overall health.
  • Reproduction: At a primal level, ensuring the continuity of the species is considered a physiological need.

Imagine trying to focus on a complex task with a growling stomach, or making a crucial life decision when sleep-deprived. It's nearly impossible! Like Jenna's overpowering lunchtime hunger, physiological needs, when unmet, dominate our attention, revealing their fundamental significance in the hierarchy.

Safety Needs: Craving Stability in a Chaotic World

Having satiated our immediate physiological needs, our quest for safety and security takes precedence. This layer goes beyond the obvious physical safety:

  • Physical security: This entails protecting ourselves from potential threats, by (for example) locking doors or avoiding dangerous locales.
  • Financial security: This means pursuing stable income sources, savings, and insurance to navigate unforeseen financial challenges.
  • Health and well-being: This focuses on regular health check-ups, vaccinations, and preventive measures to stave off illness.
  • Safety nets: This encompasses communities, legal systems, and societal structures that help ensure individual and collective safety.

The prominence of safety needs underscores our innate desire for predictability and stability in an inherently unpredictable world.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Love and Belonging: The Quest for Interpersonal Connections

We humans are social beings; we have an intrinsic yearning for meaningful connections. The third layer of the pyramid encapsulates this desire for social needs:

  • Friendships: These bonds are forged outside familial ties, often shaped by shared interests, experiences, and mutual support.
  • Family: Beyond biological connections, family often serves as our primary support system, offering unconditional love and care.
  • Intimate relationships: These include partnerships marked by deeper emotional and physical connections, rooted in trust, love, and mutual respect.
  • Social communities: From clubs to online communities, these groupings offer a sense of belonging based on shared beliefs or passions.

Like Jenna's instinct to check her buzzing group chat, our social needs manifest in myriad ways, from seeking companionship to fearing isolation.

Esteem: Recognizing and Realizing Self-Worth

Beyond the communal, we pivot to the self. Our esteem, both internal and external, centers around recognition and respect:

  • Self-esteem: An internal assessment of worth, our self-esteem stems from personal achievements, capabilities, and self-respect.
  • Recognition: This focuses on external validation, in which accomplishments are acknowledged and celebrated by peers, family, or society.
  • Status: This is often linked to roles within societal or organizational structures, conferring a sense of importance.
  • Mastery: Mastery is the pursuit of expertise or skill in specific domains, adding to one's self-worth.

For people introspecting about career trajectories or life choices, the quest for esteem influences decisions and shapes life paths.

Self-Actualization: The Odyssey to Ultimate Fulfillment

At the top of the pyramid is self-actualization, the highest form of personal fulfillment. It isn't about material gains but an internal journey:

  • Personal growth: This means continually learning and evolving, embracing change, and seeking experiences that foster growth.
  • Creative pursuits: These include engaging in artistic, innovative, or inventive endeavors as a form of self-expression.
  • Problem solving: This involves overcoming challenges not out of necessity but driven by the joy of resolution.
  • Philosophical quests: This focuses on life's deeper questions, seeking meaning, purpose, and understanding.

Self-actualization is a lifelong journey, the quest to become the best version of ourselves. Only a lucky few truly succeed, but the journey itself is worth the effort.

Maslow's hierarchy depicts the multifaceted journey of human existence. Each layer, with its distinct needs, offers insights into the complexities of human behavior, motivations, and aspirations. By understanding and addressing each layer, we can embark on a path to fulfillment and well-being.

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: The Science-Backed Benefits of Understanding

Juggling personal, professional, and social commitments can leave us in a tizzy. The days blend into weeks, and before we know it, we're caught up in routines without truly understanding the underpinnings of our actions, desires, and motivations. In times like this, Maslow's hierarchy serves not just as a theoretical construct, but as a tool to comprehend and enhance our life. Why is understanding this pyramid so beneficial? Let's dive into what the science says.

1. Enhanced Self-Awareness

It's easy to drift through life without a sense of direction. Recognizing where we stand on Maslow's hierarchy of needs can give us clarity about our current state. Are we struggling with basic needs or seeking purpose and fulfillment? By pinpointing our position, we can be more attuned to our emotions, reactions, and desires, leading to enhanced self-awareness and, in turn, greater well-being.

2. A Structured Approach to Problem Solving

When frustrated or unfulfilled, understanding Maslow’s hierarchy of needs can guide our approach to finding solutions. If we’re feeling disconnected and lonely, recognizing the need for love and belonging can pave the way for targeted actions, such as joining social groups or seeking counseling. With the hierarchy as a roadmap, our problem-solving becomes more structured, efficient, and effective.

3. Improved Relationships

A key facet of Maslow's pyramid revolves around interpersonal relationships, highlighting their significance. Once we understand the importance of connections in both the love and belonging and the esteem stages, we can prioritize building and maintaining healthy relationships. Recognizing that we're interconnected can foster empathy, understanding, and enhanced connections with others.

Evidence suggests that improving our relationships doesn’t only improve our emotional well-being: it also boosts our physical health. A 2017 study found that adequate social support has the potential to control blood sugar levels, improve cancer survival rates, and even reduce the risk of death from heart disease.

4. Navigating Life Transitions

During transitions — from career changes to personal milestones — our position on the pyramid fluctuates. For example, someone who's recently retired might find themselves grappling with self-worth and purpose. Understanding and working with Maslow's hierarchy can make our transitions smoother and more meaningful.

5. Boosted Productivity and Motivation

How can a psychological theory impact productivity? Consider this: if we’re aware that our safety needs are unmet due to financial instability, we can take proactive steps to address them. If we’re aware that our self-worth isn’t what it could be, we can pursue mastery of a new skill or set out a goal and a path to achieving it. By meeting our needs at each level, we free up mental and emotional bandwidth, boosting productivity and motivation in other endeavors.

6. Holistic Health and Well-Being

Physical health is undeniably essential — but mental and emotional well-being are equally crucial. By catering to our physiological needs, Maslow's hierarchy advocates for a holistic approach to health. Understanding and addressing each level ensures a balanced life, in which physical, emotional, and mental facets are given due attention, leading to a comprehensive sense of well-being.

One 2023 study actually found that individuals living with diabetes who conceptualized their situation through the hierarchy of needs had improved health outcomes.

7. Lifelong Personal Development

Personal growth isn't a destination; it’s a continuous journey. The pinnacle of Maslow's hierarchy, self-actualization, underscores the importance of seeking purpose, creativity, and growth. As we evolve, our understanding of this stage might change, pushing us to explore new avenues, learn, and grow. With the pyramid as a guide, the journey of personal development becomes structured, purposeful, and fulfilling.

Meeting Your Own Needs

Navigating the intricacies of human motivation can feel like traversing a dense forest without a map. Fortunately, Maslow's hierarchy of needs offers a clear pathway to understanding and fulfilling our deepest desires and necessities. With this in mind, here's an action plan designed to guide you through each layer of the pyramid.

1. Laying a Strong Foundation

The journey begins at the physiological level, life’s essential building blocks.


  • Nutrition: Prioritize balanced meals packed with essential nutrients. Consider creating weekly meal plans or using apps to ensure varied and healthful diets.
  • Rest: Recognize the power of sleep. Regular sleep schedules, augmented by bedtime alarms or sleep-tracking apps, can ensure rejuvenation.
  • Routine: Structured days offer stability and predictability, crucial for maintaining physical and mental well-being.

2. Building Resilience and Security

The second layer revolves around safety, both immediate and long-term.

  • Financial preparedness: Set aside a fixed percentage of your monthly income, aiming to accumulate three to six months' worth of expenses. Digital platforms like Mint can help track and optimize savings.
  • Health and well-being: Regular medical check-ups, insurance plans, and mental health self-check tools ensure comprehensive safety.

3. Fostering Social Bonds

Humans are inherently social, and meaningful connections are crucial for our well-being.

  • Strengthen ties: Dedicate time weekly (or daily, if you can) for loved ones. Nurture these bonds through a simple text, a phone call, or shared activities.
  • Expand horizons: Consider joining community clubs, hobby groups, or online forums (such as the one on the Reframe app!) based on your interests. These offer companionship and can lead to enriching experiences and lasting memories.

4. The Power of Self-Recognition

Esteem isn't just about external validation; it’s also about internal acknowledgment.

  • Reflect: Allocate time for introspection. Journals, either traditional or digital ones, can be immensely therapeutic, promoting self-awareness and growth.
  • Celebrate: Recognize and reward your accomplishments, big or small. This fosters self-worth and propels motivation.

5. Fueling Personal and Professional Growth

Never stagnate! The world is a treasure trove of knowledge; find what interests you and pursue it.

  • Upskill: Platforms like Masterclass and Skillshare host diverse courses, from arts to advanced tech. Enroll in a class and set yourself on a learning trajectory.

  • Explore: Delve into new hobbies or activities. Whether it's pottery, coding, or a foreign language, the joy lies in discovery.

6. Elevate Yourself by Uplifting Others

True self-worth often stems from the value we bring to others.

  • Contribute: Volunteer at local community centers, NGOs, or virtual platforms.
  • Mentor: Share your knowledge! Whether you’re mentoring a junior colleague, tutoring students, or guiding peers in a hobby, imparting knowledge can be incredibly fulfilling.

7. Pursue Your Passions

Self-actualization is the pursuit of the soul, a relentless chase of passions and purposes.

  • Identify: Take the time to identify what truly resonates with your soul. It could be an art form, a cause, or a simple activity like gardening.
  • Engage: Dedicate time to your passions. It's not about mastery but the sheer joy and purpose these activities bring.

How Can the Hierarchy of Needs Help Us Change Our Drinking Habits?

The journey through Maslow's hierarchy is not linear; we may often find ourselves moving back and forth among the different tiers. Yet in this fluctuation lies a valuable lesson for those of us wanting to cut back on or quit alcohol. By understanding our present position within the pyramid and our intrinsic needs, we can pinpoint the triggers or voids that might drive us towards excessive drinking.

People often turn to alcohol when feeling disconnected or unfulfilled, which may indicate gaps in the belongingness or esteem layers of Maslow’s hierarchy. Recognizing these gaps provides an opportunity: instead of using alcohol as a temporary fix, we can address the underlying needs head-on. By seeking genuine connections, affirming our worth, or immersing ourselves in purposeful activities, we create an environment that supports our changing relationship with alcohol.

Progressing through the layers doesn't just signify self-actualization; it highlights the continuous growth and realizations encountered along the way. By intertwining Maslow’s insights with our alcohol moderation or sobriety goals, we’re not just climbing the pyramid; we're building a foundation for a balanced, mindful, and fulfilling life. The beauty of this journey lies in the conscious decisions and reflections that shape our path. In striving for holistic well-being, every step, realization, and choice made towards changing our relationship with alcohol becomes a testament to our evolving self-awareness and strength.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2023-08-30 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
How To Help a Friend Who Is Struggling With Alcohol Misuse
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Concerned your friend is drinking too much? Explore how to tell if a friend is struggling with alcohol use, how to talk to them about it, and what you can do to help.

18 min read

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Read Full Article  →

You and your friend routinely get together. You usually meet at your favorite spot for dinner and have a drink or two. But lately, you’ve noticed some changes. Every time you get together, your friend is gulping down drinks. When you talk to them later in the week, they don’t seem to remember much of your conversation. 

You’re starting to get concerned and want to be a good friend, but don’t know where or how to start. You don’t even know if you should start. Is this something they can manage on their own, or can you do something to help? 

In this post, we’ll explore how to talk to a friend about their drinking (and how to confront an alcoholic). We’ll also offer tips for what we can do to help an alcoholic friend. Let’s dive in!

How Can We Tell If a Friend Has a Drinking Problem?

Sadly, for many people, drinking is an ordinary part of life. Alcohol’s effects vary widely from person to person, so it’s not always easy to tell if someone’s alcohol intake has crossed the line from responsible, social drinking to alcohol misuse. 

While there’s no specific amount of alcohol that indicates someone is struggling with alcohol, certain signs indicate that they might need help. Here are some of them: 

  • Inability to control their drinking. Someone struggling with alcohol misuse is unable to control their drinking. Alcohol becomes the center of their world. If our friend can’t leave their drink unfinished, or if they seem unable to reduce their alcohol consumption, they most likely are misusing alcohol.
  • Their drinking has increased. A telltale sign that someone is struggling with alcohol is an increase in the amount they’re consuming. For instance, maybe our friend started out having one drink a day, but now they’re drinking several glasses of wine a day. Or perhaps they’re drinking at odd times of the day. Changes in alcohol consumption patterns are also indicators of a larger problem.

    If our friend participates in binge drinking several times a month — defined as having four or more drinks for women or five or more drinks for men in one sitting — our friend likely is misusing alcohol. 
  • Their personal and professional life is suffering. Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to an inability to focus or a loss of interest in activities we previously enjoyed. Our friend may be misusing alcohol if their drinking impedes their ability to fulfill daily responsibilities at home, work, or school, or if they’ve lost their motivation and productivity.

    Similarly, our friend might continue drinking even when it’s causing problems in their relationships with you or others. We may also notice changes in their behavior or personality, such as being more irritable, tired, secretive, restless, forgetful, or even aggressive.
  • They deny or lie about how much they’re drinking. Oftentimes, friends and family members can recognize the signs of alcohol misuse before the person struggling does. If someone has already raised concerns about our friend’s drinking and they become defensive or deny they have a problem, this likely means they need help. 

The bottom line? Educating ourselves on the warning signs and symptoms of alcohol misuse is an important first step in helping our friend. The more we know, the easier it is to spot problematic behaviors or patterns.

How To Talk to a Friend About Their Drinking

Talking to someone about their drinking is never easy. We might worry that bringing up our concerns will make our friend angry, defensive or lash out. What if they stop talking to us? These concerns are understandable and valid, as these are all common reactions. 

However, our friend’s drinking will likely get worse unless we speak up. No matter how hard it is, it’s worth having a conversation. It might be uncomfortable in the short-term, but in the long-run, they’ll probably thank us. Here are some tips for having that conversation: 

  • Choose the right time and place. Pick a time when they’re not drinking and when you’re both calm and focused. Choose a quiet, private place, like their house, where you won’t be interrupted. Remove distractions by silencing your phone or other devices. 
  • Express your concerns directly with love. Tell your friend about the worries you have regarding their drinking and the effects you see it having on their health, relationships, career, and/or family. Try to be as specific as possible, pointing to concrete examples, behaviors, or consequences. 
  • Be mindful of your tone of voice. Try to remain gentle and compassionate, rather than accusatory or judgemental. Use direct, but empathic “I” statements. For instance, you might say, “I understand that you are struggling, and I am concerned about you.” 
  • Invite them into a dialogue. Encourage your friend to open up about why they’re drinking. For instance, you might ask them if they’re stressed, bored, lonely, or anxious. Many different factors could be contributing to their drinking, some of which you might not even be aware of. 

    Listen to their thoughts and concerns without interrupting. Ask what you can do to help. And remind them that alcohol tends to mask symptoms and won’t help them get to the root of the issue.
  • Consider staging a family meeting or intervention. We can also consider inviting close family members or other friends for an intervention if our friend is resistant to getting help. But this should really be a last resort, as research shows that confrontational interventions can actually make things worse. Instead, you can try to get your friend to talk to a doctor if they won’t talk to you. If you do choose to have an intervention, be careful to approach it from a place of care and concern and not use it as an opportunity to accuse, shame, or vent anger
Diagram about things to avoid when talking with a friend about their alcohol use

Things To Avoid When Talking to a Friend About Their Alcohol Use

In addition to knowing what to do and say, it can help to know things to avoid when having a conversation with our friend about their drinking. Here are some tips:

  • Don’t take things personally. Depending on their personality and situation, your friend might get angry, deny, or push back at what you’re saying. Try not to get offended or take things personally. Keep the focus on them and remember they’re probably not their best self. You’re trying to help them, but they might need time and space to come to terms with what you’re saying and start to see the problem for themselves. 
  • Don’t threaten, push, bribe, or preach. Avoid ultimatums or threats, which could increase frustration and lead them to drink more. Make sure not to lecture or criticize either, as this could cause your friend to become defensive and much less willing to hear what you’re saying. Avoid words like “addict” or “alcoholic,” as these are stigmatizing and can make your friend feel attacked. Again, focus on your concerns and express them with compassion and love. 
  • Don’t cover up for their behavior. Try not to make excuses for your friend’s behavior or drinking. If you do, your friend may be less able to recognize the problem and less likely to seek help. Set boundaries by refusing to lie for them about their drinking, refusing to supply them with alcohol, and refusing to engage in arguments when they're drunk. Stick to these limits, even if your friend gets angry.

    It’s especially important not to do things for your friend that they should be handling themselves. For instance, if they ask you to call into work “sick,” don’t agree to do this. In general, if you’re saving your friend from the consequences of alcohol misuse, it could take them much longer to reach the point where they’re willing to seekhelp.
  • Don’t blame yourself. Keep in mind that you’re not to blame for your friend’s drinking problem. You’re not responsible for their behavior, and you can’t make them change. As much as you may want to, and as hard as it is to watch, you can’t make them stop drinking. The choice is theirs and theirs alone. 

How To Help Someone Stop Drinking

If our friend agrees that they’re struggling with alcohol, but is unsure how to stop drinking, we can help them by discussing potential solutions:

  • Make a doctor’s appointment. Our friend’s primary care doctor or a general practitioner can evaluate their drinking patterns, assess their overall health and any co-occurring disorders, and provide treatment referrals. If appropriate, they may even prescribe medication approved to treat alcohol dependence. Depending on the severity of your friend’s condition, a doctor might be necessary to help manage withdrawal symptoms during detox.
  • Attend a 12-step program or other support group. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is one of the most common treatment options for alcohol misuse. Support groups like these are beneficial because they’ll allow your friend to spend time with others facing similar problems. They also provide advice on staying sober and help reduce any sense of isolation they might be experiencing. Studies show that the social connections provided by these groups can help people build confidence in their own ability to avoid alcohol in social situations and maintain their sobriety.
  • Behavioral treatments. Individual, group, and/or family therapy can help your friend identify the root cause of their alcohol misuse, repair damaged relationships, develop skills to stop or reduce their drinking, and learn to deal with the drinking triggers that might cause them to relapse. CBT is a particularly effective tool, and it’s one of the many types of therapy for alcohol misuse
  • Residential treatment or “rehab” facilities. Both inpatient and outpatient treatment centers provide intensive treatment for alcohol misuse. Choosing which one largely depends on the severity of your friend’s condition. Inpatient facilities are more intensive, as they require people to stay at a special facility for 30 to 90 days to receive treatment such as detox, therapy, and medication. During outpatient treatment, your friend would attend set rehab appointments during the week but still reside at home. 

Whichever treatment option your friend chooses, it’s important to support and encourage them. This might involve driving them to a treatment center or AA meeting. It could also mean helping them with daily errands or tasks, taking their dog or cat, or looking after their house while they’re in rehab or getting help.

The Bottom Line

Alcohol misuse is a serious problem that can significantly interfere with a loved one’s personal and professional life, health, and well-being. If we’re concerned about our friend’s drinking, the first thing we should do is educate ourselves on alcohol misuse and treatment options. Once we do this, we can have a discussion with them — at the right time and place — and express our concerns in a gentle, loving way. While we can’t make an alcoholic friend stop drinking, we can play a role in getting them the help they need.

If your friend or loved one is looking to cut back on their alcohol consumption, you can also encourage them to try Reframe. Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), our neuroscience-backed app has helped millions of people cut back on drinking gradually. 

You and your friend routinely get together. You usually meet at your favorite spot for dinner and have a drink or two. But lately, you’ve noticed some changes. Every time you get together, your friend is gulping down drinks. When you talk to them later in the week, they don’t seem to remember much of your conversation. 

You’re starting to get concerned and want to be a good friend, but don’t know where or how to start. You don’t even know if you should start. Is this something they can manage on their own, or can you do something to help? 

In this post, we’ll explore how to talk to a friend about their drinking (and how to confront an alcoholic). We’ll also offer tips for what we can do to help an alcoholic friend. Let’s dive in!

How Can We Tell If a Friend Has a Drinking Problem?

Sadly, for many people, drinking is an ordinary part of life. Alcohol’s effects vary widely from person to person, so it’s not always easy to tell if someone’s alcohol intake has crossed the line from responsible, social drinking to alcohol misuse. 

While there’s no specific amount of alcohol that indicates someone is struggling with alcohol, certain signs indicate that they might need help. Here are some of them: 

  • Inability to control their drinking. Someone struggling with alcohol misuse is unable to control their drinking. Alcohol becomes the center of their world. If our friend can’t leave their drink unfinished, or if they seem unable to reduce their alcohol consumption, they most likely are misusing alcohol.
  • Their drinking has increased. A telltale sign that someone is struggling with alcohol is an increase in the amount they’re consuming. For instance, maybe our friend started out having one drink a day, but now they’re drinking several glasses of wine a day. Or perhaps they’re drinking at odd times of the day. Changes in alcohol consumption patterns are also indicators of a larger problem.

    If our friend participates in binge drinking several times a month — defined as having four or more drinks for women or five or more drinks for men in one sitting — our friend likely is misusing alcohol. 
  • Their personal and professional life is suffering. Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to an inability to focus or a loss of interest in activities we previously enjoyed. Our friend may be misusing alcohol if their drinking impedes their ability to fulfill daily responsibilities at home, work, or school, or if they’ve lost their motivation and productivity.

    Similarly, our friend might continue drinking even when it’s causing problems in their relationships with you or others. We may also notice changes in their behavior or personality, such as being more irritable, tired, secretive, restless, forgetful, or even aggressive.
  • They deny or lie about how much they’re drinking. Oftentimes, friends and family members can recognize the signs of alcohol misuse before the person struggling does. If someone has already raised concerns about our friend’s drinking and they become defensive or deny they have a problem, this likely means they need help. 

The bottom line? Educating ourselves on the warning signs and symptoms of alcohol misuse is an important first step in helping our friend. The more we know, the easier it is to spot problematic behaviors or patterns.

How To Talk to a Friend About Their Drinking

Talking to someone about their drinking is never easy. We might worry that bringing up our concerns will make our friend angry, defensive or lash out. What if they stop talking to us? These concerns are understandable and valid, as these are all common reactions. 

However, our friend’s drinking will likely get worse unless we speak up. No matter how hard it is, it’s worth having a conversation. It might be uncomfortable in the short-term, but in the long-run, they’ll probably thank us. Here are some tips for having that conversation: 

  • Choose the right time and place. Pick a time when they’re not drinking and when you’re both calm and focused. Choose a quiet, private place, like their house, where you won’t be interrupted. Remove distractions by silencing your phone or other devices. 
  • Express your concerns directly with love. Tell your friend about the worries you have regarding their drinking and the effects you see it having on their health, relationships, career, and/or family. Try to be as specific as possible, pointing to concrete examples, behaviors, or consequences. 
  • Be mindful of your tone of voice. Try to remain gentle and compassionate, rather than accusatory or judgemental. Use direct, but empathic “I” statements. For instance, you might say, “I understand that you are struggling, and I am concerned about you.” 
  • Invite them into a dialogue. Encourage your friend to open up about why they’re drinking. For instance, you might ask them if they’re stressed, bored, lonely, or anxious. Many different factors could be contributing to their drinking, some of which you might not even be aware of. 

    Listen to their thoughts and concerns without interrupting. Ask what you can do to help. And remind them that alcohol tends to mask symptoms and won’t help them get to the root of the issue.
  • Consider staging a family meeting or intervention. We can also consider inviting close family members or other friends for an intervention if our friend is resistant to getting help. But this should really be a last resort, as research shows that confrontational interventions can actually make things worse. Instead, you can try to get your friend to talk to a doctor if they won’t talk to you. If you do choose to have an intervention, be careful to approach it from a place of care and concern and not use it as an opportunity to accuse, shame, or vent anger
Diagram about things to avoid when talking with a friend about their alcohol use

Things To Avoid When Talking to a Friend About Their Alcohol Use

In addition to knowing what to do and say, it can help to know things to avoid when having a conversation with our friend about their drinking. Here are some tips:

  • Don’t take things personally. Depending on their personality and situation, your friend might get angry, deny, or push back at what you’re saying. Try not to get offended or take things personally. Keep the focus on them and remember they’re probably not their best self. You’re trying to help them, but they might need time and space to come to terms with what you’re saying and start to see the problem for themselves. 
  • Don’t threaten, push, bribe, or preach. Avoid ultimatums or threats, which could increase frustration and lead them to drink more. Make sure not to lecture or criticize either, as this could cause your friend to become defensive and much less willing to hear what you’re saying. Avoid words like “addict” or “alcoholic,” as these are stigmatizing and can make your friend feel attacked. Again, focus on your concerns and express them with compassion and love. 
  • Don’t cover up for their behavior. Try not to make excuses for your friend’s behavior or drinking. If you do, your friend may be less able to recognize the problem and less likely to seek help. Set boundaries by refusing to lie for them about their drinking, refusing to supply them with alcohol, and refusing to engage in arguments when they're drunk. Stick to these limits, even if your friend gets angry.

    It’s especially important not to do things for your friend that they should be handling themselves. For instance, if they ask you to call into work “sick,” don’t agree to do this. In general, if you’re saving your friend from the consequences of alcohol misuse, it could take them much longer to reach the point where they’re willing to seekhelp.
  • Don’t blame yourself. Keep in mind that you’re not to blame for your friend’s drinking problem. You’re not responsible for their behavior, and you can’t make them change. As much as you may want to, and as hard as it is to watch, you can’t make them stop drinking. The choice is theirs and theirs alone. 

How To Help Someone Stop Drinking

If our friend agrees that they’re struggling with alcohol, but is unsure how to stop drinking, we can help them by discussing potential solutions:

  • Make a doctor’s appointment. Our friend’s primary care doctor or a general practitioner can evaluate their drinking patterns, assess their overall health and any co-occurring disorders, and provide treatment referrals. If appropriate, they may even prescribe medication approved to treat alcohol dependence. Depending on the severity of your friend’s condition, a doctor might be necessary to help manage withdrawal symptoms during detox.
  • Attend a 12-step program or other support group. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is one of the most common treatment options for alcohol misuse. Support groups like these are beneficial because they’ll allow your friend to spend time with others facing similar problems. They also provide advice on staying sober and help reduce any sense of isolation they might be experiencing. Studies show that the social connections provided by these groups can help people build confidence in their own ability to avoid alcohol in social situations and maintain their sobriety.
  • Behavioral treatments. Individual, group, and/or family therapy can help your friend identify the root cause of their alcohol misuse, repair damaged relationships, develop skills to stop or reduce their drinking, and learn to deal with the drinking triggers that might cause them to relapse. CBT is a particularly effective tool, and it’s one of the many types of therapy for alcohol misuse
  • Residential treatment or “rehab” facilities. Both inpatient and outpatient treatment centers provide intensive treatment for alcohol misuse. Choosing which one largely depends on the severity of your friend’s condition. Inpatient facilities are more intensive, as they require people to stay at a special facility for 30 to 90 days to receive treatment such as detox, therapy, and medication. During outpatient treatment, your friend would attend set rehab appointments during the week but still reside at home. 

Whichever treatment option your friend chooses, it’s important to support and encourage them. This might involve driving them to a treatment center or AA meeting. It could also mean helping them with daily errands or tasks, taking their dog or cat, or looking after their house while they’re in rehab or getting help.

The Bottom Line

Alcohol misuse is a serious problem that can significantly interfere with a loved one’s personal and professional life, health, and well-being. If we’re concerned about our friend’s drinking, the first thing we should do is educate ourselves on alcohol misuse and treatment options. Once we do this, we can have a discussion with them — at the right time and place — and express our concerns in a gentle, loving way. While we can’t make an alcoholic friend stop drinking, we can play a role in getting them the help they need.

If your friend or loved one is looking to cut back on their alcohol consumption, you can also encourage them to try Reframe. Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), our neuroscience-backed app has helped millions of people cut back on drinking gradually. 

Alcohol and Mental Health