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2024-02-14 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Alcohol and Suicidal Thoughts: Understanding the Link
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Alcohol and suicide are a complex association, often involving mental health conditions, family history, and a genetic predisposition.

22 min read

Take Control and Thrive With Reframe

We just covered a very sensitive and complex topic. Suicide risk may be a subject that resonates on some level with you. The good thing is that help is available in many forms. If you are interested in finding ways of improving your well-being physically and emotionally, or you want to examine your relationship with alcohol, then have a look at Reframe.  

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions worldwide drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills to survive drinking less and thrive while navigating the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re constantly introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! We launch fun challenges monthly, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for seven days, so you have nothing to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today! 

Read Full Article  →

Note: If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States). Click here for a list by country.

Life is full of ups and downs. There are moments of joy and laughter, shared experiences with our loved ones, and times when we experience sadness, disappointment, and frustration. Having this mix of feelings is perfectly normal — and part of life. But for some, feelings of despair and extreme sadness overshadow the good things. Without professional help, these feelings can become difficult to cope with.

asian-woman-drink-vodka-alone

When feelings of depression become overwhelming, some of us turn to self-medication, and alcohol is a common choice. While alcohol’s short-term effects offer relief from emotional pain, it only makes things worse in the long run. Alcohol misuse has serious physical, mental, and social consequences, one of which is suicide.

Let’s delve into the intricate link between alcohol and suicidal behaviors or thoughts and shed some light on this sensitive topic.

Defining the Issues

Having a drink may seem like a good way to relax, but alcohol can become a double-edged sword when misused. Alcohol may provide a fleeting escape from painful feelings, but it also opens the door to a host of mental health struggles and leads to a growing cycle of drinking followed by despair. 

Let’s begin by defining alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts as separate conditions before exploring their relationship with each other.

  • Alcohol misuse is an umbrella term 
referring to problematic drinking that 
results in difficulties with health, work, 
finances, social bonds, and relationships. Alcohol misuse includes behaviors like
binge drinking (drinking too much at 
once), chronic heavy drinking, or drinking to cope (using alcohol to deal with stress, anxiety, or physical conditions). 
  • Suicidal thoughts or ideations refer to persistent thoughts about suicide. These thoughts can range from a momentary consideration to detailed planning, and they signal our distressed mental state.

Unfortunately, these conditions go hand-in-hand, amplifying each other and creating a vicious negative feedback loop.

Making the Connection 

Unfortunately, suicidal thoughts are incredibly common, and recent research has painted a concerning picture.

  • A 2015 survey reported that 9.8 million American adults thought seriously about suicide during the past 12 months, and of them, 2.7 million made plans and 1.4 million made nonfatal attempts.

  • Young adults aged 18 to 25 were more likely than adults in other age groups to have serious thoughts of suicide, to have made suicide plans, or to have attempted suicide (Piscopo and Lipari, 2016).

  • Several recent studies point to alcohol being a predominant factor when suicidal ideations happen after drinking episodes Schaffer et al., 2008; Klimkiewicz et al., 2012).

  • A more recent study by Ledden et al. (2022) provided further insight into the connection between alcohol and suicide by identifying that alcohol dependence symptoms and binge drinking were both associated with increased occurrence of suicidal ideations, suicide attempts, and completed suicides.

There’s no doubt that alcohol plays a role in a sizable proportion of suicidal ideations and subsequent attempts, some of which are fatal. But what other factors are at play here? 


Underlying Factors Associated With Alcohol Use and Suicide

Alcohol misuse and suicide are both extremely complex topics — many factors determine our mental health and our tendency to cope with substances. Let’s explore a few.


Mental Health Conditions


Although there is no single cause of suicidal thoughts, there is considerable research recognizing the link between alcohol and mental health conditions in general. For many people with mental health conditions, using alcohol as a form of self-medication is a common coping mechanism. For some, it’s a replacement for medical treatment, while for others, it temporarily alleviates their symptoms even while being treated.

The following are mental health disorders most commonly linked with alcohol misuse and dependence:

  • Depressive disorders. Al-Sadi et al. (2015) found that 21.1% of people diagnosed with depression reported excessive alcohol use.

  • Anxiety disorders. That same study by Al-Sadi et al. reported that 21% of those diagnosed with anxiety reported excessive alcohol use, with males reporting it more frequently than females.

  • Bipolar disorder. Potash et al. (2000) found those with both alcohol use disorder and bipolar disorder reported a higher rate of attempted suicide among family members. When explaining this association, the researchers suggested that people’s propensity toward suicidal behaviors (including suicidal thoughts) is likely grounded in a genetic origin and influenced by the presence of alcohol and emotional instability during youth.

Let’s now explore how different medications interact. Given the prominent role alcohol plays in suicidal thoughts and behaviors, the potential for harm increases when it is mixed with other drugs. 

Medications

When taking certain medications (including OTC meds), we need to be cautious of their interactions with other drugs — including alcohol. Adverse effects and warnings are listed on medications’ labels, and alcohol is often included.

When mixed with certain medications, alcohol can have serious adverse effects. This is especially true when it comes to drugs used to treat mental health conditions. The following drug types are noted to have possible negative effects when consuming alcohol:

  • Antidepressants. Mixing alcohol with antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or tricyclic antidepressants can increase sedation and worsen drowsiness.
  • Benzodiazepines. Medications like diazepam or alprazolam, often used to treat anxiety disorders, should not be combined with alcohol as both substances depress the central nervous system. Mixing the two can lead to excessive sedation and respiratory depression.
  • Antipsychotics. Drugs prescribed for conditions like schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (such as olanzapine or clozapine) can interact adversely with alcohol, intensifying drowsiness and impairing cognitive function.
  • Mood stabilizers. Alcohol reduces the effectiveness of medications like lithium or valproic acid, which are used to manage mood disorders. Mixing alcohol with mood stabilizers increases the risk of the drugs’ side effects and toxicity.

The bottom line is that if we are taking medication for a psychiatric condition, alcohol can negatively affect our symptoms, reduce the effectiveness of our medication, and exacerbate suicidal thoughts.


Genetics


There is reason to believe that genetics play a role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors, especially when alcohol and mental disorders are involved. 

Suicide risk is estimated to be 17%−55% attributable to genetic factors. This tracks with findings that other psychiatric conditions are also theorized to have genetic components, including depression, psychosis, autism, and alcohol use disorder.

Why, exactly, is alcohol a trigger for these things, and who is most at risk for this response? Read on to learn how alcohol may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior. 


Alcohol as a Trigger


Although alcohol alone doesn’t cause suicidal thoughts — it can trigger them. How, exactly?

  • Impaired judgment. Alcohol impairs our judgment and may cause us to think or act against our best interest. For those of us who are struggling with difficult situations or who are being treated for mental health conditions, impaired judgment caused by drinking too much increases the likelihood of acting on suicidal thoughts.
  • Depressant effects. Alcohol is classified as a depressant. Even though it initially makes us feel happy or energized, it slows down communication between the nerve cells in our brains. Poor nerve cell communication leads to slow reflexes, poor coordination, and a slowdown in our mental and physical processes.



    As a depressant, alcohol also affects our mood in different ways. For those of us struggling with depression or other mental disorders, alcohol can intensify feelings of hopelessness and despair, contributing to suicidal thoughts and ideations.

This response to alcohol isn’t just a rare phenomenon; it happens all the time, even to celebrities.

The Case of Robin Williams

Robin Williams passed away on August 11, 2014, at age 63. He was a beloved comedian and four-time Oscar nominee, and he suffered from chronic depression and alcohol abuse.

From the late 1970s until the early 1980s, Robin Williams was also addicted to cocaine, which he eventually gave up after a friend’s death from a cocaine overdose. Shortly after his recovery, he was diagnosed with major depression — a condition that followed him until his death. Although he stopped using cocaine, Robin Williams continued to struggle with alcohol misuse, despite several stints in treatment centers.

The results of Robin Williams’ autopsy showed no drugs or other substances present at the time of his death. However, Tohid (2016) concluded that alcohol, along with his depression, were two major contributors to his suicide.

The case of Robin Williams sadly illustrates how alcohol abuse can play a role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Research shows that quitting and cutting back on alcohol improves our mental health when coupled with professional care.

Risk Factors

Alcohol’s role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors is complex. It includes a web of risk factors ranging from underlying mental health conditions to the cyclical nature of alcohol misuse and the many social elements intertwined within. The following are some of the risk factors associated with higher risk of suicidal behaviors:

  • Mental health conditions. Those with pre-existing depression or anxiety disorders are more vulnerable to the depressive effects of alcohol. The cyclical nature of bipolar disorder (from mania to depression) is often amplified by alcohol, leading to more extreme mood swings and increased suicidal ideation.
  • History of childhood trauma. Persons with a history of childhood trauma sometimes experience symptoms of PTSD, such as anxiety or flashbacks. Many turn to alcohol as a way to cope with these symptoms.
  • Social isolation. The effects of alcohol misuse often exacerbate existing feelings of loneliness and isolation, creating a negative feedback loop.
  • Family history. A family history of AUD or mental health issues can contribute to an individual's predisposition to both alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts.
  • Chronic illness or pain. Some of us cope with chronic illnesses and physical pain by using alcohol as a form of self-medication.

These risk factors create a breeding ground for suicidal thoughts. If too many come together, some of us may be in a dangerous place. However, stopping or reducing drinking can also keep a suicide-prone person safer by preventing them from carrying out actions they might not consider while not under the influence.

Tips for Helping People Experiencing Suicidal Thoughts

Warning Signs

Let’s examine some warning signs that may signal a heightened suicide risk. Remember that if you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States).

  • Behavioral changes. People struggling with suicidal thoughts typically show changes in their behavior. One of those changes could be increased alcohol consumption. A suicidal person may also withdraw from friends and family and isolate themselves.
  • Emotional indicators. Expressing feelings of hopelessness and despair, displaying extreme mood swings, or believing that things will never improve can indicate that a person is having suicidal thoughts.
  • Neglect of responsibilities. Neglecting responsibilities and declining performance at work or school may indicate underlying distress, which can lead to suicidal thoughts and ideations.
  • Changes in sleep patterns. Disturbed sleep patterns (either insomnia or an excessive need to sleep) can be both a cause and a consequence of alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts.
  • Giving away possessions. People struggling with suicidal thoughts sometimes react by disposing of their personal belongings. A gesture like this may indicate a sense of finality and detachment and is considered a serious warning sign of suicide.

Awareness of these risk factors and warning signs is crucial for early intervention. If you notice these signs in yourself or someone else, seek professional help promptly by dialing 988 in the United States or your local emergency hotline.

Prevention and Support

The fallout from losing a family member, friend, or acquaintance to suicide is dramatic and widespread. The best way to support someone struggling is to stay educated about warning signs. Prevention begins by understanding the multifaceted factors behind suicide and the influence of alcohol. 


  • Eliminate mental health stigma. Mental health stigma is old news, and it should stay in the past. Developing an open and honest cultural conversation about mental health is the first step to creating an environment where people feel comfortable seeking help. Be clear with friends and family that it’s safe for them to share with you (as long as you can listen). 
  • Increase awareness and education. Education raises awareness about the link between alcohol and suicidal thoughts by emphasizing the importance of moderation, responsible drinking, and seeking help when needed. 
  • Access to mental health resources. People struggling with alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts require early intervention, and everyone should have easy access to mental healthcare and support networks. At the individual level, we can create a supportive environment by expressing our support to friends and loved ones. 
  • Screening and intervention programs. Early intervention programs in healthcare settings help identify at-risk individuals before they are at serious risk of self-harm.
  • Follow-up for suicide-prone individuals with AUD. Since alcohol misuse is largely associated with suicidal ideations and behaviors, having access to AUD programs can address both problems. 

Effective preventive and support initiatives should be based on a holistic approach that combines mental health awareness, accessible resources, and compassionate support. These programs are crucial to preventing the emergence and escalation of suicidal thoughts linked to alcohol misuse.


How We Can Help 


Starting a conversation with a loved one about alcohol and suicidal thoughts is never easy. It requires empathy, patience, and a nonjudgmental approach. Here are several tips on approaching the topic, expressing concern, and empowering them to seek help:

  • Express empathy and understanding. Let your loved one know you care about their well-being and avoid judgment or dismissive remarks. Be kind and tell them you’re there to listen without trying to solve the problem.
  • Ask direct questions. It’s probably awkward and uncomfortable, but ask direct, open-ended questions about their feelings. Encourage them to share their thoughts and emotions and listen actively without interrupting. Asking direct questions creates a space for them to express themselves honestly.
  • Avoid minimizing their feelings. Refrain from minimizing or trivializing their struggles. Acknowledge the validity of their emotions and let them know it's okay to feel the way they do. Avoid phrases like "it's not that bad" or "you'll get over it," as this invalidates their experiences.
  • Encourage professional help. Empower them to seek professional help without being accusatory or dismissive. Emphasize that mental health professionals are trained to provide support and guidance, but expect some resistance to your suggestion. Help your loved one over this hump by offering to assist in finding a therapist, counselor, or helpline (if you have the capacity). Reinforce that seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness.

  • Prioritize your well-being. You are not responsible for other people’s emotions. Don’t take on so much emotional burden that your well-being suffers.
  • Stay connected and follow up. Suicidal thoughts can be overwhelming, and ongoing support is crucial. Stay connected with your friend or loved one through regular check-ins to remind them that you care — and that they are not alone.

A Final Thought

Alcohol misuse and suicide are two complex, heavy, and emotionally taxing topics. Fortunately, there is hope for overcoming both of these circumstances. If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States). Click here for a list by country.

Note: If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States). Click here for a list by country.

Life is full of ups and downs. There are moments of joy and laughter, shared experiences with our loved ones, and times when we experience sadness, disappointment, and frustration. Having this mix of feelings is perfectly normal — and part of life. But for some, feelings of despair and extreme sadness overshadow the good things. Without professional help, these feelings can become difficult to cope with.

asian-woman-drink-vodka-alone

When feelings of depression become overwhelming, some of us turn to self-medication, and alcohol is a common choice. While alcohol’s short-term effects offer relief from emotional pain, it only makes things worse in the long run. Alcohol misuse has serious physical, mental, and social consequences, one of which is suicide.

Let’s delve into the intricate link between alcohol and suicidal behaviors or thoughts and shed some light on this sensitive topic.

Defining the Issues

Having a drink may seem like a good way to relax, but alcohol can become a double-edged sword when misused. Alcohol may provide a fleeting escape from painful feelings, but it also opens the door to a host of mental health struggles and leads to a growing cycle of drinking followed by despair. 

Let’s begin by defining alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts as separate conditions before exploring their relationship with each other.

  • Alcohol misuse is an umbrella term 
referring to problematic drinking that 
results in difficulties with health, work, 
finances, social bonds, and relationships. Alcohol misuse includes behaviors like
binge drinking (drinking too much at 
once), chronic heavy drinking, or drinking to cope (using alcohol to deal with stress, anxiety, or physical conditions). 
  • Suicidal thoughts or ideations refer to persistent thoughts about suicide. These thoughts can range from a momentary consideration to detailed planning, and they signal our distressed mental state.

Unfortunately, these conditions go hand-in-hand, amplifying each other and creating a vicious negative feedback loop.

Making the Connection 

Unfortunately, suicidal thoughts are incredibly common, and recent research has painted a concerning picture.

  • A 2015 survey reported that 9.8 million American adults thought seriously about suicide during the past 12 months, and of them, 2.7 million made plans and 1.4 million made nonfatal attempts.

  • Young adults aged 18 to 25 were more likely than adults in other age groups to have serious thoughts of suicide, to have made suicide plans, or to have attempted suicide (Piscopo and Lipari, 2016).

  • Several recent studies point to alcohol being a predominant factor when suicidal ideations happen after drinking episodes Schaffer et al., 2008; Klimkiewicz et al., 2012).

  • A more recent study by Ledden et al. (2022) provided further insight into the connection between alcohol and suicide by identifying that alcohol dependence symptoms and binge drinking were both associated with increased occurrence of suicidal ideations, suicide attempts, and completed suicides.

There’s no doubt that alcohol plays a role in a sizable proportion of suicidal ideations and subsequent attempts, some of which are fatal. But what other factors are at play here? 


Underlying Factors Associated With Alcohol Use and Suicide

Alcohol misuse and suicide are both extremely complex topics — many factors determine our mental health and our tendency to cope with substances. Let’s explore a few.


Mental Health Conditions


Although there is no single cause of suicidal thoughts, there is considerable research recognizing the link between alcohol and mental health conditions in general. For many people with mental health conditions, using alcohol as a form of self-medication is a common coping mechanism. For some, it’s a replacement for medical treatment, while for others, it temporarily alleviates their symptoms even while being treated.

The following are mental health disorders most commonly linked with alcohol misuse and dependence:

  • Depressive disorders. Al-Sadi et al. (2015) found that 21.1% of people diagnosed with depression reported excessive alcohol use.

  • Anxiety disorders. That same study by Al-Sadi et al. reported that 21% of those diagnosed with anxiety reported excessive alcohol use, with males reporting it more frequently than females.

  • Bipolar disorder. Potash et al. (2000) found those with both alcohol use disorder and bipolar disorder reported a higher rate of attempted suicide among family members. When explaining this association, the researchers suggested that people’s propensity toward suicidal behaviors (including suicidal thoughts) is likely grounded in a genetic origin and influenced by the presence of alcohol and emotional instability during youth.

Let’s now explore how different medications interact. Given the prominent role alcohol plays in suicidal thoughts and behaviors, the potential for harm increases when it is mixed with other drugs. 

Medications

When taking certain medications (including OTC meds), we need to be cautious of their interactions with other drugs — including alcohol. Adverse effects and warnings are listed on medications’ labels, and alcohol is often included.

When mixed with certain medications, alcohol can have serious adverse effects. This is especially true when it comes to drugs used to treat mental health conditions. The following drug types are noted to have possible negative effects when consuming alcohol:

  • Antidepressants. Mixing alcohol with antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or tricyclic antidepressants can increase sedation and worsen drowsiness.
  • Benzodiazepines. Medications like diazepam or alprazolam, often used to treat anxiety disorders, should not be combined with alcohol as both substances depress the central nervous system. Mixing the two can lead to excessive sedation and respiratory depression.
  • Antipsychotics. Drugs prescribed for conditions like schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (such as olanzapine or clozapine) can interact adversely with alcohol, intensifying drowsiness and impairing cognitive function.
  • Mood stabilizers. Alcohol reduces the effectiveness of medications like lithium or valproic acid, which are used to manage mood disorders. Mixing alcohol with mood stabilizers increases the risk of the drugs’ side effects and toxicity.

The bottom line is that if we are taking medication for a psychiatric condition, alcohol can negatively affect our symptoms, reduce the effectiveness of our medication, and exacerbate suicidal thoughts.


Genetics


There is reason to believe that genetics play a role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors, especially when alcohol and mental disorders are involved. 

Suicide risk is estimated to be 17%−55% attributable to genetic factors. This tracks with findings that other psychiatric conditions are also theorized to have genetic components, including depression, psychosis, autism, and alcohol use disorder.

Why, exactly, is alcohol a trigger for these things, and who is most at risk for this response? Read on to learn how alcohol may increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behavior. 


Alcohol as a Trigger


Although alcohol alone doesn’t cause suicidal thoughts — it can trigger them. How, exactly?

  • Impaired judgment. Alcohol impairs our judgment and may cause us to think or act against our best interest. For those of us who are struggling with difficult situations or who are being treated for mental health conditions, impaired judgment caused by drinking too much increases the likelihood of acting on suicidal thoughts.
  • Depressant effects. Alcohol is classified as a depressant. Even though it initially makes us feel happy or energized, it slows down communication between the nerve cells in our brains. Poor nerve cell communication leads to slow reflexes, poor coordination, and a slowdown in our mental and physical processes.



    As a depressant, alcohol also affects our mood in different ways. For those of us struggling with depression or other mental disorders, alcohol can intensify feelings of hopelessness and despair, contributing to suicidal thoughts and ideations.

This response to alcohol isn’t just a rare phenomenon; it happens all the time, even to celebrities.

The Case of Robin Williams

Robin Williams passed away on August 11, 2014, at age 63. He was a beloved comedian and four-time Oscar nominee, and he suffered from chronic depression and alcohol abuse.

From the late 1970s until the early 1980s, Robin Williams was also addicted to cocaine, which he eventually gave up after a friend’s death from a cocaine overdose. Shortly after his recovery, he was diagnosed with major depression — a condition that followed him until his death. Although he stopped using cocaine, Robin Williams continued to struggle with alcohol misuse, despite several stints in treatment centers.

The results of Robin Williams’ autopsy showed no drugs or other substances present at the time of his death. However, Tohid (2016) concluded that alcohol, along with his depression, were two major contributors to his suicide.

The case of Robin Williams sadly illustrates how alcohol abuse can play a role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Research shows that quitting and cutting back on alcohol improves our mental health when coupled with professional care.

Risk Factors

Alcohol’s role in suicidal thoughts and behaviors is complex. It includes a web of risk factors ranging from underlying mental health conditions to the cyclical nature of alcohol misuse and the many social elements intertwined within. The following are some of the risk factors associated with higher risk of suicidal behaviors:

  • Mental health conditions. Those with pre-existing depression or anxiety disorders are more vulnerable to the depressive effects of alcohol. The cyclical nature of bipolar disorder (from mania to depression) is often amplified by alcohol, leading to more extreme mood swings and increased suicidal ideation.
  • History of childhood trauma. Persons with a history of childhood trauma sometimes experience symptoms of PTSD, such as anxiety or flashbacks. Many turn to alcohol as a way to cope with these symptoms.
  • Social isolation. The effects of alcohol misuse often exacerbate existing feelings of loneliness and isolation, creating a negative feedback loop.
  • Family history. A family history of AUD or mental health issues can contribute to an individual's predisposition to both alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts.
  • Chronic illness or pain. Some of us cope with chronic illnesses and physical pain by using alcohol as a form of self-medication.

These risk factors create a breeding ground for suicidal thoughts. If too many come together, some of us may be in a dangerous place. However, stopping or reducing drinking can also keep a suicide-prone person safer by preventing them from carrying out actions they might not consider while not under the influence.

Tips for Helping People Experiencing Suicidal Thoughts

Warning Signs

Let’s examine some warning signs that may signal a heightened suicide risk. Remember that if you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States).

  • Behavioral changes. People struggling with suicidal thoughts typically show changes in their behavior. One of those changes could be increased alcohol consumption. A suicidal person may also withdraw from friends and family and isolate themselves.
  • Emotional indicators. Expressing feelings of hopelessness and despair, displaying extreme mood swings, or believing that things will never improve can indicate that a person is having suicidal thoughts.
  • Neglect of responsibilities. Neglecting responsibilities and declining performance at work or school may indicate underlying distress, which can lead to suicidal thoughts and ideations.
  • Changes in sleep patterns. Disturbed sleep patterns (either insomnia or an excessive need to sleep) can be both a cause and a consequence of alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts.
  • Giving away possessions. People struggling with suicidal thoughts sometimes react by disposing of their personal belongings. A gesture like this may indicate a sense of finality and detachment and is considered a serious warning sign of suicide.

Awareness of these risk factors and warning signs is crucial for early intervention. If you notice these signs in yourself or someone else, seek professional help promptly by dialing 988 in the United States or your local emergency hotline.

Prevention and Support

The fallout from losing a family member, friend, or acquaintance to suicide is dramatic and widespread. The best way to support someone struggling is to stay educated about warning signs. Prevention begins by understanding the multifaceted factors behind suicide and the influence of alcohol. 


  • Eliminate mental health stigma. Mental health stigma is old news, and it should stay in the past. Developing an open and honest cultural conversation about mental health is the first step to creating an environment where people feel comfortable seeking help. Be clear with friends and family that it’s safe for them to share with you (as long as you can listen). 
  • Increase awareness and education. Education raises awareness about the link between alcohol and suicidal thoughts by emphasizing the importance of moderation, responsible drinking, and seeking help when needed. 
  • Access to mental health resources. People struggling with alcohol misuse and suicidal thoughts require early intervention, and everyone should have easy access to mental healthcare and support networks. At the individual level, we can create a supportive environment by expressing our support to friends and loved ones. 
  • Screening and intervention programs. Early intervention programs in healthcare settings help identify at-risk individuals before they are at serious risk of self-harm.
  • Follow-up for suicide-prone individuals with AUD. Since alcohol misuse is largely associated with suicidal ideations and behaviors, having access to AUD programs can address both problems. 

Effective preventive and support initiatives should be based on a holistic approach that combines mental health awareness, accessible resources, and compassionate support. These programs are crucial to preventing the emergence and escalation of suicidal thoughts linked to alcohol misuse.


How We Can Help 


Starting a conversation with a loved one about alcohol and suicidal thoughts is never easy. It requires empathy, patience, and a nonjudgmental approach. Here are several tips on approaching the topic, expressing concern, and empowering them to seek help:

  • Express empathy and understanding. Let your loved one know you care about their well-being and avoid judgment or dismissive remarks. Be kind and tell them you’re there to listen without trying to solve the problem.
  • Ask direct questions. It’s probably awkward and uncomfortable, but ask direct, open-ended questions about their feelings. Encourage them to share their thoughts and emotions and listen actively without interrupting. Asking direct questions creates a space for them to express themselves honestly.
  • Avoid minimizing their feelings. Refrain from minimizing or trivializing their struggles. Acknowledge the validity of their emotions and let them know it's okay to feel the way they do. Avoid phrases like "it's not that bad" or "you'll get over it," as this invalidates their experiences.
  • Encourage professional help. Empower them to seek professional help without being accusatory or dismissive. Emphasize that mental health professionals are trained to provide support and guidance, but expect some resistance to your suggestion. Help your loved one over this hump by offering to assist in finding a therapist, counselor, or helpline (if you have the capacity). Reinforce that seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness.

  • Prioritize your well-being. You are not responsible for other people’s emotions. Don’t take on so much emotional burden that your well-being suffers.
  • Stay connected and follow up. Suicidal thoughts can be overwhelming, and ongoing support is crucial. Stay connected with your friend or loved one through regular check-ins to remind them that you care — and that they are not alone.

A Final Thought

Alcohol misuse and suicide are two complex, heavy, and emotionally taxing topics. Fortunately, there is hope for overcoming both of these circumstances. If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts or is in crisis, call your local emergency number or mental health crisis hotline (911 or 988 in the United States). Click here for a list by country.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-02-14 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Why Does Alcohol Make You Dizzy?
This is some text inside of a div block.

Why does alcohol leave your head spinning? Discover the science behind booze-related dizziness in our latest blog! From inner ear troubles to dehydration dilemmas, get clued in on what's really going on.

18 min read

Ready To Feel Steady on Your Feet and Leave Alcohol Behind? Try Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today! 

Read Full Article  →

Have you ever been at a party, had a few too many drinks, and suddenly felt the world start spinning around you? It's probably not the room — it's the alcohol! That spinning sensation is a legitimate physical response and a common symptom after drinking a bit too much, and it can also happen after you lie down (hello, bed spins!). But why does alcohol make you dizzy? And how can we get rid of dizziness after drinking? Let's explore the science to find the answers.

Into the Inner Ear

The inner ear acts as the body's level, ensuring we can stand upright and know which way is up. It houses the so-called vestibular system — a fluid-filled labyrinth of canals and chambers lined with thousands of tiny hair cells that detect head movements and send signals to the brain. When everything functions correctly, we feel balanced and stable: the hair cells detect the slightest changes in our head's position and movement, send this information as electrical signals to our brain, and help us keep our equilibrium.

However, alcohol interferes with this system by diluting the fluid in the inner ear. As this fluid becomes less dense, the motion-detecting hairs within the ear become more sensitive. The result? The signals from the inner ear to the brain become slower and less precise. The brain receives a confusing message, and we feel like we’re on a merry-go-round as our sense of balance is thrown off.

It's worth noting that this effect is temporary. As alcohol levels drop, the fluid in the inner ear returns to its normal state, and balance is typically restored.

After a night of drinking, however, we might wake up and still feel the world spinning a bit — a sensation known as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Tiny calcium particles in the inner ear can become dislodged due to alcohol's influence, leading to short episodes of dizziness when we move our head in certain positions.

Moreover, the disorienting sensation isn’t just about feeling dizzy for a while — it can have real consequences. This imbalance can lead to stumbles and falls, putting us at risk of injury, especially if we find ourselves in unfamiliar environments.

Brain Blunders and the Spins

In addition to disrupting the balance mechanism in the inner ear, alcohol directly affects the brain, impacting the cerebellum — the region responsible for balance and coordination. While the cerebellum doesn't initiate movement, it's instrumental in making our motions smooth and coordinated. Imagine reaching for a glass of water: the cerebellum ensures our hands move fluidly, without overshooting or missing the target. Likewise, it helps us walk without veering off course and adjust our posture to avoid tripping or falling.

Alcohol disrupts the cerebellum's functioning, leading to poor coordination, unsteady movements, and — you guessed it! — dizziness. Here’s what happens in more detail:

  • Impaired motor skills. Movements requiring finesse, such as picking up a glass or tying our shoes, become more challenging.
  • Unsteady gait. Our walk might become more unsteady or staggering, increasing the risk of stumbling or falling.
  • Dizziness. As the cerebellum struggles to process information accurately, we may feel disoriented or dizzy. It's not just the world around us that seems unstable — our connection to and understanding of our own body in space is off-kilter.

Blood Pressure Glitches

Another reason alcohol might give us the spins? Blood pressure fluctuations. 

Blood pressure measures the force of blood against the walls of our arteries as our heart pumps it around the body. It's represented by two numbers: systolic (the higher number, representing the force of our heartbeat) and diastolic (the lower number, representing the force when our heart rests between beats).

Alcohol is a depressant that slows the nervous system and causes blood vessels to expand, leading to decreased blood pressure. When blood pressure drops suddenly, it can lead to lightheadedness and dizziness, especially when first standing up from a seated or lying position.

When our blood pressure drops due to alcohol, a few things can happen:

  • Reduced blood flow to the brain. A sudden dip in blood pressure can momentarily reduce the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the brain, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness.
  • Orthostatic hypotension. A fancy term that simply means we might feel dizzy when we stand up too quickly. Alcohol-induced blood pressure changes can exaggerate this phenomenon, making us feel like we’re on an elevator ride when we’re just getting out of a chair. This is also why sometimes we might get dizzy after laying down.
  • Increased fall risk. With dizziness comes a heightened risk of tripping, stumbling, or falling, especially if we’re moving quickly or navigating tricky terrains.

Finding Equilibrium: Don’t Let the Spins Get the Best of You

Awareness is pivotal. If you choose to consume alcohol, it's essential to know its potential effects on your blood pressure. Here are a couple of pointers:

  1. Mind your movements. If you’ve had a drink, take your time when standing up. Gradual movements can help your body adjust and reduce dizziness.

  2. Stay informed. If you're on blood pressure medication or have a history of heart conditions, it's always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional about alcohol's potential impacts on your body.

Dehydration Dilemmas

Alcohol has a tricky relationship with our body's hydration levels, and it can lead to a parched feeling and dehydration-related dizziness. Before we tackle alcohol’s role, though, let’s review what dehydration means. 

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in — an imbalance that leaves the body without enough water and other fluids to function correctly. Symptoms can range from mild thirst and dry skin to severe complications.

Alcohol acts as a diuretic: it promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. Sounds harmless, right? But when we’re constantly running to the restroom after a few drinks, we’re rapidly losing fluids, making it hard for the body to keep up with its hydration needs.

When dehydration intensifies, a domino effect follows, leading to dizziness:

  • Reduced blood volume. As we lose fluids, the volume of our blood decreases. This means our heart has to work harder at pumping the lower supply to ensure every part of the body gets the oxygen and nutrients it needs.
  • Drop in blood pressure. Reduced blood volume can lead to lowered blood pressure, causing dizziness.
  • Reduced oxygen flow to the brain. With the heart working overtime and a dip in blood pressure, the brain might not get its regular, consistent flow of oxygen-rich blood, leading to light-headedness or dizziness.

Cognitive Misfires

While not dizziness in the traditional sense, alcohol impairs our cognitive abilities. This cognitive impairment can lead to disorientation, which can feel like dizziness. Booze clouds our judgment, slows our reaction time, and impacts our decision-making abilities — all of which can make us feel unsteady on our feet.

Understanding the Causes of Dizziness from Alcohol Consumption

Why Does Everyone React Differently?

Just as every person is unique, so is our response to alcohol. Several factors can influence how dizzy we get:

  • Tolerance. The more frequently we drink, the more our body gets used to alcohol, reducing dizziness. However, this isn't an excuse to drink more! Higher tolerance can lead to other health problems.
  • Body weight. In general, people who weigh less can feel the effects of booze — including dizziness — more quickly.
  • Hydration and food. Drinking on an empty stomach or when dehydrated can intensify alcohol’s effects. It’s always a good idea to hydrate with water and have a bite to eat before a night out!
  • Genetics. Some people might have a genetic disposition that makes them more sensitive to alcohol's effects.

The Spins Beyond the Bottle

Feeling dizzy after a few drinks is one thing, but what if that spinning sensation lingers or feels more intense than usual? While occasional dizziness from drinking can be explained by the factors we've discussed, it's important to recognize when it might be a red flag for something more serious. 

Dizziness can be a symptom of various conditions unrelated to alcohol:

  • Ear infections or disorders. Conditions like labyrinthitis or Meniere’s disease can interfere with the inner ear, causing dizziness.
  • Migraines. For some people, migraines aren't just debilitating headaches. They can also cause vertigo or dizziness.
  • Medications. Dizziness is a side effect of some drugs. Mixing alcohol with certain medications can amplify this effect or introduce new symptoms.
  • Low blood sugar. Dizziness can be a sign of hypoglycemia, especially in people with diabetes.
  • Anxiety disorders. Conditions such as generalized anxiety or panic disorder can manifest with physical symptoms, including dizziness.

When To Worry: Spotting the Red Flags

If we’re experiencing any of the following in addition to dizziness, it might be time to consult a medical professional:

  • Persistent symptoms. If the dizziness continues long after alcohol has left our system, it could indicate another underlying issue.
  • Severe headache. A sudden, intense headache paired with dizziness can be alarming, and it could even be a sign of a stroke.
  • Chest pain or palpitations. Dizziness accompanied by chest discomfort or irregular heartbeats needs immediate medical attention.
  • Nausea or vomiting. Occasional nausea might be par for the course with heavy drinking, but if it's persistent and coupled with dizziness, it’s concerning.
  • Fainting. If dizziness leads to loss of consciousness — even briefly — it’s important to seek medical advice.
  • Difficulty walking or using arms. Any unexplained coordination issues coupled with dizziness warrant a closer look.
  • Change in hearing or vision. If dizziness is paired with sudden hearing loss or vision changes, it could signal an inner ear problem or other serious conditions.

Dizziness might seem like a fleeting inconvenience, but it's our body's way of waving a red flag. While alcohol-induced dizziness can be temporary and harmless, it's crucial to recognize when it might be hinting at something deeper. Trust your body, listen to its cues, and when in doubt, always seek professional advice. Safety first!

Avoid the Spin: 7 Steps To Stop Spinning After Drinking

If you're on a journey to quit or cut back on alcohol, these steps will show you how to get rid of dizziness after drinking while supporting your overall well-being.

  • Stay hydrated. Alcohol is dehydrating. By drinking water alongside alcoholic beverages, you can help counteract this effect and reduce the chances of dizziness.
  • Eat before you drink. A full stomach can slow the absorption of alcohol, lessening its immediate impacts, including dizziness.
  • Mindful moderation. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation. The less alcohol you consume, the less likely you are to experience dizziness.
  • Get up slowly. If you've been sitting or lying down, stand up slowly to prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure, which can make dizziness worse.
  • Limit drinks with high alcohol content. Opting for beverages with lower alcohol content reduces the overall amount of alcohol you're consuming.
  • Rest and recuperate. If you're feeling dizzy after drinking, it's important to rest and avoid activities that require coordination, such as driving.
  • Seek support. If you're trying to cut back or quit drinking, consider joining a support group or seeking counseling. The journey is more comfortable with a supportive community by your side.

Summing Up

While dizziness might seem like just another side effect of drinking, understanding the science behind it can be empowering, especially for those looking to reduce or quit their alcohol consumption. In addition to learning how to stop spinning when feeling a bit drunk, we can also see alcohol-related dizziness as a sign that maybe it’s time to reexamine our relationship with booze. Knowledge and actionable steps can help us walk our path to wellness with confidence!

Have you ever been at a party, had a few too many drinks, and suddenly felt the world start spinning around you? It's probably not the room — it's the alcohol! That spinning sensation is a legitimate physical response and a common symptom after drinking a bit too much, and it can also happen after you lie down (hello, bed spins!). But why does alcohol make you dizzy? And how can we get rid of dizziness after drinking? Let's explore the science to find the answers.

Into the Inner Ear

The inner ear acts as the body's level, ensuring we can stand upright and know which way is up. It houses the so-called vestibular system — a fluid-filled labyrinth of canals and chambers lined with thousands of tiny hair cells that detect head movements and send signals to the brain. When everything functions correctly, we feel balanced and stable: the hair cells detect the slightest changes in our head's position and movement, send this information as electrical signals to our brain, and help us keep our equilibrium.

However, alcohol interferes with this system by diluting the fluid in the inner ear. As this fluid becomes less dense, the motion-detecting hairs within the ear become more sensitive. The result? The signals from the inner ear to the brain become slower and less precise. The brain receives a confusing message, and we feel like we’re on a merry-go-round as our sense of balance is thrown off.

It's worth noting that this effect is temporary. As alcohol levels drop, the fluid in the inner ear returns to its normal state, and balance is typically restored.

After a night of drinking, however, we might wake up and still feel the world spinning a bit — a sensation known as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Tiny calcium particles in the inner ear can become dislodged due to alcohol's influence, leading to short episodes of dizziness when we move our head in certain positions.

Moreover, the disorienting sensation isn’t just about feeling dizzy for a while — it can have real consequences. This imbalance can lead to stumbles and falls, putting us at risk of injury, especially if we find ourselves in unfamiliar environments.

Brain Blunders and the Spins

In addition to disrupting the balance mechanism in the inner ear, alcohol directly affects the brain, impacting the cerebellum — the region responsible for balance and coordination. While the cerebellum doesn't initiate movement, it's instrumental in making our motions smooth and coordinated. Imagine reaching for a glass of water: the cerebellum ensures our hands move fluidly, without overshooting or missing the target. Likewise, it helps us walk without veering off course and adjust our posture to avoid tripping or falling.

Alcohol disrupts the cerebellum's functioning, leading to poor coordination, unsteady movements, and — you guessed it! — dizziness. Here’s what happens in more detail:

  • Impaired motor skills. Movements requiring finesse, such as picking up a glass or tying our shoes, become more challenging.
  • Unsteady gait. Our walk might become more unsteady or staggering, increasing the risk of stumbling or falling.
  • Dizziness. As the cerebellum struggles to process information accurately, we may feel disoriented or dizzy. It's not just the world around us that seems unstable — our connection to and understanding of our own body in space is off-kilter.

Blood Pressure Glitches

Another reason alcohol might give us the spins? Blood pressure fluctuations. 

Blood pressure measures the force of blood against the walls of our arteries as our heart pumps it around the body. It's represented by two numbers: systolic (the higher number, representing the force of our heartbeat) and diastolic (the lower number, representing the force when our heart rests between beats).

Alcohol is a depressant that slows the nervous system and causes blood vessels to expand, leading to decreased blood pressure. When blood pressure drops suddenly, it can lead to lightheadedness and dizziness, especially when first standing up from a seated or lying position.

When our blood pressure drops due to alcohol, a few things can happen:

  • Reduced blood flow to the brain. A sudden dip in blood pressure can momentarily reduce the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the brain, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness.
  • Orthostatic hypotension. A fancy term that simply means we might feel dizzy when we stand up too quickly. Alcohol-induced blood pressure changes can exaggerate this phenomenon, making us feel like we’re on an elevator ride when we’re just getting out of a chair. This is also why sometimes we might get dizzy after laying down.
  • Increased fall risk. With dizziness comes a heightened risk of tripping, stumbling, or falling, especially if we’re moving quickly or navigating tricky terrains.

Finding Equilibrium: Don’t Let the Spins Get the Best of You

Awareness is pivotal. If you choose to consume alcohol, it's essential to know its potential effects on your blood pressure. Here are a couple of pointers:

  1. Mind your movements. If you’ve had a drink, take your time when standing up. Gradual movements can help your body adjust and reduce dizziness.

  2. Stay informed. If you're on blood pressure medication or have a history of heart conditions, it's always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional about alcohol's potential impacts on your body.

Dehydration Dilemmas

Alcohol has a tricky relationship with our body's hydration levels, and it can lead to a parched feeling and dehydration-related dizziness. Before we tackle alcohol’s role, though, let’s review what dehydration means. 

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in — an imbalance that leaves the body without enough water and other fluids to function correctly. Symptoms can range from mild thirst and dry skin to severe complications.

Alcohol acts as a diuretic: it promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. Sounds harmless, right? But when we’re constantly running to the restroom after a few drinks, we’re rapidly losing fluids, making it hard for the body to keep up with its hydration needs.

When dehydration intensifies, a domino effect follows, leading to dizziness:

  • Reduced blood volume. As we lose fluids, the volume of our blood decreases. This means our heart has to work harder at pumping the lower supply to ensure every part of the body gets the oxygen and nutrients it needs.
  • Drop in blood pressure. Reduced blood volume can lead to lowered blood pressure, causing dizziness.
  • Reduced oxygen flow to the brain. With the heart working overtime and a dip in blood pressure, the brain might not get its regular, consistent flow of oxygen-rich blood, leading to light-headedness or dizziness.

Cognitive Misfires

While not dizziness in the traditional sense, alcohol impairs our cognitive abilities. This cognitive impairment can lead to disorientation, which can feel like dizziness. Booze clouds our judgment, slows our reaction time, and impacts our decision-making abilities — all of which can make us feel unsteady on our feet.

Understanding the Causes of Dizziness from Alcohol Consumption

Why Does Everyone React Differently?

Just as every person is unique, so is our response to alcohol. Several factors can influence how dizzy we get:

  • Tolerance. The more frequently we drink, the more our body gets used to alcohol, reducing dizziness. However, this isn't an excuse to drink more! Higher tolerance can lead to other health problems.
  • Body weight. In general, people who weigh less can feel the effects of booze — including dizziness — more quickly.
  • Hydration and food. Drinking on an empty stomach or when dehydrated can intensify alcohol’s effects. It’s always a good idea to hydrate with water and have a bite to eat before a night out!
  • Genetics. Some people might have a genetic disposition that makes them more sensitive to alcohol's effects.

The Spins Beyond the Bottle

Feeling dizzy after a few drinks is one thing, but what if that spinning sensation lingers or feels more intense than usual? While occasional dizziness from drinking can be explained by the factors we've discussed, it's important to recognize when it might be a red flag for something more serious. 

Dizziness can be a symptom of various conditions unrelated to alcohol:

  • Ear infections or disorders. Conditions like labyrinthitis or Meniere’s disease can interfere with the inner ear, causing dizziness.
  • Migraines. For some people, migraines aren't just debilitating headaches. They can also cause vertigo or dizziness.
  • Medications. Dizziness is a side effect of some drugs. Mixing alcohol with certain medications can amplify this effect or introduce new symptoms.
  • Low blood sugar. Dizziness can be a sign of hypoglycemia, especially in people with diabetes.
  • Anxiety disorders. Conditions such as generalized anxiety or panic disorder can manifest with physical symptoms, including dizziness.

When To Worry: Spotting the Red Flags

If we’re experiencing any of the following in addition to dizziness, it might be time to consult a medical professional:

  • Persistent symptoms. If the dizziness continues long after alcohol has left our system, it could indicate another underlying issue.
  • Severe headache. A sudden, intense headache paired with dizziness can be alarming, and it could even be a sign of a stroke.
  • Chest pain or palpitations. Dizziness accompanied by chest discomfort or irregular heartbeats needs immediate medical attention.
  • Nausea or vomiting. Occasional nausea might be par for the course with heavy drinking, but if it's persistent and coupled with dizziness, it’s concerning.
  • Fainting. If dizziness leads to loss of consciousness — even briefly — it’s important to seek medical advice.
  • Difficulty walking or using arms. Any unexplained coordination issues coupled with dizziness warrant a closer look.
  • Change in hearing or vision. If dizziness is paired with sudden hearing loss or vision changes, it could signal an inner ear problem or other serious conditions.

Dizziness might seem like a fleeting inconvenience, but it's our body's way of waving a red flag. While alcohol-induced dizziness can be temporary and harmless, it's crucial to recognize when it might be hinting at something deeper. Trust your body, listen to its cues, and when in doubt, always seek professional advice. Safety first!

Avoid the Spin: 7 Steps To Stop Spinning After Drinking

If you're on a journey to quit or cut back on alcohol, these steps will show you how to get rid of dizziness after drinking while supporting your overall well-being.

  • Stay hydrated. Alcohol is dehydrating. By drinking water alongside alcoholic beverages, you can help counteract this effect and reduce the chances of dizziness.
  • Eat before you drink. A full stomach can slow the absorption of alcohol, lessening its immediate impacts, including dizziness.
  • Mindful moderation. If you choose to drink, do so in moderation. The less alcohol you consume, the less likely you are to experience dizziness.
  • Get up slowly. If you've been sitting or lying down, stand up slowly to prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure, which can make dizziness worse.
  • Limit drinks with high alcohol content. Opting for beverages with lower alcohol content reduces the overall amount of alcohol you're consuming.
  • Rest and recuperate. If you're feeling dizzy after drinking, it's important to rest and avoid activities that require coordination, such as driving.
  • Seek support. If you're trying to cut back or quit drinking, consider joining a support group or seeking counseling. The journey is more comfortable with a supportive community by your side.

Summing Up

While dizziness might seem like just another side effect of drinking, understanding the science behind it can be empowering, especially for those looking to reduce or quit their alcohol consumption. In addition to learning how to stop spinning when feeling a bit drunk, we can also see alcohol-related dizziness as a sign that maybe it’s time to reexamine our relationship with booze. Knowledge and actionable steps can help us walk our path to wellness with confidence!

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-02-13 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Why a Support System Is Important During Your Recovery Journey
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Dive into the science of support systems! Learn to cultivate a robust network to increase the success of your recovery and prevent relapse.

20 min read

Reduce Your Alcohol Consumption With Reframe

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today! 

Read Full Article  →

When you’re going through recovery, even little steps can seem daunting. But they don't have to be! You’re not alone in your journey toward a healthy life. Most importantly, you don’t have to face everything alone. No matter what we’re facing — work-related stress, personal hurdles, or the twists and turns of everyday life — a robust support network can be the anchor that keeps us grounded and resilient. Let’s explore why our social connections matter!

What Is a Support System? 

A support system extends beyond a mere network of acquaintances: it’s a dynamic and evolving lifeline that pushes us towards personal growth and resilience. Each of our collection of relationships serve a unique purpose in our lives. Having a robust support system offers a framework for our emotional and mental infrastructure, helping us navigate life’s challenges and uncertainties.

Types of Support Systems

From the bonds of family and the camaraderie of friends to the mentorship of colleagues, support systems come in all shapes and forms. All of these connections contribute to a mosaic of emotional, practical, and informational support. Let’s explore three different types of support systems. 

  • Emotional Support: At its core, emotional support involves the power of connection, empathy, and understanding. It’s the friend who lends a compassionate ear during moments of vulnerability or the family member who provides solace in times of distress. These relationships go beyond surface-level interactions, creating a space where emotions can be freely expressed and shared.
  • Practical Support: Practical support manifests as tangible assistance, the kind that goes beyond empathetic words. It could be a friend helping with daily chores during a challenging time, a colleague offering to take on additional responsibilities, or a family member providing a helping hand in times of need. This type of support translates empathy into action, reinforcing the notion that we are not alone in facing life's demands.
  • Informational Support: In the digital age, information is a powerful currency. Seeking advice, resources, or guidance from knowledgeable individuals forms the bedrock of informational support. Whether it's turning to a mentor for career advice or consulting a friend for insights on personal challenges, this type of support gives us the knowledge to make informed decisions and navigate life’s complexities.

The Neuroscience of Connection

Human connection is a powerful force for change and growth. Science has documented the profound impact that support has on our mental and emotional well-being. 

Oxytocin: The Bonding Hormone

Central to the neuroscience of connection is the hormone oxytocin, the "bonding hormone" or "love hormone." Released in response to positive social interactions, oxytocin acts as a biochemical messenger, fostering feelings of trust, empathy, and connection. Picture it as the glue that binds us together, creating emotional bonds that contribute significantly to our mental well-being.

Research has shown that even simple acts of kindness, such as a hug or a shared laugh, can trigger the release of oxytocin. This hormone not only enhances social bonding but also reduces stress levels and promotes an overall sense of well-being. In essence, our brains are biologically predisposed to seek out and cherish social connections, as these connections provide a neurochemical reward that reinforces the importance of human relationships.

Mirror Neurons: The Empathy Enigma

Another intriguing aspect of the neuroscience of connection involves mirror neurons, a class of brain cells that fire not only when we ourselves perform an action but also when we merely observe someone else performing an action. This neural mirroring mechanism forms the basis for empathy, allowing us to emotionally resonate with those around us.

When we witness a friend's joy, our mirror neurons fire in resonance, mirroring that joy within our own neural circuitry. Conversely, during times of distress, the shared neural responses enable us to comprehend and empathize with the emotional states of others. This neural synchrony is a powerful tool for building rapport and understanding, helping us feel interconnected. 

The Evolutionary Roots of Social Connection

The neuroscience of connection sheds light on the adaptive advantages of social bonds. From an ancestral standpoint, humans relied on social groups for survival, protection, and the sharing of resources. The brain's predisposition to reward social interactions with positive neurochemical responses highlights the importance of cooperation and communal living. It is clear that we have an innate desire for social belonging. 

Given what we know about social connections, let’s explore how they are important for the recovery process and for our overall mental well-being.

The Importance of Support Systems in Recovery

Recovery, by its very nature, is a multifaceted and arduous process. Whether overcoming substance abuse, grappling with mental health issues, or facing the aftermath of life-altering events, you may face many challenges. Trying to work through these challenges alone is extremely difficult. 

In recovery, you may grapple with a spectrum of emotions — from shame and guilt to fear and uncertainty. A robust support system functions as a safety net, helping us work through our negative emotions and remain grounded. Supportive friends and family members can also actively participate in our recovery plan, whether by attending therapy sessions with us, participating in wellness activities, or simply celebrating milestones. This collaborative effort transforms the recovery journey into a shared journey towards resilience. 

One tangible aspect of the importance of support systems in recovery lies in their ability to mitigate the risks of relapse. The journey towards sustained recovery is seldom linear; setbacks and challenges are almost inevitable. Our support network can help prevent relapse by keeping us accountable and adhere to our recovery goals. A network that understands the triggers, recognizes warning signs, and intervenes when necessary serves as a preemptive strike against relapse. This proactive approach is grounded in the principle that recovery is not defined by momentary setbacks but by the collective commitment to continuous growth and improvement.

Moreover, scientific research consistently underscores the correlation between a strong support system and positive outcomes in recovery. Studies have shown that individuals with supportive social networks are more likely to maintain abstinence, experience improved mental well-being, and sustain long-term recovery compared to those lacking such support.

The neurobiological impact of social connections also comes into play. Positive social interactions trigger the release of neurotransmitters such as oxytocin and dopamine, which contribute to a sense of reward, pleasure, and emotional well-being. These neurochemical responses not only enhance the overall quality of life but also play a role in reinforcing our positive behaviors and habits. This contributes to our recovery progress. 

How To Build a Support System

A robust support system isn’t built overnight. Instead, it is a gradual and intentional process, requiring self-reflection, proactive engagement, and a willingness to cultivate meaningful connections. You can take the following steps to build a strong support system.

1. Identify Your Circle

Begin your journey by identifying people who radiate positivity and understanding. They can include a close friend who listens without judgment, a family member who offers unwavering support, or even a support group where shared experiences foster a sense of camaraderie. The key is to surround yourself with people who contribute positively to your well-being and understand the nuances of your journey.

Consider those who uplift you during challenging times, celebrate your successes, and genuinely care about your holistic growth. These people form the foundation of your support system, the pillars upon which you can lean when challenges arise.

2. Communicate Openly

Honest communication is the bedrock of any strong support system. Cultivate open communication with those in your circle, expressing your needs, fears, and aspirations. By openly sharing your thoughts and emotions, you create a space for genuine understanding and empathy to flourish.

This communication is a two-way street. Encourage your support network to share their own experiences, concerns, and aspirations. A culture of openness fosters deeper connections, allowing each member to contribute authentically to the growth and well-being of the collective.

3. Diversify Your Network

A well-rounded support system includes different types of relationships. While close friends and family are invaluable, consider cultivating connections in different spheres of your life. Engage with colleagues at work, participate in community activities, or explore shared interests within your personal life.

Diversifying your network not only broadens the perspectives available to you but also ensures that your support system remains dynamic and multifaceted. Different relationships bring unique qualities, offering varied forms of support that cater to different aspects of your well-being.

4. Set Boundaries

While support is essential, it's crucial to establish boundaries. Setting boundaries involves expressing when and how you need support, as well as being mindful of your own well-being. This may include articulating your need for alone time, establishing limits on the type of advice or assistance you seek, and ensuring that the support you receive aligns with your values and goals.

Clearly communicate your needs, expectations, and limitations to ensure a healthy balance between giving and receiving support. Recognize that self-care is an integral part of sustaining a support system.

Remember, building a support system is a gradual, iterative process. Small steps, consistently taken, can yield profound results. In the next section, we'll explore actionable steps and innovative ways to strengthen your support system. 

Steps Toward a Robust Support System

  • Schedule Regular Check-ins: Set aside time for meaningful conversations with your support network. Whether it's a weekly coffee date or a virtual check-in, consistent communication fosters strong connections.
  • Express Gratitude: Take a moment to express gratitude for the support you receive. A heartfelt thank-you goes a long way in reinforcing the bonds within your network.
  • Join a Community: Explore local or online communities, like Reframe, that align with your interests or challenges. These spaces offer a sense of belonging and understanding. Be creative in creating your support community, and incorporate activities like collaborative art projects or something as simple as having a shared playlist. 
  • Attend Workshops or Support Groups: Many organizations offer workshops or support groups focused on mental well-being. Participating in these activities provides both knowledge and a sense of community. 
  • Create a Support Plan: Outline your support needs and share them with your network. A clear plan ensures everyone is on the same page, creating a more effective support system. 
  • Practice Active Listening: Strengthen your connections by honing your active listening skills. Show genuine interest in others' experiences, creating a reciprocal and supportive dynamic.
  • Celebrate Milestones Together: Whether big or small, achievements deserve recognition. Share your successes with your support system, and celebrate their milestones as well.
Steps Toward a Robust Support System

Summing Up

Our support systems bring us resilience, understanding, and connection. No matter how it feels to navigate the complexities of recovery and mental well-being, remember that you are not alone. Cultivating a robust support system is not just a choice; it's a transformative aid towards a healthier, more fulfilling life.

In the words of renowned psychologist Carl Rogers, "The only person who is educated is the one who has learned how to learn and change." Embrace change, nurture your connections, and step into a future where your support system boosts you toward a brighter tomorrow.

When you’re going through recovery, even little steps can seem daunting. But they don't have to be! You’re not alone in your journey toward a healthy life. Most importantly, you don’t have to face everything alone. No matter what we’re facing — work-related stress, personal hurdles, or the twists and turns of everyday life — a robust support network can be the anchor that keeps us grounded and resilient. Let’s explore why our social connections matter!

What Is a Support System? 

A support system extends beyond a mere network of acquaintances: it’s a dynamic and evolving lifeline that pushes us towards personal growth and resilience. Each of our collection of relationships serve a unique purpose in our lives. Having a robust support system offers a framework for our emotional and mental infrastructure, helping us navigate life’s challenges and uncertainties.

Types of Support Systems

From the bonds of family and the camaraderie of friends to the mentorship of colleagues, support systems come in all shapes and forms. All of these connections contribute to a mosaic of emotional, practical, and informational support. Let’s explore three different types of support systems. 

  • Emotional Support: At its core, emotional support involves the power of connection, empathy, and understanding. It’s the friend who lends a compassionate ear during moments of vulnerability or the family member who provides solace in times of distress. These relationships go beyond surface-level interactions, creating a space where emotions can be freely expressed and shared.
  • Practical Support: Practical support manifests as tangible assistance, the kind that goes beyond empathetic words. It could be a friend helping with daily chores during a challenging time, a colleague offering to take on additional responsibilities, or a family member providing a helping hand in times of need. This type of support translates empathy into action, reinforcing the notion that we are not alone in facing life's demands.
  • Informational Support: In the digital age, information is a powerful currency. Seeking advice, resources, or guidance from knowledgeable individuals forms the bedrock of informational support. Whether it's turning to a mentor for career advice or consulting a friend for insights on personal challenges, this type of support gives us the knowledge to make informed decisions and navigate life’s complexities.

The Neuroscience of Connection

Human connection is a powerful force for change and growth. Science has documented the profound impact that support has on our mental and emotional well-being. 

Oxytocin: The Bonding Hormone

Central to the neuroscience of connection is the hormone oxytocin, the "bonding hormone" or "love hormone." Released in response to positive social interactions, oxytocin acts as a biochemical messenger, fostering feelings of trust, empathy, and connection. Picture it as the glue that binds us together, creating emotional bonds that contribute significantly to our mental well-being.

Research has shown that even simple acts of kindness, such as a hug or a shared laugh, can trigger the release of oxytocin. This hormone not only enhances social bonding but also reduces stress levels and promotes an overall sense of well-being. In essence, our brains are biologically predisposed to seek out and cherish social connections, as these connections provide a neurochemical reward that reinforces the importance of human relationships.

Mirror Neurons: The Empathy Enigma

Another intriguing aspect of the neuroscience of connection involves mirror neurons, a class of brain cells that fire not only when we ourselves perform an action but also when we merely observe someone else performing an action. This neural mirroring mechanism forms the basis for empathy, allowing us to emotionally resonate with those around us.

When we witness a friend's joy, our mirror neurons fire in resonance, mirroring that joy within our own neural circuitry. Conversely, during times of distress, the shared neural responses enable us to comprehend and empathize with the emotional states of others. This neural synchrony is a powerful tool for building rapport and understanding, helping us feel interconnected. 

The Evolutionary Roots of Social Connection

The neuroscience of connection sheds light on the adaptive advantages of social bonds. From an ancestral standpoint, humans relied on social groups for survival, protection, and the sharing of resources. The brain's predisposition to reward social interactions with positive neurochemical responses highlights the importance of cooperation and communal living. It is clear that we have an innate desire for social belonging. 

Given what we know about social connections, let’s explore how they are important for the recovery process and for our overall mental well-being.

The Importance of Support Systems in Recovery

Recovery, by its very nature, is a multifaceted and arduous process. Whether overcoming substance abuse, grappling with mental health issues, or facing the aftermath of life-altering events, you may face many challenges. Trying to work through these challenges alone is extremely difficult. 

In recovery, you may grapple with a spectrum of emotions — from shame and guilt to fear and uncertainty. A robust support system functions as a safety net, helping us work through our negative emotions and remain grounded. Supportive friends and family members can also actively participate in our recovery plan, whether by attending therapy sessions with us, participating in wellness activities, or simply celebrating milestones. This collaborative effort transforms the recovery journey into a shared journey towards resilience. 

One tangible aspect of the importance of support systems in recovery lies in their ability to mitigate the risks of relapse. The journey towards sustained recovery is seldom linear; setbacks and challenges are almost inevitable. Our support network can help prevent relapse by keeping us accountable and adhere to our recovery goals. A network that understands the triggers, recognizes warning signs, and intervenes when necessary serves as a preemptive strike against relapse. This proactive approach is grounded in the principle that recovery is not defined by momentary setbacks but by the collective commitment to continuous growth and improvement.

Moreover, scientific research consistently underscores the correlation between a strong support system and positive outcomes in recovery. Studies have shown that individuals with supportive social networks are more likely to maintain abstinence, experience improved mental well-being, and sustain long-term recovery compared to those lacking such support.

The neurobiological impact of social connections also comes into play. Positive social interactions trigger the release of neurotransmitters such as oxytocin and dopamine, which contribute to a sense of reward, pleasure, and emotional well-being. These neurochemical responses not only enhance the overall quality of life but also play a role in reinforcing our positive behaviors and habits. This contributes to our recovery progress. 

How To Build a Support System

A robust support system isn’t built overnight. Instead, it is a gradual and intentional process, requiring self-reflection, proactive engagement, and a willingness to cultivate meaningful connections. You can take the following steps to build a strong support system.

1. Identify Your Circle

Begin your journey by identifying people who radiate positivity and understanding. They can include a close friend who listens without judgment, a family member who offers unwavering support, or even a support group where shared experiences foster a sense of camaraderie. The key is to surround yourself with people who contribute positively to your well-being and understand the nuances of your journey.

Consider those who uplift you during challenging times, celebrate your successes, and genuinely care about your holistic growth. These people form the foundation of your support system, the pillars upon which you can lean when challenges arise.

2. Communicate Openly

Honest communication is the bedrock of any strong support system. Cultivate open communication with those in your circle, expressing your needs, fears, and aspirations. By openly sharing your thoughts and emotions, you create a space for genuine understanding and empathy to flourish.

This communication is a two-way street. Encourage your support network to share their own experiences, concerns, and aspirations. A culture of openness fosters deeper connections, allowing each member to contribute authentically to the growth and well-being of the collective.

3. Diversify Your Network

A well-rounded support system includes different types of relationships. While close friends and family are invaluable, consider cultivating connections in different spheres of your life. Engage with colleagues at work, participate in community activities, or explore shared interests within your personal life.

Diversifying your network not only broadens the perspectives available to you but also ensures that your support system remains dynamic and multifaceted. Different relationships bring unique qualities, offering varied forms of support that cater to different aspects of your well-being.

4. Set Boundaries

While support is essential, it's crucial to establish boundaries. Setting boundaries involves expressing when and how you need support, as well as being mindful of your own well-being. This may include articulating your need for alone time, establishing limits on the type of advice or assistance you seek, and ensuring that the support you receive aligns with your values and goals.

Clearly communicate your needs, expectations, and limitations to ensure a healthy balance between giving and receiving support. Recognize that self-care is an integral part of sustaining a support system.

Remember, building a support system is a gradual, iterative process. Small steps, consistently taken, can yield profound results. In the next section, we'll explore actionable steps and innovative ways to strengthen your support system. 

Steps Toward a Robust Support System

  • Schedule Regular Check-ins: Set aside time for meaningful conversations with your support network. Whether it's a weekly coffee date or a virtual check-in, consistent communication fosters strong connections.
  • Express Gratitude: Take a moment to express gratitude for the support you receive. A heartfelt thank-you goes a long way in reinforcing the bonds within your network.
  • Join a Community: Explore local or online communities, like Reframe, that align with your interests or challenges. These spaces offer a sense of belonging and understanding. Be creative in creating your support community, and incorporate activities like collaborative art projects or something as simple as having a shared playlist. 
  • Attend Workshops or Support Groups: Many organizations offer workshops or support groups focused on mental well-being. Participating in these activities provides both knowledge and a sense of community. 
  • Create a Support Plan: Outline your support needs and share them with your network. A clear plan ensures everyone is on the same page, creating a more effective support system. 
  • Practice Active Listening: Strengthen your connections by honing your active listening skills. Show genuine interest in others' experiences, creating a reciprocal and supportive dynamic.
  • Celebrate Milestones Together: Whether big or small, achievements deserve recognition. Share your successes with your support system, and celebrate their milestones as well.
Steps Toward a Robust Support System

Summing Up

Our support systems bring us resilience, understanding, and connection. No matter how it feels to navigate the complexities of recovery and mental well-being, remember that you are not alone. Cultivating a robust support system is not just a choice; it's a transformative aid towards a healthier, more fulfilling life.

In the words of renowned psychologist Carl Rogers, "The only person who is educated is the one who has learned how to learn and change." Embrace change, nurture your connections, and step into a future where your support system boosts you toward a brighter tomorrow.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-02-13 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
What Is Habit Stacking? A Brain Hack To Supercharge Your Life
This is some text inside of a div block.

Unlock the science of changing habits with our latest blog on habit stacking! Discover why this strategy is a game-changer for reducing alcohol and how your brain plays a vital role in making it all stick.

19 min read

Revamp Your Life With Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!

Read Full Article  →

Ever wondered how you can remember the lyrics to a song from 10 years ago, but forget where you placed your keys yesterday? Our brains are wired to follow routines that are reinforced through repetition. When we engage in repeated behaviors, neural pathways within our brain are reinforced, and actions become more automated.

There’s been a lot of talk about habits in psychological circles in the last decade. One concept that’s particularly attention-worthy is habit stacking, an idea popularized by author S. J. Scott. The principle behind it is exactly what it sounds like: adding new habits to ones we’ve already established. It works because small changes can make a big impact over time. 

A person sitting in a meditative position

Habit stacking might sound like a contemporary life hack, but its roots stretch back over a century. Let’s delve into the studies and findings that show why habit stacking is more than just a buzzword. You’ll soon understand why habit stacking can be your ace in the hole for cutting back on alcohol (and making other positive changes, too!).

History of Habits

The concept of habit stacking actually goes back to an early branch of psychology known as classical conditioning. Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov made waves in this area of research in the mid 1800s with his dogs by showing that behaviors can be conditioned by association. Pavlov observed that his dogs began to associate the sound of a bell with being fed, eventually salivating at the sound alone. You're not a dog, and we're not ringing bells here, but the principle is quite similar. When humans connect a new desired behavior (for example, drinking water) with an old, established habit (such as brushing our teeth), the brain starts associating the two. Over time, skipping the new behavior feels out of place and performing the conditioned action becomes the default behavior.

The Habit Loop

Decades after Pavlov, neuroscientist Ann Graybiel has shown through her research that as habits form, activity patterns in the brain change. Initially, there's a spike in brain activity when a habit starts and another spike when it concludes. As the habit becomes ingrained, the brain activity diminishes in the middle phase. This is referred to as the habit loop, which includes a cue, a routine, and a reward — a concept Graybiel outlined in her 1996 study.

Research shows that the basal ganglia play an especially important role in the habit loop process. When we engage in a behavior repeatedly, the basal ganglia stores this information, ensuring the action becomes more automatic and requires less cognitive effort over time.

Think of it this way: the first time you tried tying your shoelaces, it probably required a lot of focus. Now? You do it effortlessly while holding a conversation or listening to a podcast. This transition from conscious action to automatic behavior is the magic of the basal ganglia.

Habit Stacking

Habit stacking uses the concept of habit loops by introducing a new routine immediately after a cue and before the brain receives its reward. It’s like sneaking a little bonus action into the middle of a well-oiled process. 

The reason habit stacking works so well is that it harnesses the brain’s love for predictability by anchoring the new desired behavior to a well-established one. Our brains are exceptionally efficient, running on auto-pilot for many of our daily activities. They thrive on predictability — so much so that a deviation from routine can sometimes feel "off." This is why missing your morning coffee or forgetting to set your alarm at night might throw your whole day into a spin. 

Habit stacking leverages this need for routine by making the new habit feel like an extension of the old one. Over time, skipping the new habit might even make our brain feel like something's missing!

By introducing a new habit alongside an existing routine, we’re tapping into existing brain circuits and hitching a ride on an already established neural pathway. Instead of creating a whole new one from scratch, we’re adding a slight detour to the one that’s already well-traveled. This makes the integration of a new habit less daunting for the brain.

The Magic of Repetition

There's a saying in neuroscience: "Neurons that fire together, wire together." Research shows that every time we repeat a habit, the connection between the neurons involved in it strengthens. By consistently pairing a new habit with an old one, we’re reinforcing the neural association between the two. The more we practice our habit stack, the stronger the connection becomes, eventually cementing the new habit as a regular part of our routine.

In terms of the basal ganglia, "stacking" a new healthy habit onto an existing one uses the brain's wiring to our advantage. We’re telling our basal ganglia, "Hey, I know you love patterns, so let's add a quick, positive habit to this existing loop!"

The Power of Context

Context plays a pivotal role in our behaviors. Certain environments or triggers can prompt specific actions, often without us even realizing it. Habit stacking utilizes this by tying our new habit to a particular context or trigger. For instance, the act of sitting in your favorite chair in the evening might have once prompted you to pour a drink. By habit stacking, we can reframe this context to instead signal a moment of relaxation, perhaps with a cup of herbal tea, a few minutes with the cat, or a couple rounds of deep breathing.

In 2002, University of California psychologist Wendy Wood presented findings in the journal Current Directions in Psychological Science on how our environments shape our habits. The study found that consistent contextual cues, such as specific locations or preceding actions, can trigger habits even if the person wasn’t consciously intending to perform them. In terms of habit stacking, this research underlines the importance of choosing a strong, consistent anchor habit to stack upon.

Building Momentum

The genius of habit stacking lies in its simplicity. Rather than fighting the brain's natural tendencies, we’re working in tandem with them. Understanding why the practice is so effective can give us the confidence and insight needed to make lasting, positive changes.

One of the most beautiful aspects of this process is that it doesn’t demand drastic changes. In a 2005 study published in the British Journal of General Practice, researchers found that even minor alterations in behavior can lead to significant lifestyle modifications over time. When we use habit stacking, we’re gently introducing these small tweaks, setting the stage for larger shifts in the future.

Consistently achieving small wins can be incredibly motivating. When we successfully incorporate a new behavior into an existing routine, we create a ripple effect: we begin to trust our ability to make positive changes, which can spur us on to tackle bigger challenges in the future. 

Habit Stacking and the Alcohol Journey

In the context of cutting back on alcohol, these tiny, seemingly inconsequential adjustments can give us a strategic advantage and snowball into transformative life changes. By understanding the science of habit stacking and harnessing the power of our own brain, we can craft a roadmap towards a healthier, alcohol-reduced future, giving ourselves a fighting chance to rewire those neurons for the better.

Here’s how applying habit stacking to alcohol reduction can truly be a game-changer:

  • Understanding the mechanics of habit change. There's something empowering about understanding the "why" and the "how" of a technique. When we grasp the science behind habit stacking and actively apply it to reduce alcohol, we’re using a method grounded in robust research. This increases our chances of success and bolsters our confidence in the process.
  • Recognizing triggers and responses. Every behavior, including reaching for that glass of wine or beer, is typically triggered by something. It might be stress from a hard day, the social setting of a party, or simply the habit of pouring a drink during a particular TV show. Recognizing these triggers is the first step. Once we’re aware of them, we can introduce an alternative behavior or response, effectively utilizing the principle of habit stacking.
  • Building resilience with new routines. Consistently introducing and practicing healthier routines — such as drinking a glass of sparkling water or practicing some deep breathing exercises instead of reaching for an alcoholic beverage — reinforces our resilience. The familiar action triggers the new habit, and voila, our brain starts to associate the two!



    Over time, these new routines become our default response, reducing our automatic impulse to consume alcohol. Each time we choose a healthier alternative over alcohol — even if it's just once in a week — we’re making a positive change. While it might seem like a tiny step, these moments accumulate. Over weeks and months, we’ll notice that our overall alcohol consumption has decreased, showcasing the potency of these incremental changes.
  • Reframing social and emotional connections. For many of us, alcohol is intertwined with social activities or is used as a coping mechanism for stress. By using habit stacking to introduce alternative behaviors, we’re reframing these connections. Over time, socializing or managing stress won't be synonymous with alcohol. Instead, we might find joy in a mocktail, a refreshing herbal drink, or even a quick workout session to blow off steam.
Action Steps for Habit Stacking

Action Steps for Habit Stacking

Ready to give habit stacking a go? Here are seven unique, interesting, and specific action steps to help you on your journey.

  • Identify your anchors. Look for habits you already have that are non-negotiable: brushing your teeth, making coffee, or taking a shower. These are your "anchors" for new habits.
  • Start small. Choose a small action that supports your goal to cut back on alcohol. This could be as simple as drinking a glass of water before you usually have a drink.
  • Link them up. Connect your new habit to an existing anchor. For example, "After I brush my teeth in the evening, I will drink a glass of water."
  • Use reminders. Physical reminders can be incredibly helpful. Place a glass near your toothbrush to remind yourself to drink water.
  • Keep it consistent. Perform your habit stack at the same time and in the same context daily. Consistency is key to making your new habit stick.
  • Monitor progress. Keep a log to track how often you successfully complete your habit stack. Celebrate your victories, however small. (Try Reframe for an easy way to track your progress and receive inspiration and valuable tips to help you along the way!) 
  • Add more layers. Once you feel that your new habit has become automated, consider adding another layer to your stack. Maybe now, "After I drink my glass of water, I'll write down one thing I'm grateful for today."

Building Life, One Habit at a Time

We’re impatient! We often seek immediate and large-scale changes. Yet the true essence of meaningful growth lies in our consistent, incremental, daily steps. Habit stacking is more than just a technique to introduce a new behavior or cut back on alcohol. It's a holistic approach to life, urging us to recognize the potential in our everyday routines.

As you start building and stacking these habits, consider the broader implications. Every new behavior you add to an existing one nudges you closer to a life marked by intention, health, and well-being. These small shifts, done consistently, can create a ripple effect, touching every facet of your life — from relationships to personal goals, mental well-being, and physical health.

As we begin habit stacking, we’re not just adopting a new strategy; we’re making a profound commitment to ourselves. We’re signaling to our brain and body that every day is an opportunity to build a life that resonates with purpose and meaning. A more meaningful life doesn't require grand gestures. Often, it's the consistent, purposeful steps we take daily that lead us to our most cherished destinations. This path is scientifically backed and has helped many people turn the daunting task of lifestyle change into manageable, bite-sized pieces.

In the words of Lao Tsu, habits are the building blocks of our lives: “Watch your thoughts, they become your words; watch your words, they become your actions; watch your actions, they become your habits; watch your habits, they become your character; watch your character, it becomes your destiny.”

Ready to stack your way to a better you? Let's make it happen!

Ever wondered how you can remember the lyrics to a song from 10 years ago, but forget where you placed your keys yesterday? Our brains are wired to follow routines that are reinforced through repetition. When we engage in repeated behaviors, neural pathways within our brain are reinforced, and actions become more automated.

There’s been a lot of talk about habits in psychological circles in the last decade. One concept that’s particularly attention-worthy is habit stacking, an idea popularized by author S. J. Scott. The principle behind it is exactly what it sounds like: adding new habits to ones we’ve already established. It works because small changes can make a big impact over time. 

A person sitting in a meditative position

Habit stacking might sound like a contemporary life hack, but its roots stretch back over a century. Let’s delve into the studies and findings that show why habit stacking is more than just a buzzword. You’ll soon understand why habit stacking can be your ace in the hole for cutting back on alcohol (and making other positive changes, too!).

History of Habits

The concept of habit stacking actually goes back to an early branch of psychology known as classical conditioning. Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov made waves in this area of research in the mid 1800s with his dogs by showing that behaviors can be conditioned by association. Pavlov observed that his dogs began to associate the sound of a bell with being fed, eventually salivating at the sound alone. You're not a dog, and we're not ringing bells here, but the principle is quite similar. When humans connect a new desired behavior (for example, drinking water) with an old, established habit (such as brushing our teeth), the brain starts associating the two. Over time, skipping the new behavior feels out of place and performing the conditioned action becomes the default behavior.

The Habit Loop

Decades after Pavlov, neuroscientist Ann Graybiel has shown through her research that as habits form, activity patterns in the brain change. Initially, there's a spike in brain activity when a habit starts and another spike when it concludes. As the habit becomes ingrained, the brain activity diminishes in the middle phase. This is referred to as the habit loop, which includes a cue, a routine, and a reward — a concept Graybiel outlined in her 1996 study.

Research shows that the basal ganglia play an especially important role in the habit loop process. When we engage in a behavior repeatedly, the basal ganglia stores this information, ensuring the action becomes more automatic and requires less cognitive effort over time.

Think of it this way: the first time you tried tying your shoelaces, it probably required a lot of focus. Now? You do it effortlessly while holding a conversation or listening to a podcast. This transition from conscious action to automatic behavior is the magic of the basal ganglia.

Habit Stacking

Habit stacking uses the concept of habit loops by introducing a new routine immediately after a cue and before the brain receives its reward. It’s like sneaking a little bonus action into the middle of a well-oiled process. 

The reason habit stacking works so well is that it harnesses the brain’s love for predictability by anchoring the new desired behavior to a well-established one. Our brains are exceptionally efficient, running on auto-pilot for many of our daily activities. They thrive on predictability — so much so that a deviation from routine can sometimes feel "off." This is why missing your morning coffee or forgetting to set your alarm at night might throw your whole day into a spin. 

Habit stacking leverages this need for routine by making the new habit feel like an extension of the old one. Over time, skipping the new habit might even make our brain feel like something's missing!

By introducing a new habit alongside an existing routine, we’re tapping into existing brain circuits and hitching a ride on an already established neural pathway. Instead of creating a whole new one from scratch, we’re adding a slight detour to the one that’s already well-traveled. This makes the integration of a new habit less daunting for the brain.

The Magic of Repetition

There's a saying in neuroscience: "Neurons that fire together, wire together." Research shows that every time we repeat a habit, the connection between the neurons involved in it strengthens. By consistently pairing a new habit with an old one, we’re reinforcing the neural association between the two. The more we practice our habit stack, the stronger the connection becomes, eventually cementing the new habit as a regular part of our routine.

In terms of the basal ganglia, "stacking" a new healthy habit onto an existing one uses the brain's wiring to our advantage. We’re telling our basal ganglia, "Hey, I know you love patterns, so let's add a quick, positive habit to this existing loop!"

The Power of Context

Context plays a pivotal role in our behaviors. Certain environments or triggers can prompt specific actions, often without us even realizing it. Habit stacking utilizes this by tying our new habit to a particular context or trigger. For instance, the act of sitting in your favorite chair in the evening might have once prompted you to pour a drink. By habit stacking, we can reframe this context to instead signal a moment of relaxation, perhaps with a cup of herbal tea, a few minutes with the cat, or a couple rounds of deep breathing.

In 2002, University of California psychologist Wendy Wood presented findings in the journal Current Directions in Psychological Science on how our environments shape our habits. The study found that consistent contextual cues, such as specific locations or preceding actions, can trigger habits even if the person wasn’t consciously intending to perform them. In terms of habit stacking, this research underlines the importance of choosing a strong, consistent anchor habit to stack upon.

Building Momentum

The genius of habit stacking lies in its simplicity. Rather than fighting the brain's natural tendencies, we’re working in tandem with them. Understanding why the practice is so effective can give us the confidence and insight needed to make lasting, positive changes.

One of the most beautiful aspects of this process is that it doesn’t demand drastic changes. In a 2005 study published in the British Journal of General Practice, researchers found that even minor alterations in behavior can lead to significant lifestyle modifications over time. When we use habit stacking, we’re gently introducing these small tweaks, setting the stage for larger shifts in the future.

Consistently achieving small wins can be incredibly motivating. When we successfully incorporate a new behavior into an existing routine, we create a ripple effect: we begin to trust our ability to make positive changes, which can spur us on to tackle bigger challenges in the future. 

Habit Stacking and the Alcohol Journey

In the context of cutting back on alcohol, these tiny, seemingly inconsequential adjustments can give us a strategic advantage and snowball into transformative life changes. By understanding the science of habit stacking and harnessing the power of our own brain, we can craft a roadmap towards a healthier, alcohol-reduced future, giving ourselves a fighting chance to rewire those neurons for the better.

Here’s how applying habit stacking to alcohol reduction can truly be a game-changer:

  • Understanding the mechanics of habit change. There's something empowering about understanding the "why" and the "how" of a technique. When we grasp the science behind habit stacking and actively apply it to reduce alcohol, we’re using a method grounded in robust research. This increases our chances of success and bolsters our confidence in the process.
  • Recognizing triggers and responses. Every behavior, including reaching for that glass of wine or beer, is typically triggered by something. It might be stress from a hard day, the social setting of a party, or simply the habit of pouring a drink during a particular TV show. Recognizing these triggers is the first step. Once we’re aware of them, we can introduce an alternative behavior or response, effectively utilizing the principle of habit stacking.
  • Building resilience with new routines. Consistently introducing and practicing healthier routines — such as drinking a glass of sparkling water or practicing some deep breathing exercises instead of reaching for an alcoholic beverage — reinforces our resilience. The familiar action triggers the new habit, and voila, our brain starts to associate the two!



    Over time, these new routines become our default response, reducing our automatic impulse to consume alcohol. Each time we choose a healthier alternative over alcohol — even if it's just once in a week — we’re making a positive change. While it might seem like a tiny step, these moments accumulate. Over weeks and months, we’ll notice that our overall alcohol consumption has decreased, showcasing the potency of these incremental changes.
  • Reframing social and emotional connections. For many of us, alcohol is intertwined with social activities or is used as a coping mechanism for stress. By using habit stacking to introduce alternative behaviors, we’re reframing these connections. Over time, socializing or managing stress won't be synonymous with alcohol. Instead, we might find joy in a mocktail, a refreshing herbal drink, or even a quick workout session to blow off steam.
Action Steps for Habit Stacking

Action Steps for Habit Stacking

Ready to give habit stacking a go? Here are seven unique, interesting, and specific action steps to help you on your journey.

  • Identify your anchors. Look for habits you already have that are non-negotiable: brushing your teeth, making coffee, or taking a shower. These are your "anchors" for new habits.
  • Start small. Choose a small action that supports your goal to cut back on alcohol. This could be as simple as drinking a glass of water before you usually have a drink.
  • Link them up. Connect your new habit to an existing anchor. For example, "After I brush my teeth in the evening, I will drink a glass of water."
  • Use reminders. Physical reminders can be incredibly helpful. Place a glass near your toothbrush to remind yourself to drink water.
  • Keep it consistent. Perform your habit stack at the same time and in the same context daily. Consistency is key to making your new habit stick.
  • Monitor progress. Keep a log to track how often you successfully complete your habit stack. Celebrate your victories, however small. (Try Reframe for an easy way to track your progress and receive inspiration and valuable tips to help you along the way!) 
  • Add more layers. Once you feel that your new habit has become automated, consider adding another layer to your stack. Maybe now, "After I drink my glass of water, I'll write down one thing I'm grateful for today."

Building Life, One Habit at a Time

We’re impatient! We often seek immediate and large-scale changes. Yet the true essence of meaningful growth lies in our consistent, incremental, daily steps. Habit stacking is more than just a technique to introduce a new behavior or cut back on alcohol. It's a holistic approach to life, urging us to recognize the potential in our everyday routines.

As you start building and stacking these habits, consider the broader implications. Every new behavior you add to an existing one nudges you closer to a life marked by intention, health, and well-being. These small shifts, done consistently, can create a ripple effect, touching every facet of your life — from relationships to personal goals, mental well-being, and physical health.

As we begin habit stacking, we’re not just adopting a new strategy; we’re making a profound commitment to ourselves. We’re signaling to our brain and body that every day is an opportunity to build a life that resonates with purpose and meaning. A more meaningful life doesn't require grand gestures. Often, it's the consistent, purposeful steps we take daily that lead us to our most cherished destinations. This path is scientifically backed and has helped many people turn the daunting task of lifestyle change into manageable, bite-sized pieces.

In the words of Lao Tsu, habits are the building blocks of our lives: “Watch your thoughts, they become your words; watch your words, they become your actions; watch your actions, they become your habits; watch your habits, they become your character; watch your character, it becomes your destiny.”

Ready to stack your way to a better you? Let's make it happen!

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-02-13 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
How Does Alcohol Affect Testosterone Levels in Men?
This is some text inside of a div block.

Alcohol causes both short- and long-term effects on testosterone levels in men. Research indicates that even small amounts of alcohol can decrease the amount of testosterone in the blood, while chronic alcohol misuse can lead to sustained lower levels and reduced sperm count.

12 min read

Get on Track With Reframe!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today! 

Read Full Article  →

Some of the effects of alcohol on our physical body are fairly obvious: we might feel our heart starting to race after several drinks, or realize we have to urinate more frequently once we begin drinking. 

Other effects are a bit more subtle, but they’re no less detrimental to our health and well-being. Alcohol’s effect on men’s testosterone is one example. In fact, studies have found that heavy alcohol consumption results in reduced testosterone levels in the blood. 

What Exactly Is Testosterone?

Testosterone is the primary sex hormone in males, and it plays a number of important roles, such as the development of the penis and testicles, the deepening of voice during and the appearance of facial and pubic hair starting at puberty, muscle size and strength, bone growth and strength, sex drive, and sperm production. 

A sad man pointing at his arm

Testosterone levels can also affect our mood. For instance, low levels of testosterone can enhance moodiness or lead to feelings of depression and low self-esteem. It can also lead to decreased sex drive, less energy, weight gain, less body hair, and thinner bones. 

As a hormone, testosterone is part of our endocrine system — the network of glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so they can travel to tissues and organs all over our body.

The production of testosterone in men is controlled by signals sent from the brain to the pituitary gland at the base of our brain. The pituitary gland then relays signals to the testes to produce testosterone. A “feedback loop” continually regulates the amount of testosterone in the blood; when testosterone levels are too high, the brain sends signals to the pituitary gland to reduce production; when levels are too low, the pituitary gland kicks in to boost production.

How Alcohol Affects Testosterone Levels

While testosterone production naturally begins to decrease as a man ages, other factors can cause hormone levels to drop. For instance, injury to the testicles and certain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation, can negatively affect testosterone production.

Excessive alcohol consumption can also cause both short-term and long-term changes to men’s testosterone levels. In fact, alcohol can disrupt testosterone production by interfering with the three major glands needed for production of testosterone in men: the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the testes. 

Even small amounts of alcohol can cause immediate changes. For instance, research has found that testosterone can drop in as little as 30 minutes after alcohol consumption. In one study, healthy men were given the equivalent of a pint of whiskey per day, over the course of 30 days. Their testosterone levels were then compared to those of men with chronic alcoholism. The study found that healthy men’s testosterone levels began dropping by the third day and reached similar levels to those of the men with alcoholism by the end of the month. 

Over time, chronic alcohol consumption has long-term effects that can cause testosterone levels to stay low. Research indicates that chronic alcohol misuse damages the Leydig cells in testes, which are responsible for testosterone production. In fact, heavy drinkers are more likely to have poor testicular function than people who only consume a moderate amount of alcohol. 

Since testosterone is a “sex” hormone, men who drink heavily are more likely to experience erectile dysfunction and low libido, or sex drive. As time goes on, chronic low testosterone may result in other symptoms, including decreased muscle strength and size, weakened bones and loss of bone density, lower energy, reduced male fertility, weight gain, and depression. 

How Alcohol Affects Men’s Sperm

Alcohol can also lower the sperm count in men by impairing the function of testicular Sertoli cells, which are vital for sperm maturation. Both testosterone and FSH, a hormone released by our pituitary gland, play an important role in spermatogenesis, or the development of sperm. Disruptions of these hormones can lead to “spermatogenic arrest” — the development of sperm is interrupted, leading to low sperm counts.

Research indicates that heavy drinkers are more likely to experience spermatogenic arrest. In fact, one study noted that 50 percent of heavy drinkers had spermatogenic arrest, compared to only 20 percent of men without alcoholism. Researchers also found that men who drank heavily had slightly but significantly smaller testicals than men who didn’t. 

In general, studies suggest that more than 14 drinks a week can significantly lower testosterone levels and affect sperm count.

How Alcohol Affects Men’s Sperm

Can Testosterone Levels Return to Normal?

Quitting or reducing our alcohol consumption can help reverse some of the damage to our testes. In fact, the study mentioned previously found that when healthy participants stopped drinking after having a pint of whiskey per day for 30 days, their testosterone levels quickly returned to normal.

However, some damage may be permanent, depending on the quantity and amount of time we’ve been drinking. If we think that our drinking has affected our testosterone levels or reproductive health, it’s a good idea to see a doctor for individualized treatment. 

We can also take some steps to help mitigate the effects of alcohol on our testosterone levels and support our overall hormonal health. Here are some tips:

  • Eat healthy food. A healthy diet is important for all our bodily functions, including our hormone production. Foods that may help boost testosterone include fatty fish, such as salmon and sardines; dark, leafy greens; avocados; eggs; berries; cherries; pomegranates; and shellfish, such as oysters and clams. 
  • Exercise regularly. While endurance training can boost testosterone levels briefly, resistance exercises are proven to help increase short- and long-term testosterone levels. Physical activity can also help reduce stress, which negatively affects hormonal balance. Try incorporating strength/resistance training into your workout routine three days a week.
  • Get adequate sleep. Testosterone levels naturally rise during sleep, and studies have shown that sleep deprivation can cause significant decrease in testosterone production. Try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time each day and night (weekends included), and consider creating an evening routine to promote relaxation. Aim to get between 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night.

Keep in mind that while all of these are vital for living a healthy life, quitting alcohol or reducing our intake is one of the most important things we can do to protect our testosterone levels. If that seems daunting, Reframe is here to help. And when you join our community, you’ll be supported and encouraged by hundreds of others just like you.

Some of the effects of alcohol on our physical body are fairly obvious: we might feel our heart starting to race after several drinks, or realize we have to urinate more frequently once we begin drinking. 

Other effects are a bit more subtle, but they’re no less detrimental to our health and well-being. Alcohol’s effect on men’s testosterone is one example. In fact, studies have found that heavy alcohol consumption results in reduced testosterone levels in the blood. 

What Exactly Is Testosterone?

Testosterone is the primary sex hormone in males, and it plays a number of important roles, such as the development of the penis and testicles, the deepening of voice during and the appearance of facial and pubic hair starting at puberty, muscle size and strength, bone growth and strength, sex drive, and sperm production. 

A sad man pointing at his arm

Testosterone levels can also affect our mood. For instance, low levels of testosterone can enhance moodiness or lead to feelings of depression and low self-esteem. It can also lead to decreased sex drive, less energy, weight gain, less body hair, and thinner bones. 

As a hormone, testosterone is part of our endocrine system — the network of glands and organs that make hormones and release them directly into the blood so they can travel to tissues and organs all over our body.

The production of testosterone in men is controlled by signals sent from the brain to the pituitary gland at the base of our brain. The pituitary gland then relays signals to the testes to produce testosterone. A “feedback loop” continually regulates the amount of testosterone in the blood; when testosterone levels are too high, the brain sends signals to the pituitary gland to reduce production; when levels are too low, the pituitary gland kicks in to boost production.

How Alcohol Affects Testosterone Levels

While testosterone production naturally begins to decrease as a man ages, other factors can cause hormone levels to drop. For instance, injury to the testicles and certain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation, can negatively affect testosterone production.

Excessive alcohol consumption can also cause both short-term and long-term changes to men’s testosterone levels. In fact, alcohol can disrupt testosterone production by interfering with the three major glands needed for production of testosterone in men: the hypothalamus, the anterior pituitary gland, and the testes. 

Even small amounts of alcohol can cause immediate changes. For instance, research has found that testosterone can drop in as little as 30 minutes after alcohol consumption. In one study, healthy men were given the equivalent of a pint of whiskey per day, over the course of 30 days. Their testosterone levels were then compared to those of men with chronic alcoholism. The study found that healthy men’s testosterone levels began dropping by the third day and reached similar levels to those of the men with alcoholism by the end of the month. 

Over time, chronic alcohol consumption has long-term effects that can cause testosterone levels to stay low. Research indicates that chronic alcohol misuse damages the Leydig cells in testes, which are responsible for testosterone production. In fact, heavy drinkers are more likely to have poor testicular function than people who only consume a moderate amount of alcohol. 

Since testosterone is a “sex” hormone, men who drink heavily are more likely to experience erectile dysfunction and low libido, or sex drive. As time goes on, chronic low testosterone may result in other symptoms, including decreased muscle strength and size, weakened bones and loss of bone density, lower energy, reduced male fertility, weight gain, and depression. 

How Alcohol Affects Men’s Sperm

Alcohol can also lower the sperm count in men by impairing the function of testicular Sertoli cells, which are vital for sperm maturation. Both testosterone and FSH, a hormone released by our pituitary gland, play an important role in spermatogenesis, or the development of sperm. Disruptions of these hormones can lead to “spermatogenic arrest” — the development of sperm is interrupted, leading to low sperm counts.

Research indicates that heavy drinkers are more likely to experience spermatogenic arrest. In fact, one study noted that 50 percent of heavy drinkers had spermatogenic arrest, compared to only 20 percent of men without alcoholism. Researchers also found that men who drank heavily had slightly but significantly smaller testicals than men who didn’t. 

In general, studies suggest that more than 14 drinks a week can significantly lower testosterone levels and affect sperm count.

How Alcohol Affects Men’s Sperm

Can Testosterone Levels Return to Normal?

Quitting or reducing our alcohol consumption can help reverse some of the damage to our testes. In fact, the study mentioned previously found that when healthy participants stopped drinking after having a pint of whiskey per day for 30 days, their testosterone levels quickly returned to normal.

However, some damage may be permanent, depending on the quantity and amount of time we’ve been drinking. If we think that our drinking has affected our testosterone levels or reproductive health, it’s a good idea to see a doctor for individualized treatment. 

We can also take some steps to help mitigate the effects of alcohol on our testosterone levels and support our overall hormonal health. Here are some tips:

  • Eat healthy food. A healthy diet is important for all our bodily functions, including our hormone production. Foods that may help boost testosterone include fatty fish, such as salmon and sardines; dark, leafy greens; avocados; eggs; berries; cherries; pomegranates; and shellfish, such as oysters and clams. 
  • Exercise regularly. While endurance training can boost testosterone levels briefly, resistance exercises are proven to help increase short- and long-term testosterone levels. Physical activity can also help reduce stress, which negatively affects hormonal balance. Try incorporating strength/resistance training into your workout routine three days a week.
  • Get adequate sleep. Testosterone levels naturally rise during sleep, and studies have shown that sleep deprivation can cause significant decrease in testosterone production. Try to go to sleep and wake up at the same time each day and night (weekends included), and consider creating an evening routine to promote relaxation. Aim to get between 7-9 hours of quality sleep every night.

Keep in mind that while all of these are vital for living a healthy life, quitting alcohol or reducing our intake is one of the most important things we can do to protect our testosterone levels. If that seems daunting, Reframe is here to help. And when you join our community, you’ll be supported and encouraged by hundreds of others just like you.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-01-28 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Drinking for the First Time: Tips To Keep in Mind
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Curious about drinking for the first time? Learn helpful strategies to ensure a positive experience and avoid negative consequences of excessive drinking.

20 min read

Stay on Top of Your Drinking

For many, drinking for the first time can be a fun experience, but for others, not so much. Still, for some people, their relationship with alcohol is raising some red flags. Whenever you find yourself in the drinking continuum, check out the Reframe app for lots of alcohol-related information and resources.

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills to survive drinking less and thrive while navigating the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re constantly introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! We launch fun challenges monthly, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for seven days, so you have nothing to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

There are millions of stories out there about folks’ first time drinking alcohol. Although the details differ, there are several common themes: “I hated the taste!” or “I got sick as a dog.”

It’s hard to pin down how someone will react to alcohol because everyone is different — alcohol affects people differently based on their age, gender, weight, and health. The first time we drink alcohol is often the most unpredictable, but even among those of us who drink regularly, the effects of alcohol change as our tolerance increases.

In this article, we’ll take a look at what happens when we drink alcohol for the first time and provide some tips for beginners to stay safe with alcohol.

The Brain on Booze

So, what happens when you drink alcohol for the first time? Alcohol is just like any other drug in that it affects our body by playing with the chemicals in our brain.

Let’s take a look at the key neurotransmitters that cause intoxication and how they affect us:

  • Dopamine, sometimes called the “feel-good” chemical, is a major player in our brain’s reward circuit. Alcohol increases the amount of dopamine in our brain, giving us the characteristic “buzz” and motivating us to drink more. We also get dopamine bursts from other rewarding activities, like eating a good meal, going outside, accomplishing tasks, and spending time with loved ones.
  • Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter — it’s like the brain’s “go” signal. Alcohol inhibits the function of glutamate. As a result, we think and react a little more slowly. Smells aren’t as smelly, sounds aren’t so loud, and the world looks a little fuzzy. This glutamate slump is balanced by a rebound the next day, which can leave us feeling agitated.
  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the yin to glutamate’s yang. As the brain's "chill-out" chemical, GABA is like a traffic light that slows down and stops signals in the brain and body, helping us calm down and avoid overstimulation. Alcohol increases GABA at first, making us feel relaxed, but after we sober up and our GABA plunges, we will have trouble relaxing.

While this chemical activity plays out all over the body, it’s mostly concentrated in two areas. 

  • The prefrontal cortex is located directly behind the forehead. It regulates thoughts, actions, and emotions by regulating executive functions — planning, prioritizing, attention, organization, working memory, and flexibility. When alcohol gets in the mix, these things become harder to do. We start to make poor decisions and our priorities shift.
  • The amygdala is located right at the center of the brain and controls memory, fear, and the “fight or flight” response. Alcohol inhibits the function of the amygdala, reducing our anxiety and making us feel fearless. This is closely tied to poor decision making from the prefrontal cortex.

The Body on Booze

We know how alcohol impacts our brain, but how does alcohol impact our body? How does our body respond to drinking for the first time?

The most prominent and obvious effect is the slow reaction time and poor coordination caused by glutamate and GABA imbalance. This is why, when drunk, people often stumble around or have trouble standing, and it’s also why drinking and driving is such a bad idea. These neurochemicals are also responsible for other physical effects of alcohol, like increased heart rate, sweating, and dizziness.

What To Do During a Drinking Party

Deeper in our body, our liver is working hard to process alcohol. Alcohol is metabolized by two liver enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Together, these enzymes break up the alcohol molecule and make it possible to eliminate it from the body. The length of time this metabolism takes depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, as well as age, gender, weight, health, and other factors.

Understanding these processes helps us understand how what we’re putting in our body affects us. However, it’s important to keep in mind that these things work a little differently in different groups of people. How different and for which groups of people? Let’s look!

Demographics of Drinking for the First Time

Early experimentation with alcohol among youth is very common in Western countries, as Arlette Buchmann and her colleagues reported in 2009. In the United States, nearly a third of us report having their first drink between the ages of 16 and 18. This finding is not surprising considering human brains and bodies don’t finish developing fully until around age 25.

Young brains are still developing the capacity to assess and understand risks, including the negative effects and consequences of alcohol. Alcohol also inhibits risk assessment, which perpetuates a cycle of drinking behavior. That’s one reason young people are so much more likely to binge drink.

A 2020 study by Briana Lees and her team reported that alcohol consumption during youth can alter brain structure, negatively (and maybe permanently) affecting cognition and function. Likewise, 2008 research by Dawson et al. found an association between age at first drinking and the risk of developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). They also found that many young people drink to get drunk rather than due to dependence.

For others beyond youth who may be drinking for the first time, being well-informed about alcohol’s effects is just as important. Inexperience means first-time drinkers of any age may be unable to know their limits, which leaves them unsure of whether or not what they’re experiencing is normal. As a result, the lessons we learn from getting drunk for the first time are often hard lessons. 

For all drinkers, newbies or not, the key to having a safe and enjoyable experience with alcohol is moderation. When we sip slowly, watch our intake, and set limits, we can avoid some of alcohol’s most awful short-term effects.

Defining Moderation

According to the USDA dietary guidelines for Americans, drinking moderately means limiting alcohol intake to fewer than two drinks in a day for men and one drink for women. The reason is the way the body metabolizes alcohol and how long it takes for it to get out of our system.

As a rough guideline, the liver can process about one standard drink per hour. However, all alcoholic beverages are not made equal, so one can of beer or cocktail could actually contain more than one standard drink. One standard drink is defined as 14 grams of ethanol — aka, pure alcohol. Here’s what that looks like:

  • 12 ounces of beer at 5% alcohol content
  • 5 ounces of wine at 12% alcohol content
  • 1.5 ounces of spirits or hard liquor at 40% alcohol content

Alcohol content is measured by a unit called alcohol by volume (ABV). 
It measures the amount of ethanol in the beverage. If a 12-ounce can of beer is 5% ABV, that means that 5% of the can is ethanol and the rest is mostly water.

It’s worthwhile to note that not every beer is 5% (although that’s a good guideline). Craft beer regularly exceeds 10%, which is closer in strength to a wine! Being mindful of the ABV allows us to choose our drinks wisely. Likewise, it matters how quickly we drink. Sipping on a beer over the course of an hour will affect us less than doing a shot of tequila.

How Long After Drinking Alcohol Am I Safe To Drive?

The fact that driving after drinking is illegal speaks to its dangers — and gives us a good idea of just how much alcohol affects our functions. Remember how it takes the liver an hour to process one drink? The general rule is to wait one hour for each drink we’ve had to give our liver time to catch up and do its job. Having three drinks with friends during Happy Hour means waiting three hours before driving.

Paying attention to this rule is important not only for the safety of ourselves and others, but because the legal consequences of drinking and driving are serious. We could lose our license, or even go to jail — and the consequences only go up when we commit other traffic violations (like speeding or running traffic signals) while intoxicated.

Stages of Intoxication

As previously noted, when we drink for the first time, we don’t know our limits or have a baseline to judge our state of mind. So how does it feel to be drunk for the first time? Let’s outline some basics. 

  • Tipsy stage. During this stage, we feel happy, chatty, and confident. Reaction time starts to slow down. Physically, we may feel warm, slightly numb, and have minor coordination issues.
  • Drunk stage. By this point, we are experiencing impaired motor control, blurred vision, impaired reaction time, racing heart, slow thinking, impaired judgment, blackouts, memory loss, fatigue. We may still be happy, but we’re also experiencing mood swings.
  • Danger stage. Once we reach “blackout drunk,” we are in a danger stage. When we black out — or lose awareness of ourselves and our surroundings — we are no longer exhibiting executive functions. We can get ourselves into regrettable or dangerous situations and possibly give ourselves alcohol poisoning. That can be serious and unfortunately is all too common among first-time drinkers who do not know their limits!

Avoiding the drunk and danger stages is ideal because, by that point, we may not realize how our actions can lead to serious consequences.

Tips for A Positive Experience

In general, monitoring and preventing excessive drinking involves setting realistic goals and recognizing triggers. Let’s consider several helpful strategies for any drinker but especially those drinking for the first time.

  • Practice mindful drinking. A drink should be a time to relax, wind down and enjoy. You can do this by sipping slowly and savoring each sip and taking the time to notice the flavors. What do you like or dislike about it? How is it making you feel? 
  • Hydrate! The best way to drink moderately is to alternate your alcoholic beverages with those that are non-alcoholic, such as water, soda, or juice. Alcohol dehydrates us, so replenishing is important — and it slows your alcohol consumption.
  • Cultivate social support. Be mindful that there are different types of drinkers, such as heavy drinkers, moderate ones, and abstainers. There is no shame in communicating openly with friends and family about your drinking preference by saying, “I’m just going to have one drink tonight.” On the other hand, if you know the group that’s asking you to join them are heavy drinkers, consider passing. Peer pressure is real! Surrounding yourself with a supportive network of like-minded drinkers can positively reinforce your drink choices.
  • Understand limits. You may not know what “too drunk” feels like, so educate yourself on recommended alcohol limits and stay within them. Discovering your limits after the fact is often not fun. Reflect on how you feel and consider keeping track in your phone’s notes app to stay on top of your state of mind.
  • Consider alcohol-free alternatives. Alcohol-free options are becoming increasingly popular, and they taste good, too. Restaurants now offer several mocktail options on their drink menus, making socializing without alcohol an enjoyable experience. Experiment and find the ones you like best. 
  • Reflect and journal. Some people find journaling a helpful way to reflect on their drinking experiences. Being able to document your experiences and how you felt at the time provides an opportunity to not only create awareness and insights but also to identify patterns, good and bad.
  • Seek professional guidance. Problem drinking can sneak up on any of us, first-time drinkers or not. For anyone who finds themselves struggling with substance misuse or dependence, seek professional help. There is a range of professional assistance from therapists, counselors, and support groups.

Takeaways

Drinking for the first time, especially at a young age, may feel like joining a club or “coming of age.” It may stem from a desire to fit in or simply be a response to curiosity. Remember, we do not need to drink if we don’t want to. But if you decide to drink, stay mindful and practice moderation to ensure a positive and safe experience.

There are millions of stories out there about folks’ first time drinking alcohol. Although the details differ, there are several common themes: “I hated the taste!” or “I got sick as a dog.”

It’s hard to pin down how someone will react to alcohol because everyone is different — alcohol affects people differently based on their age, gender, weight, and health. The first time we drink alcohol is often the most unpredictable, but even among those of us who drink regularly, the effects of alcohol change as our tolerance increases.

In this article, we’ll take a look at what happens when we drink alcohol for the first time and provide some tips for beginners to stay safe with alcohol.

The Brain on Booze

So, what happens when you drink alcohol for the first time? Alcohol is just like any other drug in that it affects our body by playing with the chemicals in our brain.

Let’s take a look at the key neurotransmitters that cause intoxication and how they affect us:

  • Dopamine, sometimes called the “feel-good” chemical, is a major player in our brain’s reward circuit. Alcohol increases the amount of dopamine in our brain, giving us the characteristic “buzz” and motivating us to drink more. We also get dopamine bursts from other rewarding activities, like eating a good meal, going outside, accomplishing tasks, and spending time with loved ones.
  • Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter — it’s like the brain’s “go” signal. Alcohol inhibits the function of glutamate. As a result, we think and react a little more slowly. Smells aren’t as smelly, sounds aren’t so loud, and the world looks a little fuzzy. This glutamate slump is balanced by a rebound the next day, which can leave us feeling agitated.
  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the yin to glutamate’s yang. As the brain's "chill-out" chemical, GABA is like a traffic light that slows down and stops signals in the brain and body, helping us calm down and avoid overstimulation. Alcohol increases GABA at first, making us feel relaxed, but after we sober up and our GABA plunges, we will have trouble relaxing.

While this chemical activity plays out all over the body, it’s mostly concentrated in two areas. 

  • The prefrontal cortex is located directly behind the forehead. It regulates thoughts, actions, and emotions by regulating executive functions — planning, prioritizing, attention, organization, working memory, and flexibility. When alcohol gets in the mix, these things become harder to do. We start to make poor decisions and our priorities shift.
  • The amygdala is located right at the center of the brain and controls memory, fear, and the “fight or flight” response. Alcohol inhibits the function of the amygdala, reducing our anxiety and making us feel fearless. This is closely tied to poor decision making from the prefrontal cortex.

The Body on Booze

We know how alcohol impacts our brain, but how does alcohol impact our body? How does our body respond to drinking for the first time?

The most prominent and obvious effect is the slow reaction time and poor coordination caused by glutamate and GABA imbalance. This is why, when drunk, people often stumble around or have trouble standing, and it’s also why drinking and driving is such a bad idea. These neurochemicals are also responsible for other physical effects of alcohol, like increased heart rate, sweating, and dizziness.

What To Do During a Drinking Party

Deeper in our body, our liver is working hard to process alcohol. Alcohol is metabolized by two liver enzymes: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). Together, these enzymes break up the alcohol molecule and make it possible to eliminate it from the body. The length of time this metabolism takes depends on the amount of alcohol consumed, as well as age, gender, weight, health, and other factors.

Understanding these processes helps us understand how what we’re putting in our body affects us. However, it’s important to keep in mind that these things work a little differently in different groups of people. How different and for which groups of people? Let’s look!

Demographics of Drinking for the First Time

Early experimentation with alcohol among youth is very common in Western countries, as Arlette Buchmann and her colleagues reported in 2009. In the United States, nearly a third of us report having their first drink between the ages of 16 and 18. This finding is not surprising considering human brains and bodies don’t finish developing fully until around age 25.

Young brains are still developing the capacity to assess and understand risks, including the negative effects and consequences of alcohol. Alcohol also inhibits risk assessment, which perpetuates a cycle of drinking behavior. That’s one reason young people are so much more likely to binge drink.

A 2020 study by Briana Lees and her team reported that alcohol consumption during youth can alter brain structure, negatively (and maybe permanently) affecting cognition and function. Likewise, 2008 research by Dawson et al. found an association between age at first drinking and the risk of developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). They also found that many young people drink to get drunk rather than due to dependence.

For others beyond youth who may be drinking for the first time, being well-informed about alcohol’s effects is just as important. Inexperience means first-time drinkers of any age may be unable to know their limits, which leaves them unsure of whether or not what they’re experiencing is normal. As a result, the lessons we learn from getting drunk for the first time are often hard lessons. 

For all drinkers, newbies or not, the key to having a safe and enjoyable experience with alcohol is moderation. When we sip slowly, watch our intake, and set limits, we can avoid some of alcohol’s most awful short-term effects.

Defining Moderation

According to the USDA dietary guidelines for Americans, drinking moderately means limiting alcohol intake to fewer than two drinks in a day for men and one drink for women. The reason is the way the body metabolizes alcohol and how long it takes for it to get out of our system.

As a rough guideline, the liver can process about one standard drink per hour. However, all alcoholic beverages are not made equal, so one can of beer or cocktail could actually contain more than one standard drink. One standard drink is defined as 14 grams of ethanol — aka, pure alcohol. Here’s what that looks like:

  • 12 ounces of beer at 5% alcohol content
  • 5 ounces of wine at 12% alcohol content
  • 1.5 ounces of spirits or hard liquor at 40% alcohol content

Alcohol content is measured by a unit called alcohol by volume (ABV). 
It measures the amount of ethanol in the beverage. If a 12-ounce can of beer is 5% ABV, that means that 5% of the can is ethanol and the rest is mostly water.

It’s worthwhile to note that not every beer is 5% (although that’s a good guideline). Craft beer regularly exceeds 10%, which is closer in strength to a wine! Being mindful of the ABV allows us to choose our drinks wisely. Likewise, it matters how quickly we drink. Sipping on a beer over the course of an hour will affect us less than doing a shot of tequila.

How Long After Drinking Alcohol Am I Safe To Drive?

The fact that driving after drinking is illegal speaks to its dangers — and gives us a good idea of just how much alcohol affects our functions. Remember how it takes the liver an hour to process one drink? The general rule is to wait one hour for each drink we’ve had to give our liver time to catch up and do its job. Having three drinks with friends during Happy Hour means waiting three hours before driving.

Paying attention to this rule is important not only for the safety of ourselves and others, but because the legal consequences of drinking and driving are serious. We could lose our license, or even go to jail — and the consequences only go up when we commit other traffic violations (like speeding or running traffic signals) while intoxicated.

Stages of Intoxication

As previously noted, when we drink for the first time, we don’t know our limits or have a baseline to judge our state of mind. So how does it feel to be drunk for the first time? Let’s outline some basics. 

  • Tipsy stage. During this stage, we feel happy, chatty, and confident. Reaction time starts to slow down. Physically, we may feel warm, slightly numb, and have minor coordination issues.
  • Drunk stage. By this point, we are experiencing impaired motor control, blurred vision, impaired reaction time, racing heart, slow thinking, impaired judgment, blackouts, memory loss, fatigue. We may still be happy, but we’re also experiencing mood swings.
  • Danger stage. Once we reach “blackout drunk,” we are in a danger stage. When we black out — or lose awareness of ourselves and our surroundings — we are no longer exhibiting executive functions. We can get ourselves into regrettable or dangerous situations and possibly give ourselves alcohol poisoning. That can be serious and unfortunately is all too common among first-time drinkers who do not know their limits!

Avoiding the drunk and danger stages is ideal because, by that point, we may not realize how our actions can lead to serious consequences.

Tips for A Positive Experience

In general, monitoring and preventing excessive drinking involves setting realistic goals and recognizing triggers. Let’s consider several helpful strategies for any drinker but especially those drinking for the first time.

  • Practice mindful drinking. A drink should be a time to relax, wind down and enjoy. You can do this by sipping slowly and savoring each sip and taking the time to notice the flavors. What do you like or dislike about it? How is it making you feel? 
  • Hydrate! The best way to drink moderately is to alternate your alcoholic beverages with those that are non-alcoholic, such as water, soda, or juice. Alcohol dehydrates us, so replenishing is important — and it slows your alcohol consumption.
  • Cultivate social support. Be mindful that there are different types of drinkers, such as heavy drinkers, moderate ones, and abstainers. There is no shame in communicating openly with friends and family about your drinking preference by saying, “I’m just going to have one drink tonight.” On the other hand, if you know the group that’s asking you to join them are heavy drinkers, consider passing. Peer pressure is real! Surrounding yourself with a supportive network of like-minded drinkers can positively reinforce your drink choices.
  • Understand limits. You may not know what “too drunk” feels like, so educate yourself on recommended alcohol limits and stay within them. Discovering your limits after the fact is often not fun. Reflect on how you feel and consider keeping track in your phone’s notes app to stay on top of your state of mind.
  • Consider alcohol-free alternatives. Alcohol-free options are becoming increasingly popular, and they taste good, too. Restaurants now offer several mocktail options on their drink menus, making socializing without alcohol an enjoyable experience. Experiment and find the ones you like best. 
  • Reflect and journal. Some people find journaling a helpful way to reflect on their drinking experiences. Being able to document your experiences and how you felt at the time provides an opportunity to not only create awareness and insights but also to identify patterns, good and bad.
  • Seek professional guidance. Problem drinking can sneak up on any of us, first-time drinkers or not. For anyone who finds themselves struggling with substance misuse or dependence, seek professional help. There is a range of professional assistance from therapists, counselors, and support groups.

Takeaways

Drinking for the first time, especially at a young age, may feel like joining a club or “coming of age.” It may stem from a desire to fit in or simply be a response to curiosity. Remember, we do not need to drink if we don’t want to. But if you decide to drink, stay mindful and practice moderation to ensure a positive and safe experience.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-01-23 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
Strategies for a Healthier Weekend Drinking Experience
This is some text inside of a div block.

Learn how to develop strategies for drinking responsibly at social gatherings, and how to prepare for and recover from a night of drinking.

18 min read

Develop a Healthier Relationship to Alcohol With the Reframe App

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions worldwide drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills to survive drinking less and thrive while navigating the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re constantly introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! We launch fun challenges monthly, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for seven days, so you have nothing to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

Socializing is a core part of being human. Nothing beats getting together with friends, family, or coworkers to enjoy each other’s company, share stories, have some laughs, and enjoy a meal. Whether it’s at a backyard BBQ, a high school reunion, or a birthday party, socializing is a part of everyday life for most people.

Whether we like it or not, alcohol is also a common part of socialization. For those of us trying to maintain a healthy relationship with alcohol, it can be difficult to strike a balance between joining in on the fun and staying true to our drinking goals. But by mindfully cultivating a healthier approach to drinking, we can enjoy ourselves and be present in the moment without overdoing it. Let’s dive into the importance of developing mindful drinking habits and how to prepare for a night of drinking.

How Alcohol Affects Us

Alcohol has profound effects on many parts of the body, but has the most immediate and noticeable effects on the brain. Understanding how alcohol affects this vital organ can help us know how to prepare for drinking.

Let’s consider what aspects of brain health are affected by alcohol:

  • Neurotransmitters. These brain chemicals are responsible for sparking the signals that flow through our nervous system. Alcohol consumption increases the release of dopamine (the “feel-good” chemical), which contributes to alcohol’s rewarding effects.
  • Prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex is the brain region that regulates emotions, thoughts, and actions. Alcohol impairs prefrontal cortex functions, which play a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and personality expression. This manifests as poor judgment, decreased inhibitions, mood swings, and impaired ability to plan and prioritize appropriately.
  • Amygdala. The amygdala regulates decision-making, memory, instincts like the “fight or flight” reaction. Alcohol reduces the amygdala’s ability to detect threatening information. This lapse explains why we fail to react to threatening circumstances when we drink excessively.

In simple terms, beginning with our first sip, alcohol goes straight to our heads. Alcohol’s effects begin immediately, and as we drink more, the effects become amplified.

What Goes in Must Come Out

As soon as we take a sip, our body springs into action to start metabolizing alcohol. The liver is the leading player in alcohol metabolism — it breaks it down and starts the process of detoxification. It’s able to process alcohol at a rate of approximately one drink per hour

Remember this guideline when thinking about what to do before drinking at an event. Before we head out, we should consider how long we plan to stay so we can pace the number of drinks we have accordingly. 

Choosing Drinks Wisely

When it comes to serving alcoholic beverages, hosts bear some responsibility to ensure that their guests not only have a good time but that they feel accommodated — and stay safe. When hosting a party, we should plan to include low-alcoholic and non-alcoholic options in our beverage selection. If we’re attending a party where we know there will be drinking, it may be beneficial to bring the non-alcoholic fun with us.

Alcohol-Free Options

  • Mocktails. At one time, there weren’t many options for non-alcoholic cocktails. These days, craft mocktails are becoming increasingly popular and can even be ordered at any bar. Non-alcoholic spirits are indeed thriving, with new products hitting the shelves all the time.
  • Non-alcoholic beer. Non-alcoholic beer has certainly come a long way from its old boring-tasting reputation. Today, there are plenty of options for non-alcoholic beer to suit everyone’s tastes. While non-alcoholic beer may be triggering for some people, others may take comfort in being able to enjoy a drink without the consequences.
  • Wine. Non-alcoholic wine is more than just grape juice! The difference is in how it’s processed, and there are a wide variety of non-alcoholic wines on the shelves (and online). Much like non-alcoholic beer, this drink has positive and negative attributes when it comes to our drinking triggers. 

For hosts and guests, choosing alcohol-free versions of popular drinks can be a healthy game-changer. The wide range of alcohol-free options offers us a way to enjoy any social event or an evening at home without the need for excessive alcohol consumption.

Low-Alcohol Options

If we want to indulge with a drink, there are some smart choices we can make to keep things light. Let’s look at a few.

  • Cocktails. There are creative ways of making cocktails that are lower in alcohol content — but big on taste. Low-alcohol cocktails generally have no more than 10% alcohol content. This is considerably less than traditional cocktails, which have 25% to 37% alcohol content. Be sure to ask for a “single” or stick to just one serving (1.5 ounces) of liquor, and load up on mixers!
  • Beer. Reduced-alcohol beer can be in two categories: light beer typically contains less than 5% alcohol by volume (ABV), and often less. There’s also low-alcohol beers specially crafted to have closer to 1-2% ABV.  
  • Wine. In general, red wines have a 15% alcohol content, higher than their white wine counterpart, which has 12% alcohol. At the same time, there are wine choices with even lower alcohol content, even as low as 6%. When drinking wine, portion control is key.

Even with all the available low-alcohol beverage options, it’s still wise to drink in moderation and alternate with non-alcoholic drink options.

Calories and Nutrition

Beyond its intoxicating effects, alcohol is well-known for packing in the calories. Let’s look at some examples of where calories are hiding in alcoholic beverages.

  • A single cocktail ranges from 150 to 200 calories per glass
  • A 12 ounce bottle of beer is approximately 154 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of dry red wine is approximately 125 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of dry white wine is approximately 120 calories

Now, let’s look at their alcohol-free counterparts:

  • Mocktails range between 30 to 35 calories per glass
  • A 12 ounce glass of non-alcoholic beer ranges between 17 to 90 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of non-alcoholic dry red wine ranges between 30 to 35 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of non-alcoholic dry white wine is approximately 18 calories 

And the winner is … you guessed it! Setting intoxication issues aside, non-alcoholic drinks are a wise choice for those of us who are counting calories. Alcohol is high in empty calories, which causes us to gain weight without enjoying the nutrition we’d get from a balanced diet. While there are some low-calorie versions of alcoholic beverages, the best bet for strict calorie counters is to stick with alcohol-free options.

Eating Mindfully

The relationship between food and alcohol absorption is often overlooked. When thinking about how to prepare for a night of drinking, we should consider having something to eat before heading out and continuing to eat something while there.

Drinking on an empty stomach is not advisable. According to the McDonald Center at the University of Notre Dame, having food in our stomach helps to slow the processing of alcohol. A person who has not eaten will hit peak intoxication more quickly than those who eat a big meal beforehand. While this may seem like a more efficient way to reach intoxication, it can be dangerous and can even be an indication of an eating disorder.

Beyond eating a balanced meal before drinking, full of lean protein, healthy fats, and plenty of vegetables, smart snacking can ensure a better post-drinking experience. Let’s look at some of the best snack options to consider at drinking events.

  • Fruits. Fruits are high in water content and will help maintain hydration. Apples, in particular, help reduce the inflammation in the intestines that results from alcohol use.
  • Lean proteins. Lean proteins, including chicken, tofu, beans, and Greek yogurt help to line our stomachs and keep us feeling full when consuming alcohol.
  • Starchy foods. Serving starchy foods like crackers helps to absorb alcoholic drinks. However, it’s best to avoid foods high in salt. Salty foods increase thirst and encourage us to drink more. Think about the bowls of peanuts and pretzels at a bar. They are put there for a reason: to motivate customers to order more drinks.

By focusing on these choices and making a plan for our food intake before we start drinking, we can avoid the poor food choices that often accompany a night of overindulgence in alcohol.

The Next Day

A night of drinking can present challenges. The morning after can sometimes be worse. It’s essential to prioritize our well-being and recovery. After we’ve overindulged, it’s important to hydrate to replenish our body’s store of water. Drinks with electrolytes are also important, especially if we have consumed large quantities of alcohol. Electrolytes help us recover from hangovers more quickly.

Eating a balanced meal can help stabilize our blood sugar levels and relieve nausea. That same old nutrition guidance — veggies, whole grains, lean protein — is even more important after drinking. These nutrients give our body the tools it needs to recover and repair.

Rest is also crucial, and the most important factor in recovery is time. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen may relieve headaches, but avoid Tylenol — it stresses out the liver, which is still recovering from its hard work the day before. On the other hand, many pain relievers are hard on the stomach. Keep within the recommended doses and take it easy if you have a sensitive stomach.

Remember, it's important to learn from a hangover. It’s an opportunity to develop mindful drinking practices or rethink our relationship with alcohol.

Establishing Mindful Drinking Practices

Mindful drinking techniques can help us make better decisions about drinking. Let’s look at some helpful examples. 

  • Savor the experience. We don’t need to race to get to the bottom of the glass. By shifting our focus to savoring each sip, we’ll enjoy our drink more and, equally importantly, slow down our drinking pace. When we savor, we can derive more enjoyment from fewer drinks.
  • Make a plan. By making a plan or setting a limit on our alcohol use, we can avoid peer pressure or mindless drinking.
  • Stay hydrated. Staying hydrated is a crucial aspect of responsible drinking. Water, soda, juice, or any alcohol-free beverage will do. Hydration is important before drinking because alcohol itself has a dehydrating effect — being well-hydrated counteracts some of the negative effects of alcohol.
  • Explore mocktails. Mocktails and non-alcoholic beverages are becoming increasingly fancy, widely available, and socially acceptable. Keeping a mocktail in hand helps us feel part of the group without reflexively indulging.
  • Alternate drinks. Consider alternating between alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Alternating between the two will accomplish two things: it will ensure we remain hydrated and, once again, help us pace our alcohol intake.

Takeaways

As we navigate the landscape of social gatherings with and without alcohol, it is important to prioritize a healthier and more mindful approach. From understanding alcohol’s effects to making informed choices, savoring the experience, and choosing low- and non-alcoholic beverages, we’ll be better equipped to enjoy social gatherings without compromising our well-being. Remember, a social event can be an enjoyable and health-conscious experience when we are empowered to take control of our drinking. 

Socializing is a core part of being human. Nothing beats getting together with friends, family, or coworkers to enjoy each other’s company, share stories, have some laughs, and enjoy a meal. Whether it’s at a backyard BBQ, a high school reunion, or a birthday party, socializing is a part of everyday life for most people.

Whether we like it or not, alcohol is also a common part of socialization. For those of us trying to maintain a healthy relationship with alcohol, it can be difficult to strike a balance between joining in on the fun and staying true to our drinking goals. But by mindfully cultivating a healthier approach to drinking, we can enjoy ourselves and be present in the moment without overdoing it. Let’s dive into the importance of developing mindful drinking habits and how to prepare for a night of drinking.

How Alcohol Affects Us

Alcohol has profound effects on many parts of the body, but has the most immediate and noticeable effects on the brain. Understanding how alcohol affects this vital organ can help us know how to prepare for drinking.

Let’s consider what aspects of brain health are affected by alcohol:

  • Neurotransmitters. These brain chemicals are responsible for sparking the signals that flow through our nervous system. Alcohol consumption increases the release of dopamine (the “feel-good” chemical), which contributes to alcohol’s rewarding effects.
  • Prefrontal cortex. The prefrontal cortex is the brain region that regulates emotions, thoughts, and actions. Alcohol impairs prefrontal cortex functions, which play a crucial role in decision-making, impulse control, and personality expression. This manifests as poor judgment, decreased inhibitions, mood swings, and impaired ability to plan and prioritize appropriately.
  • Amygdala. The amygdala regulates decision-making, memory, instincts like the “fight or flight” reaction. Alcohol reduces the amygdala’s ability to detect threatening information. This lapse explains why we fail to react to threatening circumstances when we drink excessively.

In simple terms, beginning with our first sip, alcohol goes straight to our heads. Alcohol’s effects begin immediately, and as we drink more, the effects become amplified.

What Goes in Must Come Out

As soon as we take a sip, our body springs into action to start metabolizing alcohol. The liver is the leading player in alcohol metabolism — it breaks it down and starts the process of detoxification. It’s able to process alcohol at a rate of approximately one drink per hour

Remember this guideline when thinking about what to do before drinking at an event. Before we head out, we should consider how long we plan to stay so we can pace the number of drinks we have accordingly. 

Choosing Drinks Wisely

When it comes to serving alcoholic beverages, hosts bear some responsibility to ensure that their guests not only have a good time but that they feel accommodated — and stay safe. When hosting a party, we should plan to include low-alcoholic and non-alcoholic options in our beverage selection. If we’re attending a party where we know there will be drinking, it may be beneficial to bring the non-alcoholic fun with us.

Alcohol-Free Options

  • Mocktails. At one time, there weren’t many options for non-alcoholic cocktails. These days, craft mocktails are becoming increasingly popular and can even be ordered at any bar. Non-alcoholic spirits are indeed thriving, with new products hitting the shelves all the time.
  • Non-alcoholic beer. Non-alcoholic beer has certainly come a long way from its old boring-tasting reputation. Today, there are plenty of options for non-alcoholic beer to suit everyone’s tastes. While non-alcoholic beer may be triggering for some people, others may take comfort in being able to enjoy a drink without the consequences.
  • Wine. Non-alcoholic wine is more than just grape juice! The difference is in how it’s processed, and there are a wide variety of non-alcoholic wines on the shelves (and online). Much like non-alcoholic beer, this drink has positive and negative attributes when it comes to our drinking triggers. 

For hosts and guests, choosing alcohol-free versions of popular drinks can be a healthy game-changer. The wide range of alcohol-free options offers us a way to enjoy any social event or an evening at home without the need for excessive alcohol consumption.

Low-Alcohol Options

If we want to indulge with a drink, there are some smart choices we can make to keep things light. Let’s look at a few.

  • Cocktails. There are creative ways of making cocktails that are lower in alcohol content — but big on taste. Low-alcohol cocktails generally have no more than 10% alcohol content. This is considerably less than traditional cocktails, which have 25% to 37% alcohol content. Be sure to ask for a “single” or stick to just one serving (1.5 ounces) of liquor, and load up on mixers!
  • Beer. Reduced-alcohol beer can be in two categories: light beer typically contains less than 5% alcohol by volume (ABV), and often less. There’s also low-alcohol beers specially crafted to have closer to 1-2% ABV.  
  • Wine. In general, red wines have a 15% alcohol content, higher than their white wine counterpart, which has 12% alcohol. At the same time, there are wine choices with even lower alcohol content, even as low as 6%. When drinking wine, portion control is key.

Even with all the available low-alcohol beverage options, it’s still wise to drink in moderation and alternate with non-alcoholic drink options.

Calories and Nutrition

Beyond its intoxicating effects, alcohol is well-known for packing in the calories. Let’s look at some examples of where calories are hiding in alcoholic beverages.

  • A single cocktail ranges from 150 to 200 calories per glass
  • A 12 ounce bottle of beer is approximately 154 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of dry red wine is approximately 125 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of dry white wine is approximately 120 calories

Now, let’s look at their alcohol-free counterparts:

  • Mocktails range between 30 to 35 calories per glass
  • A 12 ounce glass of non-alcoholic beer ranges between 17 to 90 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of non-alcoholic dry red wine ranges between 30 to 35 calories
  • A 5 ounce glass of non-alcoholic dry white wine is approximately 18 calories 

And the winner is … you guessed it! Setting intoxication issues aside, non-alcoholic drinks are a wise choice for those of us who are counting calories. Alcohol is high in empty calories, which causes us to gain weight without enjoying the nutrition we’d get from a balanced diet. While there are some low-calorie versions of alcoholic beverages, the best bet for strict calorie counters is to stick with alcohol-free options.

Eating Mindfully

The relationship between food and alcohol absorption is often overlooked. When thinking about how to prepare for a night of drinking, we should consider having something to eat before heading out and continuing to eat something while there.

Drinking on an empty stomach is not advisable. According to the McDonald Center at the University of Notre Dame, having food in our stomach helps to slow the processing of alcohol. A person who has not eaten will hit peak intoxication more quickly than those who eat a big meal beforehand. While this may seem like a more efficient way to reach intoxication, it can be dangerous and can even be an indication of an eating disorder.

Beyond eating a balanced meal before drinking, full of lean protein, healthy fats, and plenty of vegetables, smart snacking can ensure a better post-drinking experience. Let’s look at some of the best snack options to consider at drinking events.

  • Fruits. Fruits are high in water content and will help maintain hydration. Apples, in particular, help reduce the inflammation in the intestines that results from alcohol use.
  • Lean proteins. Lean proteins, including chicken, tofu, beans, and Greek yogurt help to line our stomachs and keep us feeling full when consuming alcohol.
  • Starchy foods. Serving starchy foods like crackers helps to absorb alcoholic drinks. However, it’s best to avoid foods high in salt. Salty foods increase thirst and encourage us to drink more. Think about the bowls of peanuts and pretzels at a bar. They are put there for a reason: to motivate customers to order more drinks.

By focusing on these choices and making a plan for our food intake before we start drinking, we can avoid the poor food choices that often accompany a night of overindulgence in alcohol.

The Next Day

A night of drinking can present challenges. The morning after can sometimes be worse. It’s essential to prioritize our well-being and recovery. After we’ve overindulged, it’s important to hydrate to replenish our body’s store of water. Drinks with electrolytes are also important, especially if we have consumed large quantities of alcohol. Electrolytes help us recover from hangovers more quickly.

Eating a balanced meal can help stabilize our blood sugar levels and relieve nausea. That same old nutrition guidance — veggies, whole grains, lean protein — is even more important after drinking. These nutrients give our body the tools it needs to recover and repair.

Rest is also crucial, and the most important factor in recovery is time. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, aspirin, and naproxen may relieve headaches, but avoid Tylenol — it stresses out the liver, which is still recovering from its hard work the day before. On the other hand, many pain relievers are hard on the stomach. Keep within the recommended doses and take it easy if you have a sensitive stomach.

Remember, it's important to learn from a hangover. It’s an opportunity to develop mindful drinking practices or rethink our relationship with alcohol.

Establishing Mindful Drinking Practices

Mindful drinking techniques can help us make better decisions about drinking. Let’s look at some helpful examples. 

  • Savor the experience. We don’t need to race to get to the bottom of the glass. By shifting our focus to savoring each sip, we’ll enjoy our drink more and, equally importantly, slow down our drinking pace. When we savor, we can derive more enjoyment from fewer drinks.
  • Make a plan. By making a plan or setting a limit on our alcohol use, we can avoid peer pressure or mindless drinking.
  • Stay hydrated. Staying hydrated is a crucial aspect of responsible drinking. Water, soda, juice, or any alcohol-free beverage will do. Hydration is important before drinking because alcohol itself has a dehydrating effect — being well-hydrated counteracts some of the negative effects of alcohol.
  • Explore mocktails. Mocktails and non-alcoholic beverages are becoming increasingly fancy, widely available, and socially acceptable. Keeping a mocktail in hand helps us feel part of the group without reflexively indulging.
  • Alternate drinks. Consider alternating between alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Alternating between the two will accomplish two things: it will ensure we remain hydrated and, once again, help us pace our alcohol intake.

Takeaways

As we navigate the landscape of social gatherings with and without alcohol, it is important to prioritize a healthier and more mindful approach. From understanding alcohol’s effects to making informed choices, savoring the experience, and choosing low- and non-alcoholic beverages, we’ll be better equipped to enjoy social gatherings without compromising our well-being. Remember, a social event can be an enjoyable and health-conscious experience when we are empowered to take control of our drinking. 

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-01-17 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
What Is PAWS? What Is Its Role in Recovery?
This is some text inside of a div block.

Learn about the science behind PAWS and ways you can ease the symptoms after acute withdrawal is over.

20 min read

Ready To Leave PAWS in the Past and Change Your Relationship With Alcohol? Reframe Can Help!

Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!

The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.

You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.

Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol. 

And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).

The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!

Read Full Article  →

When you first hear the word “PAWS,” the word might make you think of clumsy lion cubs or a big, furry Saint Bernard dog. But that’s where the cuteness ends. Unfortunately, PAWS, or post-acute withdrawal syndrome, refers to the not-so-cute psychological symptoms that often set in after an addictive substance has left our systems. They can persist for months. What are the post-acute withdrawal symptom, and what does PAWS recovery look like? Let’s see what science has to say.

What Is PAWS?

First, let’s clarify the difference between regular withdrawal syndrome and the post-acute withdrawal kind.

Defining Withdrawal

When we use a substance such as alcohol for a long period of time, our body and brain get used to it. Addiction hijacks the brain’s reward system, which relies on the feel-good neurotransmitter dopamine to steer us toward behaviors and substances that make us — yes — “feel good.” While it evolved to keep us alive by encouraging us to look for foods that taste good and to seek out romantic partners, the system is vulnerable to anything that provides instant gratification, such as drugs, gambling, or even excessive shopping. 

All of these activities flood the brain with “free” dopamine, and it starts to expect the constant supply as the new normal. With time, the body also gets used to the new state of things. As a result, if the supply of dopamine suddenly stops, the body and brain stage a revolt, which manifests as withdrawal symptoms.

  • We might get nauseous and have trouble holding down food.
  • Our heart rate might increase, and we might sweat more due to overstimulation of our autonomic nervous system.
  • Our sleep gets disrupted.
  • Our mood changes as the levels of feel-good neurotransmitters are depleted.
  • Anxiety ramps up as dopamine levels plummet, and dynorphin levels ramp up.
  • We might get intense cravings for alcohol (or whatever substance we’ve been using).
  • In severe cases of alcohol withdrawal in particular, we might experience seizures and delirium tremens — the most serious (and potentially life-threatening) withdrawal effect.

How Is PAWS Different?

Unlike “acute” withdrawal symptoms, which set in around 24 hours after our last drink, peak for a couple of days, and dissipate within about a week, PAWS stages what feels like a sneak attack and can linger for months after there are no traces of the substance in our system. It’s not unique to alcohol — in fact, research shows that PAWS is associated with many different substances:

  • Alcohol
  • Opioids (heroin and prescription opioids)
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Stimulants (such as amphetamines) 
  • Marijuana
  • Nicotine
  • Caffeine
  • Antidepressants
  • Antipsychotics

PAWS Symptoms and Causes

While less medically dangerous than the symptoms of acute withdrawal, the mixture of physical, mental, and emotional turmoil that PAWS can bring may be just as (if not more) distressing:

  • Mood fluctuations. We might feel on top of the world one moment, down in the dumps the next, and irritated or angry shortly after. Mood changes are one of the most common symptoms of PAWS,  the direct result of the brain recovering from the neurotransmitter imbalances caused by addiction.
  • Anhedonia. One of the most distressing symptoms of PAWS is the frequent inability to find joy in things that used to bring us pleasure. In the case of alcohol, this symptom tends to be at its worst during the first 30 days of abstinence.

    Like mood swings, this symptom is the result of neurotransmitter imbalances, with dopamine depletion playing a particularly significant role. Our brain needs time to read, and, in the meantime, activities that used to stimulate dopamine release naturally (such as meeting new people, engaging in creative tasks, reading, or spending time with loved ones) can feel unfulfilling. That “something is missing” feeling seems like it will never pass, although it certainly will.
  • Stress sensitivity. Many people weathering PAWS find that their tolerance to stress plummets. A missed bus, a deadline at work — whatever the cause is, we might find ourselves easily going into full-blown panic mode. 
  • Sleep disturbances and fatigue. PAWS can make us feel drained, disrupting our sleep patterns and leaving us feeling like we can never quite catch up. Even if we clock in the right amount of hours, we might feel like we’re running on empty.
  • Difficulty concentrating. Our cognitive abilities might take a hit as well, making it harder to focus and keep our attention on tasks that require concentration. This is normal — it takes the brain some time to recalibrate. Though it might be frustrating to feel like we’re struggling to do tasks that came easily before, be patient. Our focus will return! 
  • Anxiety and depression. We might feel our anxiety or depression ramp up as part of PAWS. It can be frustrating to deal with life without a chemical “crutch” to rely on (even though in reality, alcohol tends to worsen anxiety and depression in the long run). Especially after the acute withdrawal period is over, people might expect us to be “back to normal,” when in reality we still feel miles away from our former selves. It’s important to cut ourselves some slack in this case and be patient — we’ve been through a lot, and we need time to rest and recover.
  • Cravings. Finally, cravings for alcohol (or the substance of choice) are a well-known symptom of PAWS. Even after physical dependence has ended, psychological dependence can persist for weeks, months, or even years. Once again, it’s important to be kind to ourselves when it comes to dealing with this understandably frustrating symptom. We’ll discuss some strategies on how to do so later on, but rest assured — there’s hope!

What Causes PAWS?

The cause of PAWS isn’t entirely clear. The brain is complex, and the simple truth is that it takes it a while to recover from the disarray caused by substance misuse. Certain genetic and environmental factors might also be at play.

But Does the Brain Eventually Recover?

Yes! Rest assured,” to “Yes! Take heart, PAWS isn’t permanent. Research shows that it might take a few weeks to several months, but most people find their way back to their former selves within about a year. As far as alcohol-related PAWS, a recent review in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs suggests that symptoms tend to last 4-6 months.

Can PAWS Be Avoided?

The best way to avoid PAWS is to approach the initial withdrawal process with care by going to a detox facility — especially for those of us who’ve been drinking (or using other substances) for a long time. A gradual detox process is much more gentle on the brain and body, and it can get the recovery process off to a good start. The treatment for alcohol usually involves benzodiazepines, which have an effect on the brain similar to alcohol. These medications can be administered in a medical setting and tapered off gradually over a few days, making the recovery process much more comfortable.

How Is PAWS Treated?

In general, treating PAWS calls for a highly individualized approach, and what works for one person might not work for another. Unlike acute withdrawal, PAWS doesn’t come with distinct physical symptoms that can be addressed with medication or specific types of therapy. Basically, there’s no universal protocol for treating PAWS other than providing support and possibly treating such symptoms as anxiety, depression, and insomnia with medications

That said, here are several things that people have found helpful in overcoming PAWS:

  1. Understand where your symptoms are coming from. It seems simple, but it can make a huge difference. Symptoms such as anhedonia, in particular, can be difficult to grapple with and feel as if they’ll last forever. However, as we’ve already mentioned — you won’t feel like this forever! Little by little, you’ll start seeing sparks of excitement and authentic joy reappear in your life. 
  2. Reframe the process as part of the journey. Try to see this as a chapter in your recovery story or as a sign that your body and mind are healing. The process might not always be easy, but look at it as a time of growth, change, and renewal. It will be worth it in the long run! Be kind to yourself and celebrate your recovery, even the parts that feel challenging. You’re moving forward!
  3. Start practicing minfulness. Mindfulness is a science-backed way to rebalance your brain chemistry, and it can work wonders when it comes to getting through psychological challenges like cravings. All it takes is a few minutes a day of simply observing your mind without judgment. There are many different ways to do it — you can try deep breathing exercises, meditation, yoga practice, sound healing, or various brainwave meditations.
  4. Nourish your body. Nutrition, hydration, and sleep — these three elements of healthy living go a long way toward minimizing the impact of PAWS symptoms on your life. When we’re not at our best emotionally, our eating and sleep habits tend to suffer. Keep your fridge stocked with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. Be sure to include healthy fats (such as salmon or avocados) in your diet to help your brain recover faster. 
  5. Stay active. Exercise is amazing when it comes to restoring the levels of neurotransmitters depleted by alcohol use while releasing endorphins and lowering cortisol levels — all of which helps reduce stress. Pick an activity that you like, and stick with it. If going to the gym isn’t your thing — no problem! There are plenty of workout apps and YouTube channels with exercise videos to choose from. Some great ones to try? Popsugar Fitness and The Fitness Marshall have a little bit of everything. Heather Robertson is terrific for High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), and The Studio by Jamie Kinkeade is full of fun dance workouts.
  6. Talk to the pros. Connecting a therapist you connect with can make a huge difference in the recovery process as well. If you want to understand your thought patterns better, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help.
  7. Make sure you have a support team around you. Supportive friends and family members are key to your recovery. It can also be incredibly helpful to join a recovery community to share stories and advice with people who are on the same path. (The Reframe forums are available 24/7 and filled with people ready to cheer you on!)
  8. Find ways to boost dopamine naturally. While time is the best cure for restoring neurotransmitter levels that have been offset by alcohol, there are still ways we can speed this process along. One way is by forming authentic social connections — or reconnecting with old friends. It can be especially helpful to reestablish connections with people who remember the “real” you before alcohol got in the way. But building new bonds can work wonders as well! Now that you have access to your authentic emotions and personality (though it might not always feel like it quite yet), there’s so much to discover. Creative activities — anything that gets you in the so-called “flow” state — are great ways to boost dopamine naturally. Try whatever appeals to you — writing, gardening, learning a programming language, making quilts, making your own homemade granola — it doesn’t matter what it is as long as it gets your creative juices flowing.
  9. Get excited about new opportunities. A big part of what makes the alcohol recovery journey — and PAWS in particular — so difficult is continuing to miss alcohol and its effects. It’s easy (and natural, brain-wise) to forget the bad parts and remember the “fun.” There’s even a name for it: euphoric recall. But you can be sure you’re not missing out on anything. In fact, it’s just the opposite! There’s a whole world of opportunities to discover, people to meet, and skills to learn. Try to look at this part of your life with appreciation and, most importantly, curiosity about the future. Who knows what you’ll discover without alcohol getting in the way?

Life After PAWS

Although it might not seem like it right now, there will be a time when PAWS will be behind you. Right now, you’re getting closer to that point every single day. It’s absolutely worth waiting for! Allow yourself to feel excited about the future and know that you’re on a journey to a more fulfilling, interesting, and meaningful life, and the weight of PAWS will start to lift sooner than you think.

When you first hear the word “PAWS,” the word might make you think of clumsy lion cubs or a big, furry Saint Bernard dog. But that’s where the cuteness ends. Unfortunately, PAWS, or post-acute withdrawal syndrome, refers to the not-so-cute psychological symptoms that often set in after an addictive substance has left our systems. They can persist for months. What are the post-acute withdrawal symptom, and what does PAWS recovery look like? Let’s see what science has to say.

What Is PAWS?

First, let’s clarify the difference between regular withdrawal syndrome and the post-acute withdrawal kind.

Defining Withdrawal

When we use a substance such as alcohol for a long period of time, our body and brain get used to it. Addiction hijacks the brain’s reward system, which relies on the feel-good neurotransmitter dopamine to steer us toward behaviors and substances that make us — yes — “feel good.” While it evolved to keep us alive by encouraging us to look for foods that taste good and to seek out romantic partners, the system is vulnerable to anything that provides instant gratification, such as drugs, gambling, or even excessive shopping. 

All of these activities flood the brain with “free” dopamine, and it starts to expect the constant supply as the new normal. With time, the body also gets used to the new state of things. As a result, if the supply of dopamine suddenly stops, the body and brain stage a revolt, which manifests as withdrawal symptoms.

  • We might get nauseous and have trouble holding down food.
  • Our heart rate might increase, and we might sweat more due to overstimulation of our autonomic nervous system.
  • Our sleep gets disrupted.
  • Our mood changes as the levels of feel-good neurotransmitters are depleted.
  • Anxiety ramps up as dopamine levels plummet, and dynorphin levels ramp up.
  • We might get intense cravings for alcohol (or whatever substance we’ve been using).
  • In severe cases of alcohol withdrawal in particular, we might experience seizures and delirium tremens — the most serious (and potentially life-threatening) withdrawal effect.

How Is PAWS Different?

Unlike “acute” withdrawal symptoms, which set in around 24 hours after our last drink, peak for a couple of days, and dissipate within about a week, PAWS stages what feels like a sneak attack and can linger for months after there are no traces of the substance in our system. It’s not unique to alcohol — in fact, research shows that PAWS is associated with many different substances:

  • Alcohol
  • Opioids (heroin and prescription opioids)
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Stimulants (such as amphetamines) 
  • Marijuana
  • Nicotine
  • Caffeine
  • Antidepressants
  • Antipsychotics

PAWS Symptoms and Causes

While less medically dangerous than the symptoms of acute withdrawal, the mixture of physical, mental, and emotional turmoil that PAWS can bring may be just as (if not more) distressing:

  • Mood fluctuations. We might feel on top of the world one moment, down in the dumps the next, and irritated or angry shortly after. Mood changes are one of the most common symptoms of PAWS,  the direct result of the brain recovering from the neurotransmitter imbalances caused by addiction.
  • Anhedonia. One of the most distressing symptoms of PAWS is the frequent inability to find joy in things that used to bring us pleasure. In the case of alcohol, this symptom tends to be at its worst during the first 30 days of abstinence.

    Like mood swings, this symptom is the result of neurotransmitter imbalances, with dopamine depletion playing a particularly significant role. Our brain needs time to read, and, in the meantime, activities that used to stimulate dopamine release naturally (such as meeting new people, engaging in creative tasks, reading, or spending time with loved ones) can feel unfulfilling. That “something is missing” feeling seems like it will never pass, although it certainly will.
  • Stress sensitivity. Many people weathering PAWS find that their tolerance to stress plummets. A missed bus, a deadline at work — whatever the cause is, we might find ourselves easily going into full-blown panic mode. 
  • Sleep disturbances and fatigue. PAWS can make us feel drained, disrupting our sleep patterns and leaving us feeling like we can never quite catch up. Even if we clock in the right amount of hours, we might feel like we’re running on empty.
  • Difficulty concentrating. Our cognitive abilities might take a hit as well, making it harder to focus and keep our attention on tasks that require concentration. This is normal — it takes the brain some time to recalibrate. Though it might be frustrating to feel like we’re struggling to do tasks that came easily before, be patient. Our focus will return! 
  • Anxiety and depression. We might feel our anxiety or depression ramp up as part of PAWS. It can be frustrating to deal with life without a chemical “crutch” to rely on (even though in reality, alcohol tends to worsen anxiety and depression in the long run). Especially after the acute withdrawal period is over, people might expect us to be “back to normal,” when in reality we still feel miles away from our former selves. It’s important to cut ourselves some slack in this case and be patient — we’ve been through a lot, and we need time to rest and recover.
  • Cravings. Finally, cravings for alcohol (or the substance of choice) are a well-known symptom of PAWS. Even after physical dependence has ended, psychological dependence can persist for weeks, months, or even years. Once again, it’s important to be kind to ourselves when it comes to dealing with this understandably frustrating symptom. We’ll discuss some strategies on how to do so later on, but rest assured — there’s hope!

What Causes PAWS?

The cause of PAWS isn’t entirely clear. The brain is complex, and the simple truth is that it takes it a while to recover from the disarray caused by substance misuse. Certain genetic and environmental factors might also be at play.

But Does the Brain Eventually Recover?

Yes! Rest assured,” to “Yes! Take heart, PAWS isn’t permanent. Research shows that it might take a few weeks to several months, but most people find their way back to their former selves within about a year. As far as alcohol-related PAWS, a recent review in the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs suggests that symptoms tend to last 4-6 months.

Can PAWS Be Avoided?

The best way to avoid PAWS is to approach the initial withdrawal process with care by going to a detox facility — especially for those of us who’ve been drinking (or using other substances) for a long time. A gradual detox process is much more gentle on the brain and body, and it can get the recovery process off to a good start. The treatment for alcohol usually involves benzodiazepines, which have an effect on the brain similar to alcohol. These medications can be administered in a medical setting and tapered off gradually over a few days, making the recovery process much more comfortable.

How Is PAWS Treated?

In general, treating PAWS calls for a highly individualized approach, and what works for one person might not work for another. Unlike acute withdrawal, PAWS doesn’t come with distinct physical symptoms that can be addressed with medication or specific types of therapy. Basically, there’s no universal protocol for treating PAWS other than providing support and possibly treating such symptoms as anxiety, depression, and insomnia with medications

That said, here are several things that people have found helpful in overcoming PAWS:

  1. Understand where your symptoms are coming from. It seems simple, but it can make a huge difference. Symptoms such as anhedonia, in particular, can be difficult to grapple with and feel as if they’ll last forever. However, as we’ve already mentioned — you won’t feel like this forever! Little by little, you’ll start seeing sparks of excitement and authentic joy reappear in your life. 
  2. Reframe the process as part of the journey. Try to see this as a chapter in your recovery story or as a sign that your body and mind are healing. The process might not always be easy, but look at it as a time of growth, change, and renewal. It will be worth it in the long run! Be kind to yourself and celebrate your recovery, even the parts that feel challenging. You’re moving forward!
  3. Start practicing minfulness. Mindfulness is a science-backed way to rebalance your brain chemistry, and it can work wonders when it comes to getting through psychological challenges like cravings. All it takes is a few minutes a day of simply observing your mind without judgment. There are many different ways to do it — you can try deep breathing exercises, meditation, yoga practice, sound healing, or various brainwave meditations.
  4. Nourish your body. Nutrition, hydration, and sleep — these three elements of healthy living go a long way toward minimizing the impact of PAWS symptoms on your life. When we’re not at our best emotionally, our eating and sleep habits tend to suffer. Keep your fridge stocked with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. Be sure to include healthy fats (such as salmon or avocados) in your diet to help your brain recover faster. 
  5. Stay active. Exercise is amazing when it comes to restoring the levels of neurotransmitters depleted by alcohol use while releasing endorphins and lowering cortisol levels — all of which helps reduce stress. Pick an activity that you like, and stick with it. If going to the gym isn’t your thing — no problem! There are plenty of workout apps and YouTube channels with exercise videos to choose from. Some great ones to try? Popsugar Fitness and The Fitness Marshall have a little bit of everything. Heather Robertson is terrific for High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), and The Studio by Jamie Kinkeade is full of fun dance workouts.
  6. Talk to the pros. Connecting a therapist you connect with can make a huge difference in the recovery process as well. If you want to understand your thought patterns better, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help.
  7. Make sure you have a support team around you. Supportive friends and family members are key to your recovery. It can also be incredibly helpful to join a recovery community to share stories and advice with people who are on the same path. (The Reframe forums are available 24/7 and filled with people ready to cheer you on!)
  8. Find ways to boost dopamine naturally. While time is the best cure for restoring neurotransmitter levels that have been offset by alcohol, there are still ways we can speed this process along. One way is by forming authentic social connections — or reconnecting with old friends. It can be especially helpful to reestablish connections with people who remember the “real” you before alcohol got in the way. But building new bonds can work wonders as well! Now that you have access to your authentic emotions and personality (though it might not always feel like it quite yet), there’s so much to discover. Creative activities — anything that gets you in the so-called “flow” state — are great ways to boost dopamine naturally. Try whatever appeals to you — writing, gardening, learning a programming language, making quilts, making your own homemade granola — it doesn’t matter what it is as long as it gets your creative juices flowing.
  9. Get excited about new opportunities. A big part of what makes the alcohol recovery journey — and PAWS in particular — so difficult is continuing to miss alcohol and its effects. It’s easy (and natural, brain-wise) to forget the bad parts and remember the “fun.” There’s even a name for it: euphoric recall. But you can be sure you’re not missing out on anything. In fact, it’s just the opposite! There’s a whole world of opportunities to discover, people to meet, and skills to learn. Try to look at this part of your life with appreciation and, most importantly, curiosity about the future. Who knows what you’ll discover without alcohol getting in the way?

Life After PAWS

Although it might not seem like it right now, there will be a time when PAWS will be behind you. Right now, you’re getting closer to that point every single day. It’s absolutely worth waiting for! Allow yourself to feel excited about the future and know that you’re on a journey to a more fulfilling, interesting, and meaningful life, and the weight of PAWS will start to lift sooner than you think.

Alcohol and Mental Health
2024-01-17 9:00
Alcohol and Mental Health
The Importance of Being in Control While Drinking at Parties
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Explore how to stay mindful and in control while drinking at parties. Learn how to make a plan (and stick to it!), and strategies for having a good time without succumbing to peer pressure.

14 min read

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How To Stay in Control While Drinking at Parties

Parties can take many shapes, but we often picture parties as fun, boisterous events where friends get together to unwind, laugh, celebrate, or blow off steam at the end of the week. A party may be as relaxed as games, conversations, and laughter, or it may be as wild as people showing off their latest dance moves and singing their hearts out to the music.

At many parties, alcohol is one of the main ingredients used to set the tone. Some people might say, “Having a drink is the best way to loosen up!” There’s some truth to that, because alcohol can loosen our inhibitions, but this property of alcohol can quickly take us from relaxed to behaving in ways we don’t want. Let’s look at how to stay in control at a drinking party and walk away without any embarrassing memories.

The Allure of Drinking at Parties

There are many reasons why we may want to drink at a party — and sometimes, we end up drinking even when we don’t want to. Developing a habit of mindfulness around our drinking can help us make the best choices for our health goals.

Most of us have heard that staying sober or drinking responsibly is key to having a good time because it allows us to be fully present in the moment. And excessive alcohol consumption can lead to a host of problems, including impaired judgment and driving while under the influence.

Parties can be fun — until they’re not! Often, excessive alcohol consumption is the culprit when things go off the rails. Hartford and Siebring’s (2015) research concluded that high-risk settings such as parties and bars were associated with heavy drinking. Therefore, it makes sense that creating a plan to avoid or control drinking at an alcohol party is the best way to have a good time and minimize its negative consequences.   

Let’s explore ways to have fun at a drinking party while remaining in control.

What To Do Before Drinking Alcohol

The party is this evening, and we plan to be there to see friends we haven’t seen in a while. What could be better? Good food, good company, and plenty of alcohol. To stay fully present in the moment, be sure to make a plan before party time.

  • Establish a safe drinking limit. Set a limit — and stick to it! This helps us remain in control. Everyone is different: the amount of alcohol that causes intoxication varies based on a person’s gender, weight, metabolism, overall health, tolerance level, hydration, and food intake.
  • Develop a behavior plan. If we’re not sure about how alcohol will affect us, we can try a behavior-based approach. Try alternating drinks between alcohol and a non-alcoholic drink like soda or water to slow down your consumption and give yourself time to mindfully assess your intoxication level.
  • Eat something before drinking. Drinking on an empty stomach causes the alcohol to enter our bloodstream more quickly. As a result, we feel the effects of the alcohol faster. This may affect your ability to manage your drinking.

What To Do During a Drinking Party

As soon as we’re offered a drink or directed to the bar, it’s time to put our plan into action. If we decide to drink, here are some things to consider when making that first drink choice:

  • Be aware of a drink’s alcohol content. Not all alcoholic beverages are created equal. One “standard drink” can be hard to define, as alcohol content of different beverages can vary wildly. For instance, the alcohol content of beers can range anywhere from 3% to upwards of 10% alcohol by volume (ABV). Still, there are averages to keep in mind.
  1. A 12-ounce can of beer has 5% ABV
  2. A 5-ounce glass of wine has 12% ABV
  3. A 1.5-ounce shot of liquor has 40% ABV
  • Portion control. Doubles in one glass are equal to two drinks. We can’t fool our bodies by ordering a double in our cocktail and believing we are only having one drink. A double means just that: twice the alcohol.
  • Time your drinking. How long will we be at the party? How long will it take to process the alcohol we drink? The liver can process approximately one “standard” drink per hour. Anything over that and our blood alcohol content (BAC) begins to rise — and intoxication sets in. That doesn’t mean drinking two drinks over two hours is the same as two drinks quickly followed by a two-hour wait. The latter choice has a bigger impact on us and can leave us feeling more tired for the drive home.
  • Be on alert for top-ups! Top-ups tend to happen when the host is pouring wine. There’s always a friendly someone more than happy and willing to top up our half-filled glass. If we’re not paying attention, our plan to limit or moderate can quickly turn into two, three, or four drinks without noticing.
  • Stay hydrated, but not with alcohol. Alcohol is a diuretic, which means it’s dehydrating. Non-alcoholic drinks such as water, soda, or mocktails are good alternatives to alcohol — they allow us to keep something in our hands and sip safely.
  • Be mindful. Part of maintaining control is paying attention to how we feel. Alcohol slows down our nervous system and reduces our bodily awareness. This means we may become uncoordinated, have slower reflexes, and have trouble thinking clearly. If we’ve set a clear intention for maintaining control throughout the evening, it’s important to check in and make sure we’re honoring that intention.
  • Be aware of snacking. All those delicious party foods? They’re often packed with salt, which can make us more thirsty — and encourage us to drink more. It’s best to avoid salty snacks, but if we decide to nibble, it’s important to have non-alcoholic options available.

How To Slow Down Drinking

Sometimes, we arrive at a party thinking we’ll only be there for an hour. But then we bump into a few people we haven’t seen in ages, and our plans change. Then, our plan to have just one drink sort of shifts. It’s time to switch to plan B, which requires us to pace ourselves to remain safely sober. Here are some tips to slow down drinking.

  • Alternate between alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Today, we’re fortunate that options like mocktails and alcohol-free drinks are popular, abundant, socially accepted, and great-tasting.
  • Use a smaller glass. Using a smaller glass is a way of tricking ourselves into thinking we’re having more than we really are. We can ask for a smaller portion in a smaller glass to help us moderate. 
  • Avoid highly alcoholic drinks. It’s worth repeating: not all alcoholic beverages are created equal. Especially with cocktails, it’s easy to go overboard. We can always check with the bartender or the person mixing drinks, and develop ways to say “no” to peer pressure.
  • Don't just sit and drink – stay busy. We tend to drink more while sitting, especially while sitting alone. When we get up and mingle, join in conversations, or dance, we distract ourselves from having nothing to do but drink. By moving around, there’s a good chance we will drink less.
  • Push back on peer pressure. When we reach our limit, it’s okay to say “No!” to offers of another drink. It’s okay to let people know “I’m done for the night.” We’re in control of our own life and choices!

Summing Up

Monitoring our alcohol intake or drinking in moderation is essential to ensure a positive and enjoyable party experience. This can be done by striking a balance between the social benefits of alcohol and the potential risks associated with its excessive consumption. Finding this balance fits with Henssler et al.’s (2021) research, concluding that controlled drinking, especially when supported by counseling, provides a viable option for an abstinence-oriented approach to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)

For those of us who want to pursue a controlled drinking approach, creating a drinking plan before an event is an important way to meet our goals. Following these strategies makes it possible to remain in control while enjoying ourselves if we choose to drink — and ensure we have great memories that last past the evening!

How To Stay in Control While Drinking at Parties

Parties can take many shapes, but we often picture parties as fun, boisterous events where friends get together to unwind, laugh, celebrate, or blow off steam at the end of the week. A party may be as relaxed as games, conversations, and laughter, or it may be as wild as people showing off their latest dance moves and singing their hearts out to the music.

At many parties, alcohol is one of the main ingredients used to set the tone. Some people might say, “Having a drink is the best way to loosen up!” There’s some truth to that, because alcohol can loosen our inhibitions, but this property of alcohol can quickly take us from relaxed to behaving in ways we don’t want. Let’s look at how to stay in control at a drinking party and walk away without any embarrassing memories.

The Allure of Drinking at Parties

There are many reasons why we may want to drink at a party — and sometimes, we end up drinking even when we don’t want to. Developing a habit of mindfulness around our drinking can help us make the best choices for our health goals.

Most of us have heard that staying sober or drinking responsibly is key to having a good time because it allows us to be fully present in the moment. And excessive alcohol consumption can lead to a host of problems, including impaired judgment and driving while under the influence.

Parties can be fun — until they’re not! Often, excessive alcohol consumption is the culprit when things go off the rails. Hartford and Siebring’s (2015) research concluded that high-risk settings such as parties and bars were associated with heavy drinking. Therefore, it makes sense that creating a plan to avoid or control drinking at an alcohol party is the best way to have a good time and minimize its negative consequences.   

Let’s explore ways to have fun at a drinking party while remaining in control.

What To Do Before Drinking Alcohol

The party is this evening, and we plan to be there to see friends we haven’t seen in a while. What could be better? Good food, good company, and plenty of alcohol. To stay fully present in the moment, be sure to make a plan before party time.

  • Establish a safe drinking limit. Set a limit — and stick to it! This helps us remain in control. Everyone is different: the amount of alcohol that causes intoxication varies based on a person’s gender, weight, metabolism, overall health, tolerance level, hydration, and food intake.
  • Develop a behavior plan. If we’re not sure about how alcohol will affect us, we can try a behavior-based approach. Try alternating drinks between alcohol and a non-alcoholic drink like soda or water to slow down your consumption and give yourself time to mindfully assess your intoxication level.
  • Eat something before drinking. Drinking on an empty stomach causes the alcohol to enter our bloodstream more quickly. As a result, we feel the effects of the alcohol faster. This may affect your ability to manage your drinking.

What To Do During a Drinking Party

As soon as we’re offered a drink or directed to the bar, it’s time to put our plan into action. If we decide to drink, here are some things to consider when making that first drink choice:

  • Be aware of a drink’s alcohol content. Not all alcoholic beverages are created equal. One “standard drink” can be hard to define, as alcohol content of different beverages can vary wildly. For instance, the alcohol content of beers can range anywhere from 3% to upwards of 10% alcohol by volume (ABV). Still, there are averages to keep in mind.
  1. A 12-ounce can of beer has 5% ABV
  2. A 5-ounce glass of wine has 12% ABV
  3. A 1.5-ounce shot of liquor has 40% ABV
  • Portion control. Doubles in one glass are equal to two drinks. We can’t fool our bodies by ordering a double in our cocktail and believing we are only having one drink. A double means just that: twice the alcohol.
  • Time your drinking. How long will we be at the party? How long will it take to process the alcohol we drink? The liver can process approximately one “standard” drink per hour. Anything over that and our blood alcohol content (BAC) begins to rise — and intoxication sets in. That doesn’t mean drinking two drinks over two hours is the same as two drinks quickly followed by a two-hour wait. The latter choice has a bigger impact on us and can leave us feeling more tired for the drive home.
  • Be on alert for top-ups! Top-ups tend to happen when the host is pouring wine. There’s always a friendly someone more than happy and willing to top up our half-filled glass. If we’re not paying attention, our plan to limit or moderate can quickly turn into two, three, or four drinks without noticing.
  • Stay hydrated, but not with alcohol. Alcohol is a diuretic, which means it’s dehydrating. Non-alcoholic drinks such as water, soda, or mocktails are good alternatives to alcohol — they allow us to keep something in our hands and sip safely.
  • Be mindful. Part of maintaining control is paying attention to how we feel. Alcohol slows down our nervous system and reduces our bodily awareness. This means we may become uncoordinated, have slower reflexes, and have trouble thinking clearly. If we’ve set a clear intention for maintaining control throughout the evening, it’s important to check in and make sure we’re honoring that intention.
  • Be aware of snacking. All those delicious party foods? They’re often packed with salt, which can make us more thirsty — and encourage us to drink more. It’s best to avoid salty snacks, but if we decide to nibble, it’s important to have non-alcoholic options available.

How To Slow Down Drinking

Sometimes, we arrive at a party thinking we’ll only be there for an hour. But then we bump into a few people we haven’t seen in ages, and our plans change. Then, our plan to have just one drink sort of shifts. It’s time to switch to plan B, which requires us to pace ourselves to remain safely sober. Here are some tips to slow down drinking.

  • Alternate between alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Today, we’re fortunate that options like mocktails and alcohol-free drinks are popular, abundant, socially accepted, and great-tasting.
  • Use a smaller glass. Using a smaller glass is a way of tricking ourselves into thinking we’re having more than we really are. We can ask for a smaller portion in a smaller glass to help us moderate. 
  • Avoid highly alcoholic drinks. It’s worth repeating: not all alcoholic beverages are created equal. Especially with cocktails, it’s easy to go overboard. We can always check with the bartender or the person mixing drinks, and develop ways to say “no” to peer pressure.
  • Don't just sit and drink – stay busy. We tend to drink more while sitting, especially while sitting alone. When we get up and mingle, join in conversations, or dance, we distract ourselves from having nothing to do but drink. By moving around, there’s a good chance we will drink less.
  • Push back on peer pressure. When we reach our limit, it’s okay to say “No!” to offers of another drink. It’s okay to let people know “I’m done for the night.” We’re in control of our own life and choices!

Summing Up

Monitoring our alcohol intake or drinking in moderation is essential to ensure a positive and enjoyable party experience. This can be done by striking a balance between the social benefits of alcohol and the potential risks associated with its excessive consumption. Finding this balance fits with Henssler et al.’s (2021) research, concluding that controlled drinking, especially when supported by counseling, provides a viable option for an abstinence-oriented approach to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD)

For those of us who want to pursue a controlled drinking approach, creating a drinking plan before an event is an important way to meet our goals. Following these strategies makes it possible to remain in control while enjoying ourselves if we choose to drink — and ensure we have great memories that last past the evening!

Alcohol and Mental Health